SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study develops and applies a radiochemical method for evaluating the reactivity of liquid-phase free radicals through the ratio of the tritium abstraction rate constant to the square root of the radical recombination constant. Cyclohexyl and heptyl radicals were generated in cyclohexane and hep…
This study examines the Mössbauer effect in tetravalent tin compounds, focusing on how electron-shell structure, bond ionicity, and local electric-field gradients influence recoil-free gamma transitions in tin-119. Measurements of symmetric tin halides, tin dioxide, tetraphenyltin, and organotin com…
This study examines the alkylation of 1,1,3-trimethyl-3-phenylindane, obtainable from waste alpha-methylstyrene, with propylene, isobutylene, and cyclohexene using a boron fluoride, orthophosphoric acid catalyst. Experimental variation of reactant ratios, catalyst amount, temperature, and reaction t…
This study examines how adsorption modification of mineral fillers and pigments by surfactants affects structure formation in polymer solutions and the performance of filled polymers. Concentrated suspensions of kaolin in SKS-30 rubber solutions and titanium dioxide in perchlorovinyl resin solutions…
This study examines how the second glass-forming oxide affects the sodium and potassium electrode functions of alkali silicate glasses of the type Na2O, RxOy, SiO2, with R including boron, aluminum, gallium, ferric iron, and tin. Electromotive-force measurements were made in sodium chloride, potassi…
The study examines oxidative dehydropolycondensation of substituted diacetylenes as a route to high molecular weight products containing conjugated acetylenic bonds, with particular attention to obtaining soluble polymers. The authors synthesized 9,10-diethynyl-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene …
This study examines how microporous structure develops during the thermal decomposition of saran, a vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride copolymer, as it is converted toward carbon. Samples heated to successive final temperatures were characterized by mass loss, interpreted mainly as hydrogen chlo…
This study examines the mechanism of propylene oxidation on copper catalysts using Koval’skii’s method of separate calorimetry, with particular attention to the temperature-dependent formation of carbon dioxide. Measurements of temperature differences between the catalyst surface, reactor volume, an…
This study examines how substituents affect the oxidation of the ferrocene nucleus to the ferricinium cation, using formal oxidation reduction potentials as a quantitative measure of electronic influence. Potentiometric titration with potassium dichromate in acetic acid and hydrochloric acid was app…
This paper analyzes how the diffuse double layer affects polarographic bulk catalytic hydrogen waves, particularly for pyridine systems in which protonation and regeneration reactions occur in solution rather than by adsorption at the electrode. The authors formulate transport and reaction equations…
This paper examines magnesium perchlorate as a catalyst for acetylating polyhydroxy compounds with acetic anhydride, motivated by limitations of conventional acid catalysts such as resinification and poor product formation in some substrates. The authors apply the method to hexitols, cyclitols, mono…
Rhenium LIII X-ray absorption spectra were measured for metallic rhenium and several ReII, ReIV, and ReVII coordination compounds to examine how absorption-edge shifts and fine structure reflect bonding, effective charge, and local coordination. The study analyzes photographic spectra near the absor…
This paper reports an unexpected route to gamma-trinitromethyl ketones during attempts to add nitroform to acetylene derivatives. Reactions of nitroform with vinylacetylene and butyne-2-diol-1,4 in the presence of divalent mercury and moisture gave carbonyl-containing products rather than the antici…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of polymerizable organothallium derivatives of acrylic, methacrylic, and p-vinylbenzoic acids. Diphenylthallium acrylate, diphenylthallium methacrylate, and diphenylthallium p-vinylbenzoate were prepared by reactions of diphenylthallium bromide w…
Dimethyldichlorogermane was examined as a germanium analogue of dimethyldichlorosilane in reactions with lithium in tetrahydrofuran, with attention to possible intermediate formation of dimethylgermylene. Depending on temperature, the reaction gave mainly dodecamethylcyclohexagermane or an insoluble…
This paper addresses the difficulty of obtaining pure stereoisomeric unbranched olefins whose boiling points are too close for efficient separation by ordinary rectification. The authors describe a preparative gas liquid chromatographic apparatus using a refractory brick support impregnated with a s…
The study examines how high pressure affects the vibrational absorption spectrum of chloroform, with particular attention to changes accompanying the transition from liquid to solid under compression. Using a high-pressure optical cell and infrared spectroscopy, the authors measured shifts and shape…
