SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper investigates previously inaccessible geometrical isomers of the platinum glycine complex PtGl2Cl2 predicted by Werner coordination theory, focusing on forms with cis-positioned chlorine atoms. The authors use oxidation of cis platinum glycine chlorides with hydrogen peroxide, followed by …
The study examines how aggregation state affects the sign of photocurrent and dark current carriers in organic dye layers, especially di- and triphenylmethane dyes. Using static and vibrating capacitor methods, contact photopotential measurements, spectral photo-emf distributions, and thermoelectric…
This study examines phase relations in the lanthanum diorthosilicate and yttrium diorthosilicate system, whose end members belong to different structural groups. Alloys prepared from high-purity oxides and silica were melted, annealed at controlled temperatures, rapidly quenched, and analyzed by X-r…
The study examines substitution reactions of dihydrido-p-phenylenedisilanes to prepare bromo and acetoxy derivatives with reactive silicon functional groups. Bromination with bromine in carbon tetrachloride at low temperature replaced both Si-H hydrogens but also caused partial cleavage of Si-C phen…
This study examines how the mobility of hydrogen atoms in methoxy groups attached to aromatic systems depends on the aromatic ring and on the nature and position of additional substituents. Deuterium exchange kinetics were measured for anisole, isomeric methoxynaphthalenes, fluoroanisoles, dimethoxy…
The paper reports the synthesis and characterization of new organoelement mercury compounds containing Si-Si-Hg, Si-Si-Hg-Si-Si, Si-Hg-Ge, and Si-Si-Hg-Ge groupings. Pentaethyldisilane was reacted with diethylmercury to give ethyl-(pentaethyldisililyl)-mercury and bis-(pentaethyldisililyl)-mercury, …
This paper examines structural regularities in melts of trivalent metal oxide, silica systems, focusing on the occurrence and width of liquid immiscibility regions. Using published liquidus data, calculated cation radii, radius ratios, and estimated maximum oxygen coordination, it relates the compos…
This paper examines electrophilic addition of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes to furan acetals as a route to monoacetals and diacetals of furan dialdehydes. The authors compare the reactivity of furfural acetal and substituted dimethoxypropylfurans with acrolein and crotonaldehyde under acidic cond…
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance at 93 K was used to examine hydroxyl groups and adsorbed water on coarse-pore silica gel over a range of water coverages. Analysis of line shapes and second moments indicates at least three types of surface silanol sites, differing in local proton environment, and s…
This study examines the formation of free radicals as intermediates in the oxidation of pyridylthiazolylcarbinols and related secondary carbinols in alkaline polar media. Using electron paramagnetic resonance, ultraviolet spectroscopy, kinetic observations, and product isolation, the authors show th…
This study determines thermochemical characteristics of tetraethylsilane and hexaethyldisilane in order to evaluate silicon-carbon and silicon-silicon bond energies in alkyl compounds of group IV elements. The compounds were synthesized, characterized by boiling point, density, refractive index, and…
This study examines the chemical composition of “Blaise’s reagent,” whose assumed content of mixed organozinc compounds of definite composition had not previously been demonstrated, especially in the aliphatic series. The authors use the ability of mixed organozinc compounds to form crystalline comp…
This paper examines how a compact dielectric interlayer near an interface modifies the structure of the electrical double layer and the electrostatic adsorption of ions. Using Gibbs statistical methods and correlation functions, the authors derive expressions for the interaction of ions with an exte…
This paper investigates the mechanism of radical telomerization of olefins with carbon tetrachloride and chloroform initiated by iron pentacarbonyl and iron chlorides. By comparing product distributions and partial chain transfer constants with those obtained under peroxide or azo initiation, the au…
This study applies isotopic exchange with oxygen enriched in oxygen-18 to compare the relative strength and mobility of oxygen bonding in several uranium oxides and sodium uranates. Exchange experiments in a static quartz circulation apparatus were combined with surface-area measurements and diffusi…
This paper examines how relative microdistortions of a metal crystal lattice affect heterogeneous catalytic processes, using hydrogen atom recombination on molybdenum as a model system. A thermodynamic analysis based on entropy production and Curie’s theorem argues that lattice microdistortions asso…
This paper examines conditions under which spontaneous dispersion of liquids or solids can occur when formation of new interfacial area would normally raise the free energy. It contrasts thermodynamically stable colloidal emulsions and suspensions, possible only at very low interfacial free energy w…
