SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 402 papers
The study examines how anodic and cathodic polarization affect the mechanical properties of annealed steel-3 during tensile deformation in sulfuric acid, caustic soda, and sodium chloride electrolytes. Using a modified tensile testing machine, specimens were ruptured under controlled external curren…
This study investigates how stresses are distributed and change during fracture in several polymers, using high speed cinematography in polarized light to visualize birefringence in deformed transparent specimens. Polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, and vulcanized natural rubber films were stretc…
This paper examines the recrystallization behavior of cast tantalum subjected to cold rolling and subsequent vacuum annealing, addressing the lack of published recrystallization data for tantalum produced by casting. Arc-melted tantalum specimens were forged, annealed, cold rolled to varying reducti…
This paper examines whether an eight-component nickel alloy system containing chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, titanium, aluminum, and carbon can be treated as a quasibinary equilibrium between a six-component nickel solid solution and titanium carbide. Guided by carbide formation heats, the…
This paper investigates the pseudobinary AlSb, GaSb section of the Al, Sb, Ga ternary system, addressing earlier reports that the components form a eutectic system with negligible mutual solid solubility. Alloys of selected compositions were prepared and examined by thermal analysis, microstructure,…
This paper examines brittle fracture in high-purity zinc single crystals under two embrittling conditions: low temperature in an inactive medium and room-temperature deformation in the presence of mercury as a surface-active medium. Using uniaxial tension tests on crystals with varied basal-plane or…
This paper proposes a classification of phase diagrams for ternary metallic systems based on titanium, extending previously established principles of titanium interactions in binary systems. Using factors such as chemical nature, periodic position, atomic radii, crystal lattice type, and known binar…
This paper develops a dislocation-based criterion for crystal deformability that connects adsorption effects with transitions between plastic flow and brittle fracture. Using dislocation pile-up models, activation barriers, and Griffith-type crack conditions, it defines a parameter measuring whether…
This study examines whether the logarithmic dependence of hydrogen solubility on pressure, previously observed in the palladium-hydrogen system at high lattice fillings, also applies to niobium-hydrogen and tantalum-hydrogen systems. Hydrogen solubility was measured at 620 to 680°C over pressures up…
This study examines the origin of green and orange-red manganese luminescence in cadmium-lithium orthosilicate phosphors, addressing whether the two emissions arise from separate crystalline phases or from different centers within one phase. A series of manganese-activated compositions with varying …
This paper examines how low-melting metallic coatings affect the creep of zinc single crystals under constant tensile stress. Zinc single-crystal wires were coated electrolytically with thin films of tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys, and steady-state creep rates were measured from room temperature to a…
This study examines how atomic concentrations of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten affect the properties of nickel solid solutions. Using physicochemical analysis, the authors measured lattice parameters, electrical resistivity, hardness at room and elevated temperatures, and heat resistance under …
This paper estimates interatomic interaction energies in iron chromium alloys and uses them to construct a metastable phase diagram for the system. New measurements of the alpha to gamma transformation, based on electrical resistivity changes in high purity alloys without prolonged high temperature …
The study examines the kinetics of ion exchange at interfaces between liquid metals and molten slags, focusing on iron alloys and silver in oxide melts. Using measured diffusion and reaction resistances, the authors estimate diffusion coefficients, exchange currents, double-layer capacitances, and a…
This paper examines the form in which silicon exists in liquid iron, a question important for understanding metallic melts and metallurgical processes. The authors measure the magnetic susceptibility of liquid iron-silicon alloys containing 0 to 60 wt.% silicon at 1600°C using the Faraday method, an…
This study examines the polymorphism of pure N-ethyl-3,4-dinitropyrrole over the temperature range from minus 100 degrees Celsius to its melting point using differential thermal analysis and dilatometric measurements. The authors identify three reversibly interconverting modifications, with transiti…
