SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper describes the synthesis of N-substituted aromatic amines proposed as inhibitors of polymer aging, focusing on condensation of p-aminodiphenylamine, p-anisidine, and p-phenylenediamine with acetophenone followed by catalytic hydrogenation. The authors show that direct condensation in tolue…
This study extends mass spectrometric photoionization measurements to low-volatility organic compounds by evaporating samples near the photoionization region and examining anthracene, uracil, thymine, and several amino acids. Photoionization efficiency curves are used to determine ionization thresho…
The study examines how substituents at the central carbon atom of bisphenols affect their reactivity in polycondensation with terephthaloyl chloride. Kinetic measurements were carried out in ditolylmethane under nitrogen at 160 to 200 degrees by monitoring hydrogen chloride evolution, and the data w…
This study examines the complex-forming behavior of several phosphorylated ethylenediamine derivatives and compares them with carboxyl-containing analogues in order to clarify the influence of phosphine-containing groups in multidentate chelants. Acid dissociation constants, complex compositions, op…
The study examines the origin of nonadditive stabilized radical formation during gamma radiolysis of frozen methanol solutions containing carbon tetrachloride. Using EPR spectra of amorphous methanol with additions of carbon tetrachloride, sulfuric acid, and iodine, the authors compare the behavior …
This study examines the ultraviolet and visible reflection spectra of two-component lead silicate glasses and their crystallized analogues, with compositions containing 50, 66.7, and 70 mol.% PbO. Measurements over 100 to 1000 mμ show no selective-reflection bands in the visible region, but reveal t…
This study examines the diene condensation of substituted oxazoles with acrylic acid, focusing on the structural orientation of the resulting pyridinecarboxylic acid derivatives. Experiments with oxazoles bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents show that, when normal condensa…
A new class of silicon phosphorus organic compounds, dialkyl triorganosilylmethoxymethylphosphinates, was synthesized to examine whether a P-C-O-C-Si linkage provides improved resistance to hydrolysis. The compounds were prepared by reacting chloromethyltriorganosilanes with dialkyl sodium oxymethyl…
This study examines whether the reaction of pyromellitic dianhydride with aromatic amines involves charge-transfer complexes, a question relevant to the formation of polyamic acids and aromatic polyimides. Using the model system pyromellitic dianhydride and tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine in dimethyl…
This study examines the role of potassium iodide in the color reaction between iodine and polyvinyl alcohol, a question related to the debated function of iodide ions in iodine polysaccharide complexes. Absorption spectra of iodine, iodide, and polyvinyl alcohol solutions were measured at varying po…
This study examines the extraction behavior of beta,beta-prime-dichlorodiethyl ether, or Chlorex, as an industrially available solvent for separating metal ions from hydrochloric acid solutions. Using radioactive tracers, the authors measured distribution coefficients for twelve elements over varyin…
This paper examines the relation between thermodynamic and kinetic parameters in selected solid phase reactions, extending the Polanyi and Evans concept from reaction heat effects to changes in isobaric isothermal potential. Using literature thermochemical and activation energy data, the authors der…
This study examines the addition of several lower alcohols to 1-vinylcyclohexene-3 dioxide, a cycloolefin dioxide for which comparable reactions had not been experimentally characterized. The dioxide was prepared by epoxidation with acetyl hydroperoxide, and its reactions with ethyl, propyl, isoprop…
This study examines the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of anion radicals formed by reducing diphenylmethane, diphenylethane, and 1,3-diphenylpropane with metallic potassium in 1,2-dimethoxyethane or tetrahydrofuran at low temperatures. The spectra indicate that the primary reduction product…
The study examines the formation of lithium compounds with rare earth oxides, focusing on systems for which little or no prior information was available, especially praseodymium and terbium sesquioxides. Rare earth oxides or nitrates were reacted with lithium compounds under controlled calcination c…
This study examines the polymerization of butadiene using catalyst systems formed from Group VIII metal carbonyls and Lewis acids, with particular attention to nickel and cobalt carbonyls. Experiments in hydrocarbon solvents at 50 degrees C show that the carbonyls alone are inactive, whereas their r…
The study compares the kinetics of steam-induced transformations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and m-cresol over an industrial nickel chromium catalyst at 360 to 400°C. Using a flow catalytic apparatus with chromatographic analysis, the authors examine monodealkylation, further demethy…
