SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper examines temperature-dependent sorption of gases by synthetic type A sodium zeolite, with emphasis on molecules whose sizes are close to the window diameter of the zeolite cavities. The authors relate sorption onset to an activation barrier controlled by molecular kinetic energy, orientat…
This paper reexamines the rhenium and iron binary system, focusing on alloys containing 40 to 60 wt.% rhenium whose reported low-temperature phase relations appeared inaccurate. Using metallographic observation, X-ray diffraction after annealing and quenching treatments, density measurements, and ca…
The study examines whether singular features in the phase diagram of the indium antimony system, especially the congruently melting intermetallic compound indium antimonide, are reflected in the surface tension of corresponding melts. Surface tension was measured by the maximum pressure gas bubble m…
This paper examines how the mechanism of diene polymerization governs the configuration of the growing chain end and the resulting polymer microstructure. Comparing radical, cationic, anionic, and coordination-ionic processes for butadiene, isoprene, and chloroprene, the authors relate cis, trans, 1…
This study examines the reaction of triethylsilane with diacetylenic glycols in the presence of chloroplatinic acid, extending earlier work on hydrosilylation of acetylenic alcohols and glycols. Experiments with two dimethyl-substituted octadiyne and decadiyne diols show that triethylsilane adds to …
This study examines when radiation-induced polymerization of solid acrylonitrile and vinyl acetate actually occurs, distinguishing reactions during irradiation from possible post-polymerization during thawing, phase transitions, or melting. The authors irradiated purified monomers with 1.6 MeV elect…
Yttrium hydride was prepared by direct reaction of hydrogen with two yttrium metal samples of different purity, and hydrogen uptake was measured volumetrically with corrections for rare earth impurities. The study examines the effects of metal purity, pretreatment, temperature, and induction period …
This study measures the integral intensities of infrared absorption bands assigned to deformation vibrations of primary amino groups in aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic amines, chiefly in the 1600 to 1660 cm−1 region. Spectra of amine solutions in heptane, chloroform, and dioxane were recorde…
This paper analyzes the impedance of a simple electrochemical cell containing a binary electrolyte under weak sinusoidal polarization with a reversible electrode reaction. Using transport equations, Poisson’s equation, electroneutrality in the diffusion region, and a sharp separation between the dif…
This paper examines plasticization in filled polymers, a case not previously addressed in studies of polymer plasticizers. Using dilatometric measurements, it compares the glass-transition temperatures of polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate films filled with glass powder and containing varying a…
This paper investigates the preparation of mineral-organic ion-exchange sorbents intended to combine the surface and stability advantages of inorganic sorbents with the capacity and functionality of organic ion-exchange polymers. The authors use radiation-induced graft polymerization of styrene or a…
This paper examines the vapor phase catalytic dehydrogenation of 2,3-dihydrofuran homologs as a route to 2,4-dialkylfurans. The authors prepare the required dihydrofurans through a modified sequence from furfural derivatives, involving hydrogenation, acetylation, hydrogenolysis to gamma-keto acetate…
This study examines the mechanism of electroless nickel deposition from hypophosphite solutions, focusing on which hydrogen atoms in hypophosphite participate in the reduction of nickel ions. Using deuterium labeling, heavy water or deuterated hypophosphite, and mass spectrometric analysis of evolve…
Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra were measured for powdered coordination polymers based on methylene-bis-salicylaldimine derivatives containing Cu, Ni, Fe, Co, Zn, and Cd, with variation of the bridging group in the polymer chain. The study compares line positions, widths, and relative intens…
This study examines why false-equilibrium states arise during ion-exchange sorption of large organic ions, using methylene blue cations on sulfonic cation exchangers with different divinylbenzene contents. The authors measured sorption rates under diffusion-controlled conditions, calculated differen…
This paper investigates the distribution of electron density in indium antimonide, a III-V semiconductor with a sphalerite lattice, in order to clarify features of interatomic bonding related to its physical properties. Using X-ray diffraction measurements on zone-refined InSb powder, the authors de…
The study examines the telomerization of organocyclotrisiloxanes with dimethyldichlorosilane, extending a reaction previously known for dimethylcyclosiloxanes to hexaethyl, methylphenyl, and vinyl-substituted cyclosiloxanes. Reactions were carried out mainly in sealed glass ampoules at elevated temp…