This study examines low-temperature reactions of macroradicals generated by mechanical dispersion of solid polymer solutions, using electron paramagnetic resonance to follow changes in radical spectra without thawing or atmospheric exposure. Polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polybutylene gly…
This study examines how surface-active media affect the onset and development of athermal seizure during sliding friction of technically pure iron, aluminum, and copper. Using a specialized friction machine, the author compares critical loads, friction coefficients, welding behavior, and surface-lay…
This study examines the use of mass spectrometry for structural analysis of methyl ethers of disaccharides, a class of derivatives sufficiently volatile for this method despite the general low volatility of carbohydrates. The authors prepared and analyzed hepta-O-methyl derivatives of disaccharides …
This study examines whether tert-butyl hydroperoxide reacts directly with the double bond of styrene to form free radicals, a question relevant to olefin oxidation and hydroperoxide-initiated polymerization. Using the inhibitor method in heptane solution, the authors measured radical formation from …
This study examines the electrooxidation of organic substances on rotating platinized platinum electrodes at potentials corresponding to hydrogen adsorption, a region where appreciable oxidation rates were observed under suitable conditions. Using potentiostatic measurements with sawtooth and triang…
This paper examines the reaction of stannanols with acetylene and substituted acetylenes in comparison with the known vinylation behavior of alcohols and silanols. The authors argue that, unlike alcohols and silanols, stannanols do not form organotin vinyl ethers but react through the active acetyle…
This study examines phase equilibria and the possibility of mutual limited gas solubility in the water, butane system, motivated by predictions for dipolar substances and by solubility parameter considerations. Using a high pressure, high temperature apparatus with phase sampling and compositional a…
The study examines how loading duration and temperature affect the long-term strength of three-dimensional polymer films made from melamine-formaldehyde and polyester resins. Measurements of time to failure under stress across several temperature ranges showed that strength generally follows exponen…
This paper examines how substituent effects are transmitted along carbon chains as reflected in the nuclear quadrupole resonance frequencies of Br-79 and Cl-35 in aliphatic halogen compounds. It proposes an empirical calculation scheme in which frequency shifts from limiting values for primary and s…
This study examines the initiation of vinyl chloride polymerization by systems formed from triethylaluminum, halogen-containing organic compounds, and titanium trichloride. Experiments at 20 degrees with various alkyl, aryl, and polyhalogenated chlorides show that polymerization is absent in hydroca…
This paper reports the reduction and dehydration chemistry of acyl derivatives of cyclopentadienylmanganese tricarbonyl. Acetyl, propionyl, and benzoyl compounds are reduced with lithium aluminum hydride to the corresponding secondary alcohols, while reduction in the presence of aluminum trichloride…
The study examines joint adsorption of polyacrylamide and the cationic hydrophobizing agent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide on kaolin, motivated by their combined use in strengthening clay soils. Adsorption was evaluated mainly from surface tension measurements before and after contact with 5 percent…
The study examines the thermal interaction of diisopropylmercury with chloroform, deuterated chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride in the absence of oxygen at about 130°C, conditions chosen to simplify previously observed oxygen initiated chain reactions. Product analysis by mass spectrometry showed …
This study examines the mechanism of oxidation of tetraammineplatinum(II) chloride by iodine, a reaction previously discussed largely on theoretical grounds for square planar platinum complexes. Using potentiometric measurements in sulfuric acid solution, the authors followed changes in iodine elect…
This study examines the reactions of 3-methylpentene-2, used as a model for the polyisoprene unit, with cationic-type catalysts relevant to transformations observed in natural rubber. Using ethylaluminum dichloride and titanium tetrachloride under dry argon without solvent, the authors followed cis-…
The study applies the galvanostatic method to high-temperature electrode processes at interfaces between carbon-saturated iron melts containing silicon, manganese, or sulfur and liquid aluminosilicate or aluminate slags at 1320 to 1420 °C. Polarization rise and decay curves recorded with an oscillog…
