SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper develops kinetic equations for the radiation-induced accumulation and coagulation of electron centers in alkali-halide crystals, with emphasis on F and M centers in LiF irradiated by protons. Starting from coagulation volumes for reactions between F centers and complex centers, the author…
This study examines whether potassium, known to enrich the surface layer of liquid mercury amalgams, shows analogous surface adsorption in the solid state, and how photoelectric behavior relates to surface tension. The authors measured external photoemission currents from dilute potassium amalgams u…
This paper reexamines the one-dimensional instability of Chapman-Jouguet detonation in the Zel’dovich-Neumann framework, focusing on how perturbations of the ignition-delay period affect flame propagation behind the leading shock. Using a linearized gas-dynamic treatment, it relates changes in flame…
This paper formulates a statistical mechanical treatment of transport processes in systems whose particles have internal degrees of freedom, such as complex molecular gases with slow exchange between translational and internal energy. It models the system by a second-quantized Hamiltonian in which m…
This communication describes a continuous solar-pumped optical quantum generator using Dy2+ ions in CaF2 operated at liquid nitrogen temperature, extending earlier solar excitation experiments performed at liquid neon temperature. The authors prepared CaF2 crystals doped with dysprosium, converted D…
This paper reports a direct experimental test of whether Pascal’s law remains applicable in a gas with a strong temperature gradient. The authors compare two kinetic-theory predictions for air between closely spaced horizontal plates, one based on Maxwell’s thermal-stress tensor, which implies press…
This paper examines the instability of a liquid free surface after a detonation or shock wave slides over it, a problem relevant to the safety of transporting explosive gas mixtures. Using Landau’s stability criterion for a gas flowing over a liquid surface and shadowgraph high-speed photography in …
The paper examines why the optical electron concentration inferred from infrared dielectric measurements in crystalline polyvalent metals such as Al, Sn, and Pb is much smaller than the valence electron concentration, despite the apparent usefulness of the weakly bound electron approximation for the…
The paper studies the spectral theory of an n-particle atomic Hamiltonian with Coulomb attraction and repulsion, decomposed according to irreducible symmetry types of the permutation, rotation, and inversion groups. Using projection operators onto these symmetry subspaces, it formulates variational …
This paper reports preliminary observations of recombination radiation in p-type InSb at room temperature produced by the magnetoconcentration effect in crossed electric and magnetic fields. Thin single-crystal plates with differently treated faces were subjected to pulsed electric currents and cons…
This paper examines how diffusion of inverse population affects induced radiation generation in a multimode plane resonator, addressing limits in earlier treatments that either assumed infinitely rapid diffusion or neglected it entirely. The authors formulate rate equations for inverse population an…
This paper examines how the crystallographic orientation of a copper target affects the energy spectra of ions scattered from its surface under irradiation by 30 keV singly charged argon ions. Using energy analysis at varied glancing and scattering angles, the authors compare spectra from a copper c…
This paper reports experimental characteristics of an optical oscillator based on CdS single crystals excited by two-photon absorption from a ruby laser. The authors examine reflection and luminescence spectra at low temperature, measure the two-photon absorption coefficient at 694 nm, and study cha…
This paper examines the selection of a reference point for studying thermodynamic similarity of gases in reduced variables. It argues that a suitable reference point should be defined by equality of dimensionless quantities in corresponding states, especially by a common compressibility factor and b…
This paper examines how the equations of motion for charged particles arise within the coupled Einstein-Maxwell theory, rather than being introduced independently through a prescribed Lorentz force. Starting from the generally covariant and gauge-invariant action for the gravitational and electromag…
This paper investigates the temperature dependence of the oscillator strength of the ruby R1 absorption line by measuring it at liquid nitrogen temperature. The authors adapt Rozhdestvenskii’s hook method to narrow polarized crystal lines using a polarization interferometer and apply it to ruby samp…