This paper reports an x-ray spectroscopic study of the fine structure of titanium K-absorption spectra in Ti-C alloys containing 12 to 24 wt. percent carbon. Using a focusing x-ray tube spectrograph and photographic registration, the authors compare absorption edges and long-wavelength absorption ba…
This paper examines the activation energy of diffusional creep in disordered substitutional metallic solid solutions, treating creep as the result of vacancy-mediated self-diffusion under an applied stress. It derives expressions linking the creep activation energy to component self-diffusion coeffi…
This paper reports the preparation of ferrite single crystals by the Verneuil method in an oxygen-hydrogen flame, addressing the need for larger single crystals than those previously available from melt-solution growth. Charges were prepared by calcining ferric ammonium alum with sulfate salts of di…
This paper investigates the predicted triclinic modification of polyethylene, motivated by packing theory for long-chain paraffin-type molecules and by the small free-energy difference between orthorhombic and triclinic arrangements. Structurally well-formed polyethylene samples prepared by several …
This study examines how the concentration of aluminum naphthenate oleogels in decalin affects maximum limiting rupture deformation and the corresponding structural strength. Using deformation curves measured with a complex elastoviscosimeter for 2 to 20 percent gels, the authors determine the maximu…
This paper examines how annealing can alter, and under some conditions increase, the microinhomogeneity of aluminum and magnesium based alloys. Using autoradiography with radioactive tracers and quantitative microinhomogeneity coefficients derived from photometric analysis, the authors study Al, Fe,…
This paper examines how thin oxide films and adsorption-active aqueous media affect the creep of polycrystalline copper wire under constant load below the yield point. Experiments on annealed electrolytic copper wire compare deformation in air, distilled water, hydrogen- or air-purged water, hydroge…
This study addresses the preparation of silicate glasses in which rubidium or cesium is the sole alkali component, motivated by their relevance to ion exchange at glass, solution interfaces and to glass electrode behavior. The authors varied borosilicate compositions to overcome high melting viscosi…
This study examines how preliminary neutron irradiation affects the stability of austenite and the subsequent martensitic transformation in several carbon steels and carbon-free iron, nickel, manganese alloys. Specimens were irradiated in a heavy-water reactor for 100 or 200 hours, then analyzed by …
This study examines the relative importance of electrostatic and diffusion mechanisms in the adhesion of polymer pairs and polymer contacts with glass, metal, and filled rubbers. Using roller adhesiometry in vacuum and air, measurements of work of separation, electron emission, residual surface char…
This paper examines the phase composition of nickel-boron alloys containing 0.01 to 2.5 percent boron, with particular attention to the nickel-rich boride reported as Ni3B. The authors used metallographic observation, chemical and electrolytic isolation of precipitated phases, chemical analysis, and…
This paper examines the role of hydrogenation in the corrosion fatigue of steel, especially under high cyclic stress amplitudes where failure occurs before substantial general corrosion can develop. Building on adsorption and electrochemical interpretations of corrosion fatigue, it argues that hydro…
This study examines the relationship between microstructure and stress corrosion susceptibility in magnesium alloys of the Mg-Al-Zn-Mn type, focusing on the role of aluminum and the formation of supersaturated solid solutions and Mg4Al3 precipitates. Using an extruded Mg, 8 percent Al alloy as a mod…
This paper investigates how uniaxial pressure affects the crystal structure of polycrystalline barium titanate at room temperature, motivated by known pressure-dependent changes in its dielectric behavior and Curie temperature. Using an ionization X-ray diffraction method with a specially constructe…
This study examines how relative high-temperature strength depends on composition in the Cu-Ni-Si ternary system, focusing on the role of phases coexisting with the copper-based solid solution. Binary Cu-Ni and Cu-Si alloys and ternary alloys along six radial sections were tested by long-time hardne…
This study examines the microscopic redistribution of small amounts of carbon in low-carbon iron alloys separately alloyed with chromium, nickel, silicon, and molybdenum. Using autoradiography with carbon-14 introduced by isotopic exchange, the authors compare carbon distributions after annealing, q…
This study examines the effect of very high graphite loading on the mechanical strength, heat resistance, and thermal conductivity of plastics based chiefly on Bakelite resin and polyvinyl chloride. Samples with varying graphite contents were prepared from resin solutions and graphite powder, presse…
