SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper reformulates the SU(6) supermultiplet model of strongly interacting particles in quark language, representing the basic sextet as a product of a unitary triplet and a spin doublet. Using this representation, it constructs meson, baryon, and isobar supermultiplets and applies first order s…
The paper proposes an integral method for linear heat and mass transfer problems in bounded domains, assuming that the influence function for the corresponding whole-space problem is known analytically or experimentally. For convex domains with insulated fixed or moving boundaries, it derives reflec…
The paper proposes using an electromagnetic condenser-objective lens in a double-focusing mode to obtain microelectron diffraction patterns from selected specimen regions without relying on the conventional intermediate-lens switching method. The authors analyze how increased objective excitation fo…
This paper determines repulsive interaction potentials for krypton, xenon, and their mixtures with lighter noble gases using fast neutral atom scattering data and a power law form, V(r) = K/r^s. The authors extract the parameters K and s over specified interatomic distance intervals and compare expe…
This paper reports experimental studies of magnetic surfaces and plasma confinement in a closed toroidal stellarator with a two-pass helical field and external plasma injection. Using a pulsed electron beam and probe diagnostics, the authors measured magnetic surface geometry, rotational transform, …
This paper analyzes induced radiation generation in a laser crystal moving along the axis of a resonator, motivated by spatial inhomogeneities of inverse population that arise in standing wave modes and are not readily removed by diffusion. Using kinetic equations for inverse population and photon n…
The study examines the contours of exciton absorption lines in mono- and polycrystalline cuprous oxide near the long-wavelength edge of fundamental absorption. Using a recording spectral setup, the spectral distribution of the absorption coefficient was measured for the yellow and green exciton seri…
This paper analyzes conditions that produce prescribed impurity distributions in crystals during directional crystallization when impurity transport in the melt is governed by one-dimensional diffusion. Instead of solving the direct problem with fixed initial and boundary conditions, the authors for…
This paper addresses the lack of high temperature heat capacity data for molten metals by presenting a modulation method for measuring liquid metals in thin niobium capillary ampoules under vacuum. Alternating current heating produces small temperature oscillations, whose amplitude is determined pho…
This paper examines how the probability of radiationless deactivation in excited complex organic molecules is related to spectral characteristics, rather than to fluorescence quantum yield alone. Using measured fluorescence yields and excited-state lifetimes for diverse compounds in different solven…
This paper investigates whether Barkhausen-type repolarization jumps in ferroelectric crystals can be produced by homogeneous mechanical stress rather than by an applied electric field. Experiments on Rochelle-salt plates subjected to controlled compressive stresses showed voltage pulses and jump di…
This paper reports an experimental study of irregular, Mach reflection of strong shock waves in carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and air at incident velocities of about 1000 to 3000 m/sec. Using a shock tube, wedge reflectors of several apex angles, Schlieren visualization, high-speed photography, and stre…
This paper studies mass relations in the SU(3) octet model when physical particles may arise from mixing among a finite number of unitary multiplets. Using tensor-operator transformation properties and a graph-theoretic representation of irreducible multiplets in the hypercharge and isospin plane, i…
The paper analyzes the propagation of an intense light pulse through a two-level medium with inverse population, focusing on nonlinear amplification when the pulse energy density is sufficient to deplete the inversion. Using radiation-transfer rate equations, it argues that preferential amplificatio…
This paper examines how nonmagnetic, electric impurities affect the critical temperature of a two-band superconductor, in contrast to the one-band result that such impurities have little influence. Using a Fröhlich Hamiltonian, impurity-averaged Green’s functions, and a weak-coupling treatment of th…
This paper analyzes drift and flute instabilities of a rarefied inhomogeneous plasma in finite magnetic traps that are long for ions but short for electrons, so that electrons respond to the perturbing field averaged along the trap. Using modified charge density expressions and dispersion relations …
