SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines whether radicals formed during the destructive hydropolymerization of isobutylene can alkylate cyclohexene under hydrogen over a cobalt clay catalyst. Experiments at 190°C and atmospheric pressure compared cyclohexene with hydrogen, isobutylene with hydrogen, and ternary cyclohex…
This study examines the spatial configuration of stereoisomeric 1,4-diisopropylcyclohexanes, focusing on an apparent violation of the Auwers-Skita rule in which the lower-boiling isomer had previously been assigned the cis structure by Raman spectroscopy. To confirm this assignment synthetically, th…
This study examines how ash content affects the thermal decomposition and depolymerization of cotton cellulose and hydrate cellulose. Using highly de-ashed samples and measuring volatile products, levoglucosan yields, decomposition rates, and changes in degree of polymerization, the authors compare …
This paper investigates 1-(1′-haloferrocenyl)boronic acids as intermediates for preparing heteroannularly substituted ferrocene derivatives. Partial replacement of one boronic acid group in 1,1′-ferrocenylenediboronic acid with chlorine or bromine is achieved using cupric halides in a benzene, water…
This paper examines how hydrogen bonds, especially in molecules with pi-electron systems, affect electronic absorption and luminescence spectra. It argues that the hydrogen bond cannot be described only by dipole and acceptor-donor interactions, but in conjugated coplanar systems also includes pi-el…
This paper examines the nature of sigma phases in binary rhenium alloys with chromium, manganese, and iron, focusing on whether atomic ordering is present and how it relates to electronic structure. X-ray diffraction intensities for annealed single-phase alloys were compared with calculated intensit…
This study examines the preparation of higher aliphatic ketones by liquid phase dehydrogenation of industrial higher secondary alcohols over a skeletal nickel catalyst. The authors investigated reaction kinetics and the effects of temperature and pressure, finding that dehydrogenation proceeds rapid…
This paper reports preliminary experiments on how oxidizer particle size affects the layer-by-layer burning rate of heterogeneous solid mixtures based mainly on potassium perchlorate with plastic fuels such as bitumen, tar, and Plexiglas. Burning rates were measured in nitrogen under pressures up to…
This paper analyzes the mutual influence of chemisorbed particles on a crystal surface, especially its effect on the dependence of differential heats of adsorption on surface coverage. Using the localized-state method for molecules and crystals, it derives equations for adsorbate and adsorbent elect…
This paper examines relaxation processes in the critical region of demixing in binary liquid systems, where diffusion slows as the derivative of chemical potential with respect to composition vanishes. Using Onsager’s hypothesis, thermodynamic expansion near the critical point, diffusion equations, …
The paper examines the origin of minor polyphenyl byproducts formed during the reaction of benzoyl peroxide with benzene, focusing on discrepancies between predicted and observed isotopic compositions of diphenyl, terphenyl, and quaterphenyl. Using radiocarbon-labeled benzene, benzoyl peroxide, diph…
This study examines allylic bromination with N-bromosuccinimide in several cyclohexene derivatives accessible from diene condensation, with attention to subsequent dehydrobromination and functional substitution. Bromination of an unsaturated cyclohexene aldehyde gave an unstable bromoaldehyde whose …
This paper reports the synthesis of selected 8,9-pentamethylenepurines as structural analogues of biologically important purines such as adenine, guanine, kinetin, and 6-mercaptopurine. After unsuccessful attempts to condense uramil with O-methylcaprolactim, the authors developed a route based on co…
This study compares homogeneous acid catalysts and oxide heterogeneous catalysts for alkylating phenol with isobutylene, chiefly to form p-tert-butylphenol. Experiments at atmospheric pressure used a phenol to isobutylene molar ratio of 1:1, with product distributions and catalyst performance measur…
The study determines the crystal structure of metatorbernite, Cu[(UO2)(PO4)]2 · 8H2O, using X-ray diffraction data from selected plate crystals whose composition was confirmed chemically. Rotation and layer-line photographs established a tetragonal unit cell with a = 6.95 Å and c = 17.26 Å, two form…
This study examines complex formation of trace yttrium and cerium ions with a homologous series of aliphatic alpha-hydroxy acids, motivated by their use in chromatographic separation of rare earth elements. Using carrier-free radioisotopes, KU-2 cation exchange resin, and static distribution measure…
This study examines cyclopentenedione-1,3 as a dienophile for diene synthesis aimed at constructing polycyclic systems relevant to hydrindanone stereochemistry and steroid-related structures. The compound was prepared by oxidation of cyclopentenediols with chromic anhydride in acetic acid, then cond…
