SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines the reactions of free radicals formed in irradiated serum albumin, with parallel experiments on irradiated polymethyl methacrylate as a comparison system. Radical decay and light emission during dissolution in selected solvents were followed by electron paramagnetic resonance and…
This paper analyzes the frequency of periodic self-oscillations in electrolytic systems with a descending current characteristic and no passivation, focusing on how frequency depends on diffusion-layer thickness, applied voltage, resistance, and concentration conditions. Neglecting double-layer capa…
This paper examines proposed ionic chain mechanisms for the acid-catalyzed decomposition of alkyl hydroperoxides, focusing on whether peresters act as intermediates in the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide. The authors test this by generating cumyl peresters from sodium cumene hydroperoxide and …
This study examines the mechanism of photochemical chlorination of chloroacetaldehyde in carbon tetrachloride and aqueous media. Chlorination under ultraviolet irradiation was followed kinetically at varying substrate concentrations and temperatures, with product analysis, quantum yield measurements…
This study examines how reaction products affect the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of isobutylene to methacrolein and carbon dioxide on a copper oxide catalyst. Using a flow circulation method with selective removal or addition of products, the authors show that methacrolein chiefly inhibits par…
A descending thin-layer chromatography method on cellulose-coated plates is described for separating polyhydroxy compounds whose close mobility values limit ascending plate chromatography and paper chromatography. The authors specify the plate arrangement, adsorbent-layer geometry, solvent delivery,…
This study examines the amorphization of natural graphite powders under prolonged vibrational grinding and the extent to which heat treatment restores three-dimensional graphite ordering. Taiginsk graphite was ground in a vibratory mill or dispersed by wear in vacuum, then analyzed by X-ray diffract…
This paper reports the unusually facile photolytic destruction of the ferrocene system in alpha-pyridylferrocene derivatives at room temperature. Irradiation of alpha-pyridylferrocene methiodide in alkaline solution, under nitrogen, cleaves the iron, cyclopentadienyl ring bonds to give N-methyl-2-cy…
This paper examines anodic dissolution and passivation of titanium in concentrated sulfuric acid under rectangular alternating-current polarization with controlled asymmetry in amplitude and half-period duration. Measurements of electrode potential and corrosion losses show that titanium dissolution…
This paper examines transformation reactions of silicon-containing vinylacetylene glycols, focusing on how a triethylsilyl substituent affects addition, hydrogenation, and silylation behavior. Experiments with Speier’s catalyst showed that triethylsilane did not add to the remaining triple bond unde…
The paper examines the synthesis of 2,3-dimercaptopropylamine and previously undescribed N-monoalkyl, N,N-dialkyl, piperidino, and morpholino derivatives, compounds of interest because vicinal dithiols show biological activity. The authors replace bromine in 2,3-dibromopropylamine hydrobromide and r…
This paper examines the dielectric behavior of water, alcohols, ice, and related substances with intermolecular hydrogen bonding, arguing that conventional explanations based on dipole reorientation and molecular association do not account for observed linear temperature dependences and Debye-type r…
This study examines siloxane polymers containing phenylene units in the main chain, motivated by the potential of aromatic units to modify heat resistance, radiation resistance, crystallinity, and elastomeric properties. High molecular weight phenylene-containing siloxane polymers were synthesized, …
This study examines the tert-butyl peroxide initiated free-radical addition of several N-alkylacetamides to methyl acrylate as a route to methyl esters of gamma-N-acetylamino acids and related lactams. Experiments with N-methylacetamide, N-acetylethylamine, N-acetylbutylamine, and N-acetylpiperidine…
This study examines the temperature dependence of radiationless deactivation of the metastable, probably triplet, state of chlorophyll in solution. Using flash photolysis on chlorophyll a and b mixtures in toluene from 20 to minus 50 degrees Celsius, and in a solid ether, isopentane, alcohol glass a…
This paper addresses the low adhesion of polytetrafluoroethylene by proposing a comparatively mild surface activation method for grafting vinyl monomers. Polytetrafluoroethylene films were treated in air or air with oxygen by a silent electric discharge at 50 Hz and 22 to 30 kV, then contacted with …