The paper reports an electro-optic rotation of the plane of polarization in z-cut plates of tetragonal ADP-type crystals, illustrated mainly with KDP, when an electric field is applied along the optical axis. Using conoscopic patterns between crossed polarizers, the author identifies characteristic …
The study investigates low-energy charged particles produced in the photodisintegration of beryllium-9 under bremsstrahlung irradiation with a maximum photon energy of 35 MeV. Using photographic plates in a magnetic field, particle ranges and track curvatures were measured to distinguish protons, de…
This paper examines the anomalous pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature of thallium and its relation to changes in the electronic spectrum. The authors measured how bismuth and mercury impurities of different valence modify dTk/dP in high-purity thallium solid solutions u…
This paper examines how to represent the scattering matrix directly in the Heisenberg representation within axiomatic quantum field theory. Starting from an in-representation written as a Dyson chronological exponential of an effective interaction Hamiltonian, the authors introduce a “half” S-matrix…
A matrix method is developed for calculating forced oscillations in a finite inhomogeneous iris-loaded circular radio waveguide represented as a chain of nonidentical multiport cells. The fields at cell apertures are expanded in finite systems of basis functions, reducing the electromagnetic problem…
A heat-conducting differential calorimeter based on the Calvet microcalorimeter principle is described for direct kinetic measurements of radiation polymerization, including in viscous, solid, and irradiated monomer systems where dilatometric or gravimetric methods are limited. The instrument uses m…
The paper proves a local existence and uniqueness theorem for the Cauchy problem for the Boltzmann equation describing nonstationary flow of a rarefied gas of structureless particles past a convex body. The authors reformulate the integral equation to incorporate general probabilistic boundary refle…
This study examines whether a GaSe single crystal can serve as the active medium for an optical quantum generator excited by fast electrons. The authors irradiated p-type GaSe crystals cooled to liquid nitrogen temperature with 200 keV electron pulses and recorded the luminescence spectrum, focusing…
This paper examines the conditions under which configurationally ordered alloy phases can retain a fixed crystallographic symmetry over changes in temperature, pressure, and chemical potential. Representing the equilibrium atomic density as a Fourier expansion, it argues that the wave vectors defini…
The paper describes a differential thermal analysis technique for detecting first-order polymorphic transitions in solids under pressures up to 100 kbar at room temperature. Using a high-pressure chamber fitted with a differential chromel-alumel thermocouple and bismuth as a reference material, the …
This note derives a coordinate-space expression for the total number of quanta associated with a free classical electromagnetic field specified by its electric and magnetic fields at a fixed time. Starting from the Fourier decomposition into transverse waves, the author relates the usual mode occupa…
This paper experimentally investigates thermoosmosis of bidistilled water in completely filled glass capillaries with micron-scale diameters, motivated by the role of such effects in moisture behavior near soil surfaces. An apparatus with a thermostated capillary section and capillary-pressure compe…
This paper proposes a phenomenological connection between the crystal structure of iron group ferromagnets and both local atomic magnetic moments and effective magnetic fields at nuclei. It introduces characteristic interatomic distance and coordination dependent parameters to calculate moments in p…
This paper reports measurements of the spectral distribution and temperature dependence of photoconductivity in p-type ZnSiAs2 and CdGeAs2 single crystals. Using monochromator-based photoresponse measurements, the authors identify intrinsic photoconductivity in ZnSiAs2, estimate band gaps of 2.10 eV…
The paper addresses the failure of ordinary single-time relaxation theory, and related local relaxation models, to account for acoustic dispersion and absorption in highly viscous liquids. It proposes a phenomenological model treating such liquids as two-phase microinhomogeneous media in which an in…
Low-temperature polarized spectrophotometric measurements were carried out near the long-wavelength edge of intrinsic absorption in high-quality thin single crystals of CdSe and CdS. Using transmission measurements at 4.2 K and 160 K, the study determines absorption maxima, half-widths, oscillator s…