This paper examines the determination of beryllium in ores and beneficiation products using gamma radiation accompanying the alpha induced neutron reaction, rather than neutron counting or photonuclear methods. The authors argue that registering high energy gamma quanta from excited carbon nuclei fo…
This study examines the cationic activity of dialkylaluminum chloride in the polymerization of isoprene, isobutylene, butadiene, propylene, and styrene under varying solvents, temperatures, and cocatalyst conditions. Experiments show that in nonpolar solvents polymerization requires cocatalysts such…
This paper reexamines the preparation of organomagnesium compounds from alkyl halides and magnesium in the absence of ether, amines, or other conventional Grignard catalysts. The authors show that butyl and higher alkyl halides react readily with magnesium without solvent or in hydrocarbon media, of…
This study examines how aromatic amines protect polymethyl methacrylate from radiation-induced degradation and whether their action occurs through radical reactions or earlier energy or electron-transfer processes. Films containing several aromatic amines were irradiated with cobalt-60 gamma rays at…
This study examines gamma radiation induced synthesis of organosilicon and silicon fluoroorganic chlorosilane derivatives, compounds of practical importance but difficult to obtain by conventional routes. Mixtures of olefins, fluorinated olefins, benzene or chlorobenzene with hydrogen-containing chl…
This paper develops a physicochemical model for the hydration kinetics of Portland cement clinker minerals, treating hardening as the coupled dissolution of the initial binder and crystallization of hydration products from supersaturated solution. Using diffusion controlled mass transfer, the author…
The study examines complex formation of cobalt(II) in the aqueous system cobalt bromide, hydrobromic acid, and water, where prior data were limited. Electronic absorption spectra were measured for several crystalline cobalt(II) bromide and hydrate complexes, including octahedral and tetrahedral refe…
This study reports the synthesis of phosphorus-containing amides of acrylic and methacrylic acids from the corresponding acid chlorides and esters of alpha-aminoalkylphosphonic or alpha-aminoalkylthiophosphonic acids in ether with triethylamine. The resulting phosphono and thiophosphono amides were …
This paper examines mutual electronic influences among atoms and ligands in octahedral ruthenium nitroso complexes, with emphasis on the trans influence of the nitroso group and the reciprocal effect of ligands positioned opposite NO. Using thermogravimetric behavior, chemical transformations, infra…
This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of 2-ethylenimino-2-anisylindandione-1,3 as part of a systematic study of amino derivatives of indandione. The compound was prepared from 2-bromo-2-anisylindandione and ethylenimine in the presence of triethylamine, then converted by hydrohalic…
This study examines hydrogen adsorption and catalytic hydrogen deuterium isotopic exchange on germanium films prepared by vacuum evaporation and condensation at liquid nitrogen temperature. The authors measured film surface areas by krypton adsorption, determined hydrogen adsorption rates as a funct…
This study examines the preparation, structure, and properties of scandium carbide and scandium titanium carbide compositions, motivated by uncertainties in earlier reports on the existence and crystal form of ScC. Scandium oxide was reduced with carbon in vacuum under varied temperatures, charge co…
This paper determines Hammett substituent constants for the ethylenimine ring, whose usual evaluation from dissociation constants is hindered by instability in acidic media. Para- and meta-fluorophenylethylenimines were synthesized from the corresponding fluoroanilines, characterized analytically an…
This paper develops a theoretical treatment of how potential-dependent adsorption affects the irreversible electroreduction kinetics of neutral organic substances at electrodes. Using Frumkin’s adsorption theory at low surface coverage, the authors derive expressions for current and polarization beh…
This paper examines whether secondary ion emission mass spectrometry can be used to study elementary processes in heterogeneous catalysis, using ammonia decomposition on platinum as a test case. A platinum ribbon catalyst was bombarded with argon ions while mass spectra of secondary ions from the su…
This study examines quantum yields for iodine photodissociation in solution, with particular attention to recombination of iodine atoms in the solvent cage and to the possible influence of solvents that form complexes with atomic iodine. Quantum yields were measured at 436 mµ by trapping iodine atom…