The study examines the mechanism of deuterium exchange between cyclohexane and metallic catalyst surfaces, focusing on how temperature and catalyst identity affect the distribution of deuterated products. Experiments on platinum films from 0 to 185°C show that the characteristic maximum at hexadeute…
The study investigates the anionic polymerization of butadiene in tetrahydrofuran initiated by alkali metal diphenyl complexes over a wide temperature range, with emphasis on how the counterion affects chain growth and polymer microstructure. Kinetic measurements, mainly dilatometric and supplemente…
This paper examines the interaction of channel carbon black with two rubber additives, phenyl-2-naphthylamine and mercaptobenzothiazole, and compares their behavior with that of triphenylmethyl radicals. Carbon black samples were treated with solutions of these substances, then analyzed through meas…
The study examines the reaction of diphenyl, a hydrocarbon lacking mobile hydrogen atoms, with tert-butyl peroxide at 200°C and compares its behavior with related aromatic compounds. Product analysis by gas chromatography, elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy, oxidation, and molecular weight …
This paper describes the preparation of previously undescribed esters of beta-hydroxy-beta-naphthylpropionic acids as potential intermediates for physiologically active compounds containing a naphthyl ring. The authors apply the Reformatsky reaction to unsubstituted 1- and 2-naphthaldehyde with alph…
This study determines the principal thermodynamic properties of gallium antimonide, a semiconductor compound in the gallium-antimony system, using the electromotive-force method. Cells with liquid gallium, a KCl-LiCl electrolyte containing gallium chloride, and solid GaSb plus Sb electrodes were mea…
The study examines infrared absorption spectra and Raman integral intensities of a series of ethynylsilanes of the general form RnSi(C≡CH)4-n, with methyl, ethyl, vinyl, and hydrogen substituents. Spectra were recorded for characteristic C≡C, acetylenic C-H, Si-H, and vinyl vibrations, and acetylene…
The study examines four crystalline genins obtained by acid hydrolysis of panacoside A from ginseng roots, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and comparison with the known spectrum of panaxadiol. Because the complete structures were not chemically established, the analysis is limited to s…
This paper examines how the discreteness of specifically adsorbed ionic charge affects interfacial surface tension at metal solution and gas solution boundaries. Using the Güntelberg charging method, the authors derive expressions for the free energy and surface tension change associated with electr…
This study addresses how replacing surface hydroxyl groups in silica adsorbents affects adsorption, with the aim of producing a hydrophobic silica material that retains strong adsorption for nonpolar substances. The authors synthesized a porous hydridopolysiloxane xerogel, or hydrogen silica gel, by…
This paper investigates the mechanism of weak chemiluminescence observed during liquid phase oxidation of organic compounds, focusing on identification of the excited emitting species. Spectra, oxygen quenching behavior, lifetimes, and quantum yields were measured or estimated for oxidations of ethy…
This study examines the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility in copper(II) oxalate and copper(II) succinate between 80 and 300 K, addressing earlier interpretations of their anomalously low room-temperature magnetic moments as evidence of intramolecular antiferromagnetism. Experimental …
Dipole moments were measured for seven nitrones in dilute benzene solutions at 25°C using the heterodyne method, with polarizations extrapolated to infinite dilution and analyzed by the Hedestrand procedure. The study reports total, electronic, and orientation polarizations and resulting dipole mome…
This study examines how molecular coplanarity and steric effects influence the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra and optical activity of optically active copper chelates with oxyaldimines and oxyketimines. Using EPR measurements in solution and powder, the authors compare aldehyde and ketone d…
The paper investigates the kinetics and mechanism of radiation-induced ethylene polymerization below the melting point of polyethylene, where the reaction rate first rises to a maximum and then declines as solid polymer accumulates. Using a constant-pressure dilatometer under gamma irradiation at 10…
This study addresses the unresolved positions of hydrogen atoms in crystalline dicyandiamide, a question that had left the molecular structural formula ambiguous among amino and imino alternatives. Neutron diffraction measurements of h0l reflections were combined with nuclear density projections, di…
The paper examines the kinetics of cationic polymerization of trioxane initiated by tin tetrachloride in methylene chloride and nitrobenzene at 30 degrees C. Using dilatometric measurements with purified reagents under inert conditions, the authors determine how the maximum polymerization rate depen…