The paper examines the correspondence between exact quantum-mechanical equations and the semiclassical approximation for nonadiabatic transitions in a two-level system with linear potential terms and constant coupling. By transforming the coupled nuclear Schrödinger equations to momentum representat…
This paper analyzes frequency locking in a continuously operating laser generator subjected to a weak external optical signal. Using a simplified phenomenological model of a traveling wave resonator with an active element described by an amplitude transfer function, it derives boundary conditions fo…
This paper develops a microscopic many-electron treatment of anisotropic indirect exchange in ionic crystals with magnetic and nonmagnetic sites, using perturbation theory with overlap integrals and spin-orbit coupling as key ingredients. The resulting Hamiltonians include both band-type and exchang…
The paper constructs a formal quantum mechanical model whose bound-state degeneracies correspond one-to-one to all irreducible representations of the unitary symmetry group SU(3). Starting from the accidental degeneracy of the Coulomb problem, the authors consider a five-dimensional Coulomb Hamilton…
This paper analyzes plasma conductivity in a strong homogeneous magnetic field when a strong circularly polarized high frequency electric wave propagates along the field. Using the kinetic equation for charged particles in strong fields, it derives a generalized Ohm law and evaluates the collision c…
The paper reports optical absorption and photoconductivity measurements on n-type single crystals of ZnSiP2 grown from the gas phase by transport reactions. Using polarized light and measurements at 300 K, 77 K, and 4.2 K, the authors characterize the absorption edge, spectral photoconductivity, and…
This paper formulates a locally equilibrium Gibbs ensemble for nonequilibrium systems with spatially varying temperature, chemical potentials, and velocity fields. It constructs the statistical operator by maximizing informational entropy under constraints on local densities of energy, particle numb…
This paper develops aerodynamic equations for gases with excited internal degrees of freedom in the presence of binary molecular processes, emphasizing cases of two-temperature relaxation far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Starting from kinetic theory, the authors separate fast and slow collision p…
The paper examines how Kirchhoff’s law relates absorption and emission line contours in gamma spectroscopy, particularly when thermal motion and photon recoil affect the observed spectra. It argues that, under conditions where stimulated emission is negligible and excited atoms thermalize before spo…
This paper reports the realization of repetitive giant pulse generation in a CaF2:Dy2+ optical generator under continuous pumping by xenon lamps. The experiment used a cooled CaF2:Dy2+ crystal in a resonator with a rotating total internal reflection prism for Q switching, and measured output with a …
The paper proposes a geometric and topological framework for relating physical constants to the properties of a unique total object represented by equivalent images in metrizable projective extensions. Using arguments from mapping theory, dimension theory, statistical distributions over configuratio…
Khalfin examines whether the axioms and asymptotic predictions of statistical physics can be embedded in quantum dynamics, focusing on irreversible relaxation and decay in closed conservative systems. Using the quantum theory of decay and the spectral condition of a lower-bounded continuous energy s…
This paper develops an analytical theory for the freezing of ionization processes in expanding gas jets, where decreasing temperature and density cause electron concentrations to depart from equilibrium and approach a finite frozen value. Starting from a kinetic equation with ionization and recombin…
This paper reports preliminary experimental studies of stimulated emission and laser generation in single-crystal gallium arsenide under optical excitation by a Q-switched ruby laser. A GaAs sample with cleaved plane-parallel reflecting faces was cooled or operated at room temperature, and its emiss…
The paper formulates the Cauchy problem for the linearized Boltzmann equation in an \(L_2\) framework, using the Fourier transform in spatial variables and treating the resulting equation as an abstract Cauchy problem with a dissipative collision operator. Under stated spectral, compactness, and reg…
This paper examines the use of radioactive isotopes emitting characteristic X-ray radiation, especially iron-55 and vanadium-49, as alternatives to conventional X-ray tubes in structural studies of crystals and polycrystalline materials. The authors estimate the source activity required for recordin…
The paper studies the large-time behavior of solutions to the nonstationary Schrödinger equation in a Hilbert space when the Hamiltonian is a non-self-adjoint perturbation of a self-adjoint operator. It introduces linear similarity to an unperturbed Hamiltonian and gives sufficient conditions, inclu…