This study examines whether O-alkyl esters of trinitromethane can be generated and trapped through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The authors prepared methyl and ethyl trinitromethane O-esters in solution by diazomethane methylation or oxonium-salt alkylation, then reacted them with methyl acrylate and …
This study examines the stepwise oxidation of the methyl ether of o-amino-p-tert-butylphenol by benzoyl peroxide using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. By varying the molar ratio of substrate to oxidant in dry benzene under evacuated conditions, the authors followed changes in hyperfine…
This paper examines the catalytic decomposition of n-decyl hydroperoxide by copper stearate in liquid phase at 80 degrees C, with attention to radical and nonradical pathways relevant to hydrocarbon oxidation. Using inhibitor consumption by N-phenyl-beta-naphthylamine to measure radical formation, t…
Thermal decomposition of trimethylsilylalkoxyacetylenes is examined as a route to trimethylsilylketene, and the resulting product is characterized by NMR and infrared spectroscopy. The spectral data indicate that the substance exists as an equilibrium mixture of the ketene form and trimethylsiloxyac…
This paper examines the kinetics of the reaction of 1,1-diphenylethane hydroperoxide with a range of phosphorous acid esters, including aliphatic and aromatic phosphites, mixed pyrocatechol phosphites, and diphosphites. The authors use polarographic measurement of hydroperoxide reduction at a droppi…
This paper investigates the structure of copolymers formed from acrolein and vinyl aryl ethers under cationic conditions, with emphasis on acrolein and vinyl phenyl ether. Fractionation, chemical tests, infrared spectroscopy, and comparison with independently synthesized 2-phenoxy-3,4-dihydropyran i…
This paper addresses the limited availability of substituted cobalticinium salts, particularly those not readily accessible through electrophilic substitution or substituted cyclopentadienes. The authors propose using 1,1′-dialkylferrocenes as starting materials, cleaving them with lithium in ethyla…
This paper examines olefin hydropolymerization on cobalt catalysts as an initiated heterogeneous catalytic process, comparing reactions promoted by small additions of carbon monoxide or oxygen in the presence of hydrogen. The authors summarize experimental trends for ethylene, propylene, and butylen…
This paper examines anomalous proton chemical shifts in cyclic esters of sulfurous and selenious acids as evidence for their preferred conformations. Using experimental and calculated NMR spectra for propane-1,3-diol sulfite and selenite, dimethyl derivatives, and chlorinated sulfite isomers, the au…
This paper generalizes a thermodynamic scheme for calculating component activities during ferrite dissociation to cases in which both solid products, the spinel and wüstite phases, have variable composition. The authors formulate the equilibrium reaction, identify independent partial reactions by a …
This paper investigates the formation of compounds between strontium or barium oxides and rare-earth oxides by calcining oxide or salt mixtures and analyzing the products by X-ray diffraction. Strontium oxide was found to form SrLn2O4 compounds with rare-earth elements from neodymium to lutetium, wh…
This study examines the relationship between substitution pattern, molecular planarity, and visible absorption in aromatic diazoamino compounds. A series of chloro-, bromo-, and methyl-substituted diazoaminobenzenes was synthesized by several diazotization and coupling methods, and their electronic …
This study examines the luminescence of cold flames formed during vapor-phase nitration of propane with nitrogen dioxide, motivated by similarities between alkane nitration and cold-flame oxidation. Using a stabilized quartz jet reactor and a photoelectric grating spectrometer, the authors recorded …
This study examines the polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine on polystyrenesulfonic acid as a strong polymeric acid matrix, extending earlier work on specific ionic polymerization of vinylpyridinium salts. Using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and electron and optical microscopy, the authors…
This study examines rearrangement and fragmentation of aliphatic carbenium ions during Friedel-Crafts type alkylation of benzene with alcohols in 80% sulfuric acid, a medium reported not to isomerize the aromatic products. The authors alkylated benzene with propyl, butyl, and amyl alcohols under sta…
This communication examines the formation of polynuclear beryllium complexonates with phosphinic acid complexones containing alkylphosphinic groups. Using potentiometric titration and polarography at controlled ionic strength and temperature, the authors analyze complex formation for several ligands…