This study examines the electrical conductivity and thermoelectric behavior of chromium silicides and silicon-rich chromium alloys in order to assess their possible semiconductor properties. Alloys were prepared from refined chromium and silicon, annealed, and characterized by X-ray diffraction and …
This paper examines whether complete particle size distribution analysis can be obtained from X-ray diffraction line profiles for highly dispersed graphite powders and colloidal preparations produced by vibratory grinding. Using harmonic analysis of diffraction line shapes, corrected by Stokes’ meth…
This study constructs a recrystallization diagram for first-grade molybdenum in order to relate grain size to cold deformation and annealing temperature, a relationship important for improving ductility through control of microstructure. Vacuum arc-cast, carbon-deoxidized molybdenum was forged, anne…
This paper examines narrow X-ray diffraction lines observed in cokes and other carbonaceous substances calcined at 1700 to 1800 degrees, lines that had sometimes been attributed to a special graphite modification or to the onset of graphitization. Comparing line positions with graphite spacings and …
This paper examines how small additions of alloying elements affect the self-diffusion of solvent atoms in solid silver alloys, focusing on Ag-Cu and Ag-Sn systems. Using the thin-layer method for diffusion measurements and isotope-exchange measurements of thermodynamic characteristics, the authors …
This study examines the high-temperature strength of nickel alloys in binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary systems containing elements of limited solubility such as titanium, chromium, tungsten, aluminum, and niobium. Using centrifugal testing at 800 degrees under varied stresses, the authors co…
This paper examines how thin mercury coatings affect the tensile strength and plasticity of metallic single crystals at room temperature. Zinc, tin, cadmium, and lead single crystals were coated with a uniform mercury film and tested in tension, with particular attention to stress, elongation, crack…
This study determines heterodiffusion coefficients in Cu, Ni, Fe, and Cr alloy systems using an X-ray method applied to electrolytically coated metal disks and films. Specimens were prepared with distorted nonequilibrium lattices, with preliminarily annealed equilibrium components, or with mixed ini…
This study refines the phase relations in the tungsten, boron system using hot-pressed and annealed alloys examined by chemical, microhardness, metallographic, and X-ray methods. Alloys with nominal compositions from very low boron content to boron-rich preparations were analyzed to identify phase f…
This paper investigates the nature and properties of intercrystallite boundaries in natural polycrystalline gypsum dihydrate, a nonmetallic material relevant to building practice. Using polarizing microscopy of thin sections, acid etching, dye adsorption, in situ heating, fracture observation, and c…
This study examines how temperature and prolonged constant shear loads affect the elastic, recoverable, and viscoplastic behavior of thermosetting plastics based on phenol-formaldehyde and aniline-formaldehyde resins. Cylindrical molded specimens were tested under controlled stresses, temperatures, …
This study examines the origin of curved, wavy glide lines formed during plastic deformation of silver chloride crystals, a material whose mechanical behavior is closely analogous to that of metals. Polycrystalline plates, recrystallized from pressed and rolled single crystals, were stretched while …
This study examines how additions of Mn, Si, Cu, Mo, Cr, V, and W affect ordering transformations in ternary solid solutions based on Ni3Fe. Using electrical resistivity measurements, thermal expansion curves, and thermomagnetic heating and cooling data after quenching and prolonged stepwise heat tr…
This study examines how adsorption of gases and vapors affects the greenish-yellow luminescence of zinc oxide. Luminescence intensity was measured under brief and continuous ultraviolet illumination in order to distinguish dark adsorption effects from light-induced changes of the surface. Water vapo…
This study examines regularities in the titanium X-ray K-emission spectra of titanium oxides and titanates, with particular attention to whether satellite lines arise from cross transitions involving anion electrons and how their intensities depend on local polarization. Using a focusing X-ray tube …
This study examines the unresolved structure of spheroidal graphite inclusions in magnesium treated cast iron, a material whose mechanical properties depend strongly on graphite morphology. The authors use electron microscopy of quartz replicas from undeformed isolated graphite surfaces, together wi…
Viscosity and electrical resistivity measurements were used to examine short-range structural features in liquid alloys of several binary systems, including Cd-Sb, Cd-Cu, Pb-Tl, Bi-Tl, Sb-Sn, and Fe-Ni. A combined torsional-oscillation and rotating-magnetic-field apparatus allowed both properties to…
