SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper reports experiments on cooperative sensitization of luminescence in silver halide salts and photographic emulsions treated with dye sensitizers. Low-temperature excitation spectra show that short-wavelength silver halide luminescence can be produced by red and infrared light absorbed in t…
The problem of electromagnetic field diffraction by a spheroid is solved. The source of the primary field is a magnetic dipole located on the polar axis of the spheroid. The dipole moment is directed at a right angle to the axis; the spheroid is perfectly conducting. The solution to the problem is r…
The paper examines the Green’s function formulation of the Ising ferromagnet and its relation to Bogolyubov’s statistical variational principle. Using temperature perturbation theory for Pauli operators, it shows that the variational approximation corresponds to summing a restricted class of diagram…
This paper analyzes the stochastic destruction of magnetic surfaces in a stellarator, focusing on resonant perturbations of magnetic field lines and the limits of stabilization by nonlinear rotational transform. Using Hamiltonian field-line equations reduced to a discrete mapping, it derives estimat…
This paper analyzes the nonlinear evolution of drift waves in an inhomogeneous plasma with a density gradient transverse to the magnetic field. Using hydrodynamic ion equations, quasineutrality, and a Boltzmann electron response, it derives a simple Riemann-wave solution showing that the wave phase …
This paper investigates transient relaxation processes associated with anomalously large photovoltages in cadmium telluride films, a phenomenon previously studied mainly under steady state conditions. The authors model the films as multi-element structures containing many micro p-n junctions, derive…
This paper derives equations for the radiation dynamics of solid-state optical quantum generators in which multiple standing-wave resonator modes interact nonlinearly with a two-level active medium. Starting from a quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian, the authors introduce relaxation, pumping, and linewi…
The paper investigates anomalous dependences of the critical current of superconducting niobium based alloy wires on magnetic field and temperature, comparing short wire coil specimens with solenoids made from the same material. Measurements on binary niobium titanium and ternary niobium zirconium t…
The paper generalizes an approximate method for electromagnetic wave propagation in irregular waveguides from perfectly conducting walls to the case of impedance boundary conditions. It formulates the Maxwell boundary value problem for a transition section with anisotropic filling and finite wall co…
This paper gives a statistical derivation of the radiative transfer equation for a scalar wave field in a medium modeled as an ensemble of uncorrelated point isotropic scatterers. Starting from Foldy-type equations for the configuration-averaged field and field correlation, it applies a WKB approxim…
This paper presents a computational algorithm for refining the trajectory and momentum parameters of a charged particle in a liquid hydrogen bubble chamber, allowing for magnetic field inhomogeneity and, when necessary, momentum loss by slowing down. The method starts from a helical approximation, r…
This paper investigates short-range interaction potentials for H and He atoms and hydrogen molecules, motivated by their role in calculating gas transport properties and testing quantum-mechanical interaction calculations. Effective total elastic scattering cross sections were measured for fast neut…
This paper derives the inviscid two-fluid hydrodynamic equations for London superconductors from microscopic nonequilibrium equations for normal and anomalous correlation functions in the generalized Hartree-Fock approximation. By separating gauge-dependent phase factors, introducing the superfluid …
The paper examines how Petrov’s classification can be extended to four-dimensional complex metric spaces by mapping the metric and curvature tensors to a complex bivector space and studying the elementary divisors of the associated lambda matrix. It argues that real metric subspaces generated from t…
This paper examines the formation of hydrocarbon contamination on surfaces irradiated in vacuum by narrow electron beams, questioning explanations based mainly on beam-induced heating. It develops a diffusion model in which electron irradiation lowers the concentration of adsorbed hydrocarbon molecu…
This paper models energy exchange when atoms with incident energies of about 1 to 20 eV interact with the surface of an ideal crystal, treating the process classically and neglecting thermal motion, sputtering, and ionization. Simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and face-centered cubic crystals are r…