This study examines the ion-exchange and electrochemical behavior of heterogeneous sulfocationite membranes based on KU-2 and SBS-1 resins in chloride electrolyte systems containing hydrogen, sodium, potassium, and ammonium ions. Using independently measured exchange constants, ion mobility ratios, …
This paper examines the fixation of porous condensation structures formed from polyvinyl alcohol during acid-catalyzed acetalization with formaldehyde, with attention to preserving vapor permeability and porosity after drying. The authors compare the behavior of freshly formed structures with sample…
This study examines the activation and pitting corrosion of passive iron by perchlorate ions in neutral, alkaline, and acidic solutions, addressing conflicting interpretations of perchlorate as either inhibiting or promoting metal dissolution. Armco iron electrodes were tested mainly by quasi-potent…
A new route to 3-hydroxyflavone, flavonol, is described from o-benzyloxyphenyl-omega-nitrostyryl ketone via its epoxide. Treatment of the nitrostyryl ketone with alkaline hydrogen peroxide gave the corresponding nitroketone epoxide in good yield, characterized by elemental analysis and ultraviolet a…
This paper analyzes moisture transfer during evaporation in capillary porous bodies, considering both vapor diffusion and motion of liquid films along capillary walls. Using the Derjaguin and Nerpin formulation for film flow together with Stefan diffusion, the author derives expressions for the rela…
This study examines how cumene hydroperoxide, an intermediate product of cumene oxidation, affects radical formation during radiation exposure of frozen aromatic hydrocarbon samples. Using electron paramagnetic resonance during irradiation with 1.6 MeV electrons at low temperature, the authors measu…
This study examines the reaction of 2,3-diaryl and 2-aryl-3-alkyl indones with nitrogen dioxide and compares the formation of mononitro and dinitro hydroxyhydrindone products under different solvents, temperatures, and nitration conditions. Experiments with diphenylindone, phenyl-p-tolylindone, and …
This study examines how thermal treatment affects the heat of combustion and solubility of wheat gliadin, comparing protein heated in isolated preparations with gliadin extracted from grain heated for one hour at specified temperatures. Calorimetric measurements showed that isolated gliadin changed …
The paper analyzes the energetics of complex crystal lattices in alkaline-earth metal silicates, treating them as salts containing silicon-oxygen anionic radicals of different structural types. Using revised thermochemical data, Born-Haber cycles, and Kapustinskii-type lattice-energy equations with …
This study examines how molecular weight, concentration, and temperature affect the Newtonian viscosity and activation heat of viscous flow in concentrated polyisobutylene solutions in iso-octane. Measurements on seven polyisobutylene samples spanning molecular weights from about 10^3 to 2.8 million…
This study examines the synthesis of 1,1-substituted silicacyclobutanes from gamma-chloropropyl silicon derivatives, a class for which few preparative data were available. Organometallic ring closure was tested with several metals and solvents, and reproducible formation of chloro-substituted silica…
This study investigates the preparation of organic derivatives of kaolin, a layered aluminosilicate for which such derivatives had not been experimentally established. Chinese kaolin was ultrasonically disintegrated in media of diphenyl, diphenylmethane, or ethylpolysiloxane, followed by washing and…
This paper examines bicyclic diphosphites derived from pentaerythritol and shows that transesterification of trialkyl phosphites can give different isomeric products depending on reaction conditions. Simultaneous reaction of two moles of trialkyl phosphite with pentaerythritol, or reaction of alkyl …
This study examines the source of oxygen incorporated during oxidation of benzene and phenol by pernitrous acid and salicylaldehyde by Fenton’s reagent, using oxygen-18 labeled water and isotopic analysis of the products. Experiments showed that o-nitrophenol from benzene oxidation reflected incorpo…
This study examines the infrared spectra of complexes formed by ethylene, substituted olefins, and cycloolefins with aluminum chloride and aluminum bromide under vacuum, including low-temperature preparation to limit polymerization. The spectra show intense bands near 1540 to 1500 cm-1 assigned to a…
This paper examines the dissociation constants of carbonic acid at elevated temperatures, a parameter needed for interpreting carbon dioxide bearing hydrothermal systems and related carbonate equilibria. Electrical conductivity measurements of carbon dioxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate…
A theoretical model is developed for an electrochemical diode consisting of an oxidation reduction electrolyte and a spherical microelectrode, under conditions where migration, convection, and double-layer charging may be neglected. The analysis formulates diffusion equations with electrode reaction…