A modified absorption method is proposed for determining diffusion coefficients of radioisotopes whose beta spectra make the conventional absorption coefficient depth dependent. The method constructs an experimental calibration curve relating changes in detected radiation intensity to the mean displ…
This paper examines how thermal dissociation affects the interaction of carbon with carbon dioxide and oxygen over a broad high temperature range. Using previously reported rate constants and equilibrium compositions for dissociated carbon dioxide, the authors compare the relative contributions of r…
This study uses infrared spectroscopy to examine surface compounds formed when vanadium oxide catalysts interact with naphthalene and naphthalene oxidation products during catalytic oxidation in air. Vanadium oxide films were treated under reaction and adsorption conditions, and their spectra were c…
The study examines isomerization of the cyclohexyl cation generated during nitrous acid deamination of tritium labeled cyclohexylamine, with emphasis on distinguishing possible hydride shifts. Cyclohexylamine labeled in the alpha positions was synthesized from cyclohexanone via tritiation, oxime for…
This study examines the preparation of ethylene butylene elastomers by copolymerizing ethylene with butene-1 directly in a liquid butylene medium, without a separate inert solvent, using a VCl4 and diisobutylaluminum chloride catalytic system. Experiments in a 2 liter autoclave varied ethylene conce…
This study addresses the difficulty of selectively isolating the intermetallic compounds Ni3Al and Ni3Ti from nickel alloys in which their electrochemical behavior and crystal structures are closely similar. Anodic polarization and potential, time measurements were used to select electrolytes for el…
The article examines the thermal stability and dissociation behavior of molybdenum disulfide under high vacuum, addressing conflicting earlier reports on whether decomposition proceeds directly to the elements or through lower sulfides. Samples of MoS2 were sealed in evacuated quartz ampoules, heate…
This study examines how diamagnetic ions affect the hydration shells of vanadyl ions in concentrated aqueous vanadyl chloride solutions, using electron paramagnetic resonance line narrowing as an indicator of enhanced spin exchange. The authors argue that cations with strong electrostatic fields par…
This paper examines how electrolytes affect hydration and crystallization structure formation during the hardening of alpha hemihydrate gypsum suspensions with quartz filler. Using KCl, K2SO4, and CaCl2 additives, the authors compare hydration kinetics, dissolution behavior, microscopic crystal morp…
The paper examines hydrolysis and substitution behavior of Rh(III) complex ions in relation to the compensation effect, which links activation entropy and activation enthalpy and implies a temperature at which related reaction rates converge. Using literature kinetic data together with new measureme…
This paper examines how n to pi* excitation in carbonyl-containing luminophore molecules can promote radical generation through hydrogen transfer in hydrogen-bonded complexes with a surrounding matrix. The authors develop a quantum-mechanical argument, using a Heitler-London treatment and molecular-…
This paper examines the use of pi-allyl and pi-crotyl nickel complexes as components of catalytic systems for stereospecific polymerization of butadiene. The authors synthesize bis-(pi-crotyl)-nickel and related nickel halide complexes, combine them with several metal halides, and compare polymer yi…
This paper generalizes experimental information on binary solid solutions based on alpha and beta titanium using phase diagram data arranged according to the periodic system of elements. By plotting limiting solubilities, eutectic and peritectic concentrations, transformation temperatures, and distr…
This study examines stationary and nonstationary butadiene polymerization in benzene catalyzed by diisobutylaluminum chloride and the pyridine complex of cobalt chloride, with particular attention to the role of initial water concentration. Using precise dilatometric measurements and controlled addi…
This paper investigates whether shock waves can induce polymerization in condensed monomers under conditions distinct from ordinary thermal, catalytic, radiation, or mechanochemical initiation. Solid monomers in metal ampoules were subjected to plane shock waves generated by explosive charges, with …
This paper examines the disputed structure and stereochemistry of alloocimene dioxide, for which earlier assignments were based on reduction or hydration products that could involve isomerization. The authors synthesize a homogeneous dioxide sample and analyze its proton magnetic resonance spectrum,…
This study examines the radiation chemical transformation of crystalline o-nitroaniline under gamma irradiation and characterizes an insoluble dark-brown radiolysis product isolated by solvent washing. Elemental analysis, Debye diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, thermal behavior,…