This paper examines the propagation of electromagnetic waves in general relativity using exterior differential forms for Maxwell’s vacuum equations on a hyperbolic Riemannian space-time. It derives the generalized wave equation for the electromagnetic 2-form and relates curvature terms in this equat…
The paper examines the use of noncompact and non-fully antisymmetric group structures in the geometric theory of gauge fields, extending earlier formulations that effectively relied on locally compact groups with totally antisymmetric structure constants. It analyzes the one-dimensional analogue of …
The paper examines how incoherent electron scattering by an object affects the visibility of interference fringes produced with an electrostatic Fresnel biprism. Using Michelson visibility and a two-beam interference model, the authors represent the transmitted electron beam as a superposition of co…
This paper examines the structure and field-induced orientation of nematic n-azoxyanisole using X-ray diffraction and cylindrical distribution functions derived by Fourier transformation. The authors compare specimens oriented in magnetic fields, constant electric fields, and alternating electric fi…
This paper studies self-similar asymptotic solutions of the diffusion equation for an ionized gas with bimolecular recombination in infinite domains, focusing on planar and spherical symmetry. For the planar case, the authors reduce the problem to an ordinary differential equation for the similarity…
This paper addresses the measurement of magnetostriction in very thin ferromagnetic films, a quantity important for understanding internal stresses, anisotropy, and magnetization processes in film materials. The authors develop an interferometric method using nickel films deposited on both sides of …
The paper investigates anisotropy in angular scattering and the structure of energy spectra for alkali ions scattered from single crystal tungsten surfaces, with emphasis on the [100] face. Using an electrostatic analyzer with improved resolution, the authors measure energy distributions of secondar…
This paper proposes that the Einstein gravitational action may arise from changes in the action of quantum vacuum fluctuations when spacetime is curved, rather than being a fundamental postulate. By expanding the vacuum Lagrangian density in powers of curvature, the argument identifies the term line…
This paper addresses radiative diffusion in media whose scattering indicatrix is strongly elongated in the forward direction, a case relevant to dusty nebulae, planetary atmospheres, and water. It proposes an approximate reduction of the integro-differential radiative transfer equation to a second-o…
The paper examines the stability of transverse motion of a charged particle in a spatially homogeneous, cylindrically symmetric magnetic field whose strength is sinusoidally modulated in time, including the associated induction electric field near the cylinder axis. The equations of motion are trans…
The paper addresses the definition of gravitational energy in general relativity under Zelmanov’s chronometric invariance, arguing that observable energy should be invariant under admissible time transformations and transform appropriately under spatial coordinate changes. Using Noether’s theorem fo…
This paper examines multiple collisions in the scattering of keV noble gas ions by crystalline and polycrystalline metal surfaces, focusing on how double-scattering peaks can shape measured energy spectra. Experiments with neon, argon, and krypton ions scattered from nickel and copper crystals, with…
The paper develops an asymptotic calculation of retarded Green’s functions for a superfluid Bose system in the viscous hydrodynamic approximation at small wave number and frequency. External scalar, vector, and particle-source fields are introduced into the Hamiltonian, allowing hydrodynamic variabl…
This paper investigates ionization instability in a weakly ionized argon and cesium plasma subjected to crossed electric and magnetic fields, where anisotropic conductivity can amplify density and conductivity fluctuations. The authors combine linear stability estimates with pulsed discharge experim…
This paper examines how cooperative molecular motion in liquids affects the intermolecular, translational contribution to nuclear magnetic relaxation times. It replaces the usual independent relative diffusion model with a Smoluchowski equation containing a hydrodynamic interaction tensor, then eval…
The paper examines proposed routes to high critical temperature superconductivity based on an electronic, excitonic attraction mechanism rather than phonon exchange. It argues that spatially separating a thin conducting region from a highly polarizable nonmetallic medium could enhance this mechanism…
This paper develops electrodynamic equations for two-band superconductors, including both pure systems and systems with impurities, using temperature Green functions derived from a two-band Hamiltonian. By expanding the resulting integral equations for small order parameters, it obtains Ginzburg-Lan…