This study examines how X-ray irradiation affects the anodic electrochemical oxidation of formic acid on a rotating platinum microelectrode in sulfuric acid solution. Polarographic measurements under varying formic acid concentrations, gas atmospheres, radiation doses, electrode shielding, and added…
This study examines how thermal and mechanical pretreatment of platinum affects ion adsorption from dilute sulfuric acid solution labeled with sulfur-35. Commercial platinum foil and wire were annealed in hydrogen, air, or nitrogen, or mechanically deformed by bending, stretching, and forging, and a…
The paper reports a complete isothermal study of equilibria in the five-component reciprocal aqueous system K, Na, Mg parallel Cl, SO4 from 0 to 100 degrees C. Using crystallization volumes in the composition prism, it maps the temperature-dependent regions of solid-phase separation for chlorides, s…
This paper examines the reactions of aqueous polyacrolein solutions with inorganic salts, a topic for which little prior information was available. The authors compare polyacrolein with polyvinyl alcohol and report precipitation, complex formation, coagulation, or reducing reactions with salts inclu…
This study examines phases and electrical properties in the niobium sulfur system, with particular attention to compositions not previously characterized electrically. Niobium sulfides were synthesized from purified niobium and sulfur by prolonged annealing in evacuated quartz ampoules, followed by …
This paper addresses limitations of conventional polarography for molten electrolytes, particularly changes in solid electrode surfaces during slow polarization and the difficulty of comparing cathodic and anodic processes. The authors propose and test an oscillopolarographic method using a prescrib…
This paper investigates the synthesis and structural characterization of nitrobutadiene and nitroaminobutadiene derivatives as model compounds relevant to the relation between nitroalkene structure and polymerization ability. The authors describe condensations of nitromalonaldehyde and nitroaminoacr…
This paper reexamines products previously assigned as methyldi-(diethylphosphon)-carbinol in reactions of acetophosphonic ester or vinyl acetate with diethylphosphorous acid. Using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, refractive index measurements, transesterification, and an independent synth…
This paper develops an adsorption isotherm for specifically adsorbed ions within a discrete model of the electrical double layer, where adsorbed ion centers are arranged on a regular hexagonal lattice in the inner region of a concentrated electrolyte. The authors derive relations between the potenti…
This paper addresses the classification of stable diagonals in the composition diagram of a septenary reciprocal salt system of type 16C, specifically the Li, Na, K, Rb halide system with iodide, bromide, chloride, and fluoride ions. It presents a tabular method for determining diagonal degrees in t…
This study examines the formation of cation radicals of aromatic amines during gamma radiolysis of frozen hydrocarbon glasses at liquid nitrogen temperature. Solutions of diphenylamine and triphenylamine in transparent isopentane and methylcyclohexane glasses were irradiated, and the resulting color…
This paper investigates the synthesis of alpha, omega dicyanoalkyltetramethyldisiloxanes and related carbofunctional organosilicon compounds as precursors to cyanoalkylsiloxane materials. The authors prepare these compounds by methylation of cyanoalkylchlorosilanes with methylmagnesium halides follo…
This study examines the structural and stereochemical course of lithium aluminum hydride reduction of 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydroanthraquinones, compounds relevant as intermediates toward 6-demethyltetracycline analogues. Selective partial reductions of unsubstituted, acetoxy, and benzyloxy diketones are d…
This paper analyzes phase transformations in binary alloys as the combined result of growth of a new phase and redistribution of components between coexisting phases. Using free energy expressions for a two-phase system, it derives equilibrium conditions for three limiting cases: diffusion-controlle…
The paper determines the crystal structure of hydroboracite, a hydrated calcium magnesium borate, using X-ray diffraction data from Weissenberg photographs and analysis of systematic extinctions and intensity statistics. The structure was solved in the monoclinic space group P2/c by Patterson method…
This study examines free radicals formed during gamma irradiation of cis- and trans-polyisoprenes and their relation to polymer cross-linking. Using electron paramagnetic resonance, the authors characterize radical spectra under vacuum, air exposure, and low-temperature irradiation, and measure radi…
The study examines the kinetics of ethylene oxidation by palladium salts in aqueous solution, using p-benzoquinone to reoxidize palladium and monitoring the quinone to hydroquinone ratio by an electromotive force method. Under conditions where palladium metal does not accumulate, the oxidation is fi…