This study examines the electrochemical and corrosion behavior of titanium in 10 N sulfuric acid under sinusoidal alternating-current polarization at frequencies from low tens to several thousand hertz. Using VT-1 titanium electrodes, the authors measured half-period electrode potentials, current am…
This study examines whether thermal hydrogen atoms can abstract deuterium from solid deuteropolyethylene to form HD, a process relevant to explanations of hydrogen formation during hydrocarbon radiolysis. Hydrogen atoms generated on a hot tungsten filament were directed onto deuteropolyethylene samp…
This study examines the crystallization kinetics of polychloroprene rubber, nairit, after melting of the crystalline phase by heating to 50 °C and subsequent holding at room temperature or 0 °C. Thermomechanical curves were used to follow changes in deformability and to derive indices of crystalliza…
This study examines diffusion in the secondary pores of granulated type A zeolites, a factor needed to relate overall diffusion rates to transport in primary and intercrystalline pore systems. Diffusion coefficients for benzene and carbon tetrachloride vapors were measured by a stationary diffusion …
This study examines ion electromigration in absolute sulfuric acid in relation to proposed autoprotolytic formation of bisulfate and sulfur-containing cations. Using a radioisotope variant of the Hittorf method with sulfur-35 labeled acid, the authors measured transport during electrolysis and found…
This paper analyzes capillary impregnation of spherical porous granules and the accompanying diffusional extraction when a soluble substance occupies only part of the pore volume. Using Darcy’s law in a quasi-stationary approximation, the authors derive equations for the impregnation rate, limiting …
This paper applies Brewster’s method for calculating molecular rotation to optically active organomercury compounds and to the stereochemistry of mercury salt addition to olefins. Using atomic refraction values, including an estimated value for mercury, the authors calculate rotations for known orga…
This paper reports the isolation and preliminary structural study of a new glycoside, named reoselin, from the ether-insoluble fraction of acetone-extracted root resin of Ferula pseudoreoselinum. The compound was characterized by melting point, optical rotation, elemental analysis, hydrolysis, hydro…
This study examines how cadmium ions affect hydrogen adsorption on a palladized platinum electrode, using anodic and cathodic charging curves in sulfuric acid solutions containing cadmium sulfate, chloride, or iodide at varying concentrations and temperatures. The results show that cadmium adsorptio…
This paper examines the use of zone melting to identify crystallization fields, crystallization paths, and eutectic compositions in molten salt systems with two to five components. Salt mixtures of known composition were subjected to repeated passage of a narrow molten zone, after which compositions…
The paper examines the origin of minima in time curves of potential shift for platinized platinum electrodes after introducing organic substances in acidic solutions. Using potential measurements and gas analysis for acetaldehyde, propanol, and butanol, the authors argue that the observed minimum re…
This paper develops a theoretical description of bimolecular preassociation in polyatomic molecules, emphasizing the role of intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution after formation of a transient quasimolecular complex. Using nonstationary perturbation theory, the decay probability of an in…
This study examines whether mineral formation during firing in the CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 system can be deliberately redirected to favor the more active cement clinker phases C5A3 and C3S instead of C3A and C2S. The authors fired synthesized mineral mixtures and raw mixes with and without fluorine contain…
This paper reports a radiochemical study of neutron-deficient rare-earth isotopes of the cerium group produced by irradiation of high-purity praseodymium oxide with 660 MeV protons. Rare-earth fractions were separated chromatographically, cerium was further purified by nitrate extraction, and activi…
This paper examines the use of the Wittig reaction as a synthetic route for extending monosaccharide carbon chains and preparing 2,3-dehydro-2,3-dideoxy-aldonic acid derivatives. The authors show that unprotected reducing sugars, including arabinose, ribose, glucose, galactose, a heptose, and N-acet…
This paper investigates the ionization rate of hydrogen on partially immersed smooth nickel and platinum electrodes in concentrated potassium hydroxide solutions under conditions where activation polarization is negligible. Using conical electrodes to vary separately the immersed surface area and th…