The paper analyzes physical limits on the transverse cross section of radiation beams in optical quantum generators, considering both continuous operation and pulsed operation with Q switching. For continuous generators, the authors model the generation region as two diffraction-coupled subgenerator…
The paper examines whether the Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations hold for molecular liquids in the infrared vibrational region, where they are often used to derive oscillator strengths from dispersion data. Using previously measured refractive index and absorption data for an isolated chloroform v…
This paper examines whether a nonuniform temperature field in a gas can produce anisotropic pressure, contrary to the usual equilibrium form of Pascal’s law. Using the third approximation of the Chapman-Enskog kinetic theory, the authors analyze a gas at rest between two parallel plates held at diff…
A theory is developed for diffusiophoresis of large nonvolatile aerosol particles in a binary gas mixture in the limit of small Knudsen number. Using irreversible thermodynamics, Onsager reciprocity, diffusion with barodiffusion, and hydrodynamic flow around widely separated spheres with slip bounda…
This paper investigates how the fluorescence lifetime of complex organic molecules in solution depends on the frequency of exciting light, with particular attention to the anti-Stokes excitation region where direct measurements had been scarce. Using a phase fluorometer, the authors measured lifetim…
This paper analyzes electromagnetic radiation produced by nonlinear interactions of surface electrostatic oscillations in a bounded plasma, motivated by observations of intense oscillations and radiation in turbulent plasma heating experiments. For a plane plasma layer with thickness small compared …
The paper addresses the unresolved mechanism sustaining arc discharge currents at “cold” cathodes, where cathode temperatures and surface electric fields appear insufficient for standard thermionic or electrostatic emission explanations. It proposes applying Einstein’s theory of induced radiation to…
This paper analyzes collisionless current convection in an inhomogeneous low-pressure plasma placed in a longitudinal magnetic field, focusing on the role of ion inertia when collision frequencies are small. Using a kinetic description for electrons, cold-ion hydrodynamics, quasineutrality, and a qu…
This study experimentally tests the proposed p-n junction mechanism of spectral sensitization in dye and semiconductor systems. The authors compare sensitization of n-type ZnO and p-type TlJ by dyes whose photoconductivity type is varied through amorphous or crystalline states, and by related brilli…
This paper reports measurements of recombination radiation in lead selenide layers and compares their photoluminescence and photoconductivity spectra with those of lead sulfide layers. Using infrared spectral measurements with corrected detector response, the study finds weak room-temperature lumine…
The paper develops a semiclassical approach to electrical conductivity for systems in which the usual Boltzmann kinetic equation is difficult to justify, especially low-mobility organic semiconductors with narrow bands and appreciable electron-phonon coupling. Starting from the Kubo correlation-func…
This paper examines the pinch effect in an electron, hole plasma of indium antimonide under conditions where experimental densities and temperatures imply strong degeneracy. Using a simplified free electron, hole gas model, the analysis replaces classical plasma pressure with the pressure of a degen…
The paper develops a theoretical description of ion and atom reflection from solid surfaces at medium and high incident energies, where inelastic losses and lattice binding can be neglected. Using a screened Coulomb interaction, specifically Firsov’s Thomas-Fermi potential, it treats reflection as a…
This paper examines the spectral width of radiation from a quantum generator, with particular application to a ruby laser. Starting from the Hamiltonian for a two-level atomic system interacting with a quantized radiation field in a resonator, the author derives equations for photon populations, pop…
This paper analyzes quantum depolarization of high energy electrons in storage rings, complementing the known radiative polarization mechanism in a magnetic field. Using the classical spin precession equations with perturbing radial and azimuthal magnetic fields, while treating synchrotron radiation…
Electron paramagnetic resonance of cerium ions in lead molybdate single crystals with scheelite structure was investigated at 4.2 K, using crystals doped with nominal cerium and ytterbium and charge compensated with sodium molybdate. A single intense resonance line attributed to cerium was observed …