This paper examines the tautomeric cations formed during salt formation of p-aminoazobenzene in sulfuric acid solutions, where the relative amounts of quinoid and ammonium ions vary with acid concentration. Using absorption spectra at wavelengths characteristic of the two forms, together with the li…
This study investigates the mechanism of peroxide oxidation of hydroxybenzaldehydes in the Dakin reaction using oxygen-18 labeling. Salicylaldehyde and methoxysalicylaldehyde were oxidized with labeled hydrogen peroxide, labeled water or alkali, and benzoyl hydroperoxide, and the isotope content of …
Allylcyclopentane was synthesized through a Grignard route and polymerized in the presence of the Ziegler type catalytic system TiCl4 plus triisobutylaluminum, mainly in heptane at 70°C. The study examined how polymer yield and properties depend on catalyst component ratio, catalyst aging, temperatu…
This paper examines the critical detonation diameter of uncased or weakly cased liquid explosives in light of observations that detonation fronts in transparent liquids such as nitromethane are spatially nonuniform. It argues that detonation propagation is governed not by a smooth shock front alone,…
This paper describes improved syntheses and reactions of 2-phenylperinaphthindandione-1,3 and several derivatives. The authors shorten the preparation of naphthalic acid from acenaphthene, obtain 2-phenylperinaphthindandione-1,3 directly from naphthalic acid in high yield, and prepare its bromo, chl…
This paper reexamines the proposed isotopic exchange of free organic radicals with molecular deuterium, a mechanism invoked to explain highly deuterated reaction products and apparent excess deuterium balances in reactions involving atomic hydrogen or deuterium and olefins. The authors compare earli…
This study examines how the nature of bonding in the carboxyl group affects primary radical formation during low temperature radiolysis of palmitic acid and its derivatives. Palmitic acid, potassium palmitate, and tripalmitin were irradiated with cobalt-60 gamma rays at minus 196 degrees Celsius, an…
The study examines the reactivity of chlorine atoms in chloroalkenethiocarbonates toward ammonia and substituted amines, with particular attention to whether substitution or ammonolysis of the thiocarbonate ring occurs. Experiments in aqueous ammonia and aqueous amine solutions showed that reaction …
The paper investigates the addition of dichlorocarbene to vinyl sulfides, focusing on vinylethyl sulfide and vinylphenyl sulfide as nucleophilic olefinic substrates. Dichlorocarbene, generated from chloroform and potassium tert-butoxide, was shown to form 1-ethylthio- and 1-phenylthio-2,2-dichlorocy…
A potentiometric method is described for the quantitative acid base analysis of salts and multicomponent mixtures of salts with acids or bases in methyl ethyl ketone, addressing limitations of aqueous titration caused by non-titratable salts and leveling effects. The procedure treats the sample with…
This study addresses the limited knowledge of aminohalide complexes of tetravalent rhenium, especially bromide analogues, by synthesizing pyridinium hexabromorhenate and using it as a precursor to rhenium dipyridinetetrabromide. Thermal analysis, decomposition experiments, elemental analysis, conduc…
This paper examines the thermodynamics of nonstoichiometric tungsten oxides in the composition range WO2.702 to WO2.976, where available data for variable-composition oxides were limited. The authors used an electromotive-force method with a calcia-stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte and an iron, …
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance was used to study the mobility and diffusion of water molecules in a natural single crystal of natrolite, a zeolite whose channels contain alternating sodium atoms and water molecules. Temperature-dependent spectra show a direct transition near 135 to 180 °C from a …
This study examines how induced radioactivity affects the electrode potentials and corrosion behavior of Armco iron and steel-2 in distilled water and in aqueous sodium nitrite and sodium benzoate inhibitor solutions. Neutron-irradiated samples containing Fe-59 were compared with inactive controls b…
This study examines the interconversion of 1-, 2-, and 5-methylcyclopentadienes, focusing on the hindered thermodynamic equilibrium among isomers differing in the positions of intracyclic double bonds. 5-Methylcyclopentadiene was obtained by low-temperature alkylation of cyclopentadienylmagnesium br…
This study examines the synthesis of organosilicon derivatives of furylcarbinols and substituted furfuryl alcohols, extending earlier work on furfuryloxysilanes. Trialkylchlorosilanes were reacted with furylalkyl and furylaryl carbinols in the presence of pyridine, and hydrosilanes were reacted with…