This paper develops a one-dimensional theory of the static current-voltage characteristic of a thin-film field-effect triode, emphasizing the role of deep, homogeneously distributed traps in the film. For an electron-enrichment regime with monoenergetic traps, the authors derive the carrier concentr…
This paper investigates the unusually strong influence of pressure on the optical absorption edge and ferroelectric transition of SbSJ single crystals, motivated by earlier observations of electric field induced shifts of the intrinsic absorption edge. Using hydrostatic pressure measurements, photoc…
This paper develops the construction of unitary representations for the inhomogeneous group P(SU_r), with particular motivation from relativistic SU_6 symmetry of elementary particles and with the Poincare group appearing as the case r equals 2. The authors formulate the generalized Wigner operator …
The paper determines imaginary parts of phase shifts, expressed as absorption coefficients, for elastic proton proton scattering at about 655 MeV by relating inelasticity to single pion production channels. Using Mandelstam’s resonance model, the analysis incorporates measured pion spectra and total…
This paper develops a Thomas, Fermi approximation for estimating the volume dependence of the Grüneisen constant in monatomic solids, complementing existing calculations of cold pressure. Interatomic force changes caused by small nuclear displacements are treated through a perturbation equation for …
This paper examines whether the reported observation of the CP-forbidden decay K2 neutral to pi plus pi minus could be imitated by other two-particle decays, given that the original experiment did not identify either the neutral parent or the charged decay products. Using invariant kinematic relatio…
This paper examines the stress dependence of the order to disorder transition in collagen fibers swollen in water, treating hydrothermal contraction as a phase transition in a one dimensionally ordered fibrillar protein. From thermomechanical and isometric heating measurements, the authors construct…
This paper examines the use of zeolites to reduce hydrocarbon contamination in electron microscopes, a major factor limiting high resolution imaging under an electron beam. The authors introduced NaX zeolite granules either in a side arm connected near the object chamber or directly near the specime…
This paper examines electron mobility and Hall-effect behavior in single-crystal HgTe, where the interpretation of conductivity type is complicated by the large ratio of electron to hole mobility and the broad transition from impurity to intrinsic conductivity. Measurements of Hall coefficient, elec…
This paper compares the temporal spreading of quantum wave packets and classical probability packets in one-dimensional motion under arbitrary potential fields. Using the Schrödinger and Liouville equations, and approximating the potential to second order about the packet center, it derives a common…
This paper proposes a general method for calculating intensities in molecular vibrational spectra within the harmonic approximation, addressing limitations of additive bond dipole and polarizability models. The authors formulate the molecular dipole moment, and by extension the polarizability, as fu…
This paper examines whether the capacitor method can reliably determine the sign of photocurrent carriers in semiconductors, despite reported polarity reversals in photo-emf spectra. The authors compare competing interpretations of these reversals and present experimental evidence from photo-Hall, p…
This paper examines high-temperature transport and relaxation phenomena of localized small-radius polarons in low-mobility ideal crystals. It develops a stochastic formulation in which phonon-field fluctuations drive polaron hopping, derives Kubo-type expansions for the mobility tensor, and identifi…
This study investigates the excitation of selected mercury spectral lines by slow, highly monoenergetic electron beams, addressing how improved electron energy resolution reveals fine structure in excitation functions. Using ribbon electron beams with energy spreads as low as about 0.1 eV, the autho…
This study examines photoconductivity in organic semiconducting materials produced by radiation and thermal treatment of polyethylene, where semiconducting behavior is attributed to the formation of polyconjugated regions. Three differently treated samples were measured in evacuated surface cells un…
Reflection spectra of chalcopyrite type semiconductors ZnSnAs2, ZnSiP2, and ZnSiAs2 were studied at 293 K in the 1 to 6 eV region to clarify their relation to the band structures of more familiar group IV and III-V semiconductors. The spectra show two main reflection maxima in each crystal, with a r…