This study examines whether copper compounds of niobic and tantalic acids prepared from oxides of different valence states form identical products or distinct valence isomers. The authors synthesized CuNbO3 and CuTaO3 by vacuum sintering Cu2O with pentoxides and CuO with dioxides, then characterized…
This study examines the formation of tantalum iodides from elemental tantalum and iodine and the properties of tantalum deposited by thermal dissociation of these iodides. Using evacuated quartz ampoules, thermographic measurements with differential thermocouples, chemical analysis, and X-ray diffra…
This study examines model routes for constructing the BA ring system of tetracyclines, focusing on cyclohexane derivatives bearing functional groups suitable for later elaboration into tetracycline analogs. Using 1,2-dibromocyclohexane and related cyclohexenylacetic acid derivatives, the authors pre…
This paper reports addition reactions of acetylenecarboxylic acids and their esters with arylsulfinic acids, cyclic thioamides, and cyclic secondary amines, motivated by the reactivity analogy between acetylenedicarboxylic acid derivatives and benzoquinone. Heating acetylenedicarboxylic acid or its …
Cyclopentene-4-dione-1,3, the simplest analogue of indandione-1,3, was prepared by a modified procedure involving direct conversion of 3,5-dibromocyclopentene-1 with silver chromate, and its chemical behavior and spectra were examined. The compound was shown to form a dioxime, condense with p-nitrob…
This paper describes the preparation of pure 6-alkyltetralins needed as standards for infrared spectroscopic analysis of tetralin alkylation products, addressing the difficulty of separating isomeric mixtures formed by direct Friedel-Crafts alkylation. The authors synthesized normal 6-amyltetralin, …
This paper reports the preparation and reactions of ferrocenylmethyllithium, generated by lithium cleavage of the methyl ether of ferrocenylcarbinol in tetrahydrofuran under nitrogen. It also describes a convenient acid-catalyzed synthesis of methyl, ethyl, and benzyl ethers of ferrocenylcarbinol fr…
This paper reexamines the structures assigned to monomeric arseno compounds, especially arsenobenzene, in light of inconsistent molecular weight determinations and the tendency of such compounds to polymerize or oxidize. The authors prepare crystalline arsenobenzene and determine its structure by X-…
The paper examines contact transformations of cyclooctane over 5 percent platinized carbon at 310°C, motivated by questions about transannular reactions in medium rings and earlier unconfirmed claims for cyclooctane conversion. Cyclooctane was passed over the catalyst with and without hydrogen, and …
This paper investigates substitution reactions of ferricinium salts, focusing on the difficulty of electrophilic substitution and the tendency of many nucleophiles or bases to reduce ferricinium cations to ferrocene. The authors show that cyanation can be achieved with liquid hydrocyanic acid in dry…
This study examines liquid-phase oxidation of naphthenic hydrocarbons with normal side chains in the presence of boric acid, extending earlier work on paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons. The authors synthesized n-amylcyclohexane, n-heptylcyclohexane, and n-nonylcyclohexane, oxidized them under con…
This paper proposes a quantitative spectral method for determining small rare-earth-element impurities in purified rare-earth preparations without the use of calibration standards. The method uses two comparison lines of the matrix element to eliminate the effect of arc plasma temperature from the a…
The paper examines the electronic structure of chromocene in relation to ferrocene and dibenzenechromium, focusing on how metal and ligand orbital energies affect donor-acceptor and dative bonding in aromatic metal complexes. Using a generalized self-consistent molecular orbital method for radicals,…
This paper addresses the problem of defining a single physically meaningful quantity that characterizes the type of electronic configuration of neutral atoms across the periodic system. Using the rule of successive filling of groups classified by the sum of the principal and orbital quantum numbers,…
This study examines how oxygen and water vapor affect the electrical conductivity of polycrystalline zinc oxide sensitized with erythrosin under illumination in both the intrinsic absorption region and the visible sensitization region. Conductivity measurements in humid air, dry air, vacuum, and aft…
This paper examines the mechanism by which palladium salts react with olefins in hydroxyl-containing solvents, with particular attention to whether decomposition of palladium olefin complexes proceeds through hydroxyalkyl or vinyl intermediates. The authors compare reactions of ethylene palladium ch…