This paper examines the preparation of alkylmagnesium and arylmagnesium halides directly from halides and magnesium in hydrocarbon media without ether or other Grignard catalysts, addressing earlier conflicting reports that such reactions were slow or of little preparative value. The authors systema…
Ethylene polymerization was studied using the soluble organometallic catalytic system tetraphenyltin, aluminum chloride, and vanadium tetrachloride in cyclohexane at 65 °C under near atmospheric pressure. The work examines the behavior of this homogeneous catalyst, including the influence of compone…
This study examines how the shift of the point of zero charge and adsorption phenomena affect the electroreduction of anions on dropping thallium amalgam electrodes. Polarographic and differential capacitance measurements were made for peroxydisulfate, ferricyanide, and tetrachloroplatinate anions o…
This paper reports an experimental determination of the surface tension of molten neodymium, motivated by the absence of experimental data for testing theoretical estimates of lanthanide surface energies. Neodymium was purified by vacuum filtration to remove oxides, then measured under high vacuum u…
This paper examines how the composition of sodium calcium boroaluminosilicate glasses affects their ion exchange, electrode behavior, and acid properties. Using measurements of glass electrode potential as a function of solution pH, the authors determine exchange constants for several glass series a…
This paper addresses the limited characterization of aryl N-glycosides, especially N-galactosides and N-xylosides of substituted anilines, compounds relevant to studies of glycoside structure, stability, and possible biological or preparative applications. Using established Weygand and Sorokin synth…
This paper examines the mechanism of complex formation between azo derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline and divalent metal ions, especially Cu2+, Ni2+, and Co2+, in neutral and acidic media. Using physicochemical analysis, equilibrium measurements, electrophoresis, synthesis of a structurally constrain…
This paper reports the discovery and characterization of a new polymorphic modification of beryllium fluoride formed during investigation of the beryllium fluoride, zirconium fluoride system. A mixture containing 4 percent zirconium fluoride was prepared from ammonium fluoroberyllate and ammonium fl…
The paper reports the synthesis of the previously undescribed 1-dimethylamino-3-methylazetidin-2-one from methacrylic anhydride or methacryloyl chloride and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, alongside its isomer, methacrylic acid dimethylhydrazide. The two compounds are distinguished by melting point…
This paper investigates the acid decomposition of thiosulfate, a reaction known to produce sulfur, sulfur dioxide, polythionic acids, and traces of hydrogen sulfide, with emphasis on testing Davis’s proposed mechanism involving sulfane-monosulfonic acid intermediates. The authors decompose thiosulfa…
This study examines the semiconducting behavior of vanadium pentoxide and niobium pentoxide in solid and molten states through measurements of specific electrical conductivity, thermoelectromotive force, and the Hall constant. The authors calculate activation energies, carrier concentrations, mobili…
The paper examines the kinetics and mechanism of O-alkylation of 2-acetylmethylene-3-ethylbenzthiazoline, a reaction in which alkylation occurs at the carbonyl oxygen rather than at the ring nitrogen, possibly through a seven-membered activated complex. Reaction rates were measured for methyl iodide…
This study examines the mild oxidation of high molecular weight conjugated polyenes prepared by heterogeneous dehydrochlorination of polyvinyl chloride and perchlorovinyl with sodium amylate. The authors compare oxidation rates, oxygen uptake, electron paramagnetic resonance signals, conductivity ch…
This study examines the infrared spectra produced by adsorption of nitric oxide on synthetic zeolites of types A and X in sodium and calcium forms, with comparison to natural zeolites and to adsorbed nitrous oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Zeolite powders were vacuum treated, exposed to dosed NO, and me…
This study examines the polymerization of allylbenzene using a Ziegler-type catalytic system of titanium tetrachloride and triisobutylaluminum, with attention to catalyst ratio, temperature, reaction time, and polymer properties. Experiments in heptane under nitrogen showed an optimum aluminum to ti…
The paper addresses the preparative deacetylation of carbohydrate derivatives and related polyhydroxy compounds, motivated by limitations of conventional methods such as ammonia in methanol, which can require large solvent quantities and leave difficult impurities. It proposes boiling methanolic sol…
This study examines mechanochemical polymerization of solid methacrylamide during vibrational grinding in the presence of inorganic solids such as sodium chloride, barium sulfate, and silica. Experiments varying dispersion time, catalyst concentration, phase state, solvent conditions, inhibitors, an…