This paper experimentally examines the range over which Bouguer’s law can describe the attenuation of narrow collimated light beams in scattering media, a question important for optical quantum generator applications in communication and transmission systems. Using gas and ruby lasers, collimated th…
This study examines the hyperfine structure of the electron paramagnetic resonance line with g approximately 4.3 for Mn2+ impurities in chalcogenide glasses based on Tl, As, and S, Se, or Te. EPR measurements at room temperature, 77 K, and 4.2 K show that the line is a superposition of six hyperfine…
This paper examines holographic image reconstruction when a hologram is recorded without a separate reference beam. Treating the object first as a discrete set of coherently radiating points and then as a continuous brightness distribution, the authors show that plane-wave reconstruction yields an i…
This paper examines the origin of anomalous visible-light scattering in submicron-inhomogeneous sodium silicate and sodium borosilicate glasses, especially wavelength exponents greater than the Rayleigh value and backward-elongated scattering indicatrices. The authors compare two explanations, inter…
A representation of Hertz vectors (electric or magnetic) and their corresponding electromagnetic fields $\mathbf E$ and $\mathbf H$, generated by arbitrarily oriented dipoles (electric or magnetic, respectively) in the presence of a perfectly conducting half-plane, has been obtained in terms of Macd…
This study examines nonstationary current flow in metal, dielectric, metal structures using single crystal cadmium sulfide samples with indium electrodes. Measurements of time dependent current, current voltage characteristics, and discharge current show that below a threshold voltage the current de…
A plane chain model is developed for the reflection of fast argon ions from a copper single crystal at grazing incidence, focusing on successive collisions with atoms in a surface chain. The calculation follows elastic and inelastic energy losses over several small-angle and large-angle deflections,…
The paper examines the divergences of vector and axial currents in the presence of electromagnetic and weak interactions, motivated by the relation between current algebra and proposed divergence hypotheses. Using a quark model with minimal electromagnetic coupling, universal weak interactions, and …
This paper analyzes how radiation damping changes the angular and energy distribution of an ultrarelativistic charged particle flux passing through a plane parallel layer of uniform magnetic field. Using the damping law for transverse velocity and a finite traversal time set by the longitudinal velo…
This paper studies the irreversible evolution of a finite fermionic dynamical system weakly coupled to a thermostat with infinitely many degrees of freedom. For a quadratic Hamiltonian model previously treated by an approximate Bogolyubov-type kinetic equation, the density matrix of the small system…
The paper develops a potential-based method for boundary-value problems in the electrodynamics of homogeneous gyrotropic media, illustrated for a plasma in a magnetic field with a tensor permittivity of gyrotropic form. Starting from Maxwell’s equations expressed through vector and scalar electrodyn…
This note proposes a formulation of quantum theory based on functionals associated with states, intended to encompass vectors from inequivalent representations of canonical commutation or anticommutation relations without relying on a Hilbert space framework. It defines the relevant functionals for …
This paper develops a method for determining the energy spectrum of collision cascades of identical particles in a retarding medium, with attention to secondary atom-atom and electron-electron processes relevant to radiation effects in solids. The authors formulate an integral equation for the total…
The paper studies the large time behavior of the Cauchy, Poisson problem for an ideal incompressible fluid of finite depth subjected to a time harmonic surface pressure of compact spatial support. Using a Laplace transform in time and Fourier analysis in the horizontal variables, it establishes uniq…
This paper examines how finite plasma dimensions affect combination scattering of ultrahigh frequency electromagnetic radiation by ion acoustic oscillations. Using a plane plasma layer model, it argues that when the incident wavelength is comparable to or larger than the layer thickness, momentum co…
The paper extends the Bates and Damgaard semiempirical method for calculating radial integrals in atomic spectra from dipole transitions to transitions of arbitrary multipolarity. It represents radial wave functions in Coulomb form with effective principal quantum numbers and Whittaker functions, de…
The paper develops a graphical formulation of the matching method for electrodynamic boundary-value problems by representing a partitioned volume as a functional network whose cells are described by operator admittance matrices. Evolution graphs are used to derive recurrence relations for loaded cha…