This study examines the mechanism of cesium ion thermionic emission from aluminosilicate ion exchangers, focusing on the role of chemical interaction between the emitter and metallic substrate or added powders. Experiments on a mass spectrometer compared purified platinum, tantalum, and platinum wit…
This study examines how modifying additives alter the activity and selectivity of zinc oxide in the dehydrogenation and dehydration of isopropyl alcohol. Zinc oxide samples containing sodium oxide, lithium oxide, or zinc sulfate were compared using catalytic kinetics, adsorption and desorption measu…
This study examines how minority carriers affect the anodic dissolution of n-type electronic germanium, focusing on the current multiplication coefficient associated with hole participation at the germanium, electrolyte interface. Using a thin germanium disk with a p-n junction to inject holes, the …
The paper examines how inorganic and organic cations influence the polarographic reduction of indium ions at a dropping mercury electrode in chloride media. Polarization curves were measured for solutions containing alkali, alkaline earth, lanthanum, and tetraalkylammonium cations, and chloride comp…
The study examines cleavage of the siloxane bond in hexamethyldisiloxane by titanium tetrachloride and the formation of trimethylsiloxy chlorotitanium derivatives. Experiments show that at 120 to 200°C titanium tetrachloride reacts with hexamethyldisiloxane to give trimethylchlorosilane and trimethy…
The study examines isotopic exchange between diaryliodonium borofluorides and aryl iodides labeled with iodine-131, based on the expected formation and reactivity of aryl cations during thermal decomposition of iodonium salts. Radioactive aryl iodides and several diaryliodonium borofluorides were pr…
This study examines the synthesis and reactivity of functionalized beta-keto acetals, focusing on ethylene acetals of alpha-bromoaroylacetaldehydes. The compounds were prepared by bromination of aroylacetaldehyde ethylene acetals and then subjected to substitution reactions with iodide, thiocyanate,…
This study examines the dissolution of barium sulfate labeled with radioactive barium, radioactive sulfur, or both indicators, in order to assess how specific activity affects measured solubility and dissolution kinetics. Preparations were synthesized from hot barium chloride and sodium sulfate solu…
This study reports initial experiments on the copolymerization of ethylene with propylene and alpha-butylene using a chromium oxide catalyst supported on industrial aluminosilicate. Polymerizations were conducted in purified gasoline solvent under pressure, followed by isolation and comparison of th…
This study examines the constitution of nickel, aluminum, and molybdenum alloys, motivated by the lack of a reliable ternary phase diagram for heat-resistant Ni-based systems. Alloys in the Ni, NiAl, and Mo composition range were melted, homogenized, quenched after heat treatments, and analyzed by c…
The paper addresses the anomalously low detonation velocities observed in some liquid explosives, such as nitroglycerin and methyl nitrate, which cannot be explained by ordinary shock heating alone. It proposes that a shock-induced crystallization zone forms behind the shock front, altering the ther…
This study examines the nature of chemical bonding in isomorphous crystals of aluminum, chromium, and cobalt acetylacetonates using X-ray diffraction. The authors determined mean interatomic distances and valence angles through difference projections, three-dimensional electron-density sections, and…
This study examines whether free n-propyl radicals can isomerize in solution, contrary to earlier conclusions based on peroxide decompositions in carbon tetrachloride. The authors thermally decomposed alpha carbon-14 labeled n-butyryl peroxide in boiling carbon tetrachloride, converted the resulting…
This paper addresses the structural study of linseed oil glycerides, whose acid composition was known but whose positional arrangement of saturated and unsaturated residues could not be determined from existing distribution theories. The authors synthesized a series of triglycerides corresponding to…
This study examines how fluorine-containing substituents affect electron density distribution in fluorobenzenes, using fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts measured relative to unsubstituted fluorobenzene. The authors compare shifts for ortho, meta, and para substituted compounds w…
This study examines the mechanism of acetylene hydration in the Kucherov reaction using deuterium labeling. Ordinary acetylene was hydrated in heavy water solutions, and deuterated acetylene in ordinary water, with isotopic analysis of the resulting acetaldehyde and its oxidation product, acetate, t…
This study examines geometrical and rotational isomerism in substituted 1,3-dienes using Raman spectra, with comparison to known infrared and chemical behavior. The authors analyze double-bond vibration frequencies in cis and trans 1-chlorobutadiene, piperylene, chloroprene, isoprene, and 2,3-dimeth…
