SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
The paper addresses the design of a gamma ray quantometer whose sensitivity remains nearly constant at photon endpoint energies well below the range for which earlier instruments were optimized. It analyzes integration errors in the transition curve and proposes a tandem multiplate ionization chambe…
This paper examines how plane phase discontinuities in an optical wavefront, although not predicted to be visible by geometrical shadow theory, appear in shadow photographs because of diffraction. A diffraction model is developed for a shadow instrument with a slit source and Foucault knife edge, yi…
This paper analyzes stationary plane and axially symmetric flows of an inviscid, non-heat-conducting, compressible conducting fluid across a magnetic field within magnetohydrodynamics. It derives systems of equations for flows whose stream surfaces coincide with electric equipotential surfaces, incl…
This paper develops functional expansion methods for statistical equilibrium in interacting many-particle systems, with emphasis on improving convergence relative to density, activity, or interaction-constant expansions in liquid-state theory. It formulates a closed functional equation with variatio…
The paper analyzes the kink, or discontinuity in slope, of the shock adiabat of a solid when it intersects a first-order phase transition region, with particular attention to melting. Using the shock-wave energy balance, the Clapeyron-Clausius relation, and a comparison with metastable continuations…
The paper examines the stability of large-amplitude Alfvén waves in a compressible plasma, extending earlier work on finite small-amplitude instabilities. Because an arbitrary wave profile is mathematically difficult, the authors analyze an Alfvén wave with a sawtooth magnetic-field profile, using i…
This paper addresses high-voltage injection as a means of increasing particle capture and gamma-radiation intensity in betatrons and synchrotrons with energies of 30 to 300 MeV. It argues that an ultrahigh-frequency resonator is a practical injector because it can be placed close to, or inside, the …
This paper examines the renormalization of the three-dimensional quasipotential equation for a two-particle system of equal masses, focusing on whether divergences in the quasipotential can be reduced to the familiar divergences of the scattering matrix. By relating the quasipotential to the off-she…
This paper derives relations among meson photoproduction amplitudes in a unitary-symmetry framework when a moderately strong interaction violating SU3 symmetry is included. Using U-spin decomposition of selected photon-induced reactions on protons and Sigma baryons, the authors express amplitudes th…
This paper analyzes a class of quasilinear, quasi-Maxwellian field equations for compensating gauge fields, extending earlier formulations for gravitational-inertial fields. Starting from a Lagrangian invariant under local gauge transformations, the authors derive field equations and a generalized c…
The paper develops a random-phase approximation treatment of a weakly interacting nonideal Bose gas at temperatures from zero to the Bose-condensation temperature, using equations of motion for two-particle and one-particle Green functions. By linearizing the density response and retaining the conde…
This paper formulates a continuum description of immiscible oil and water motion in a hydrophilic fractured porous medium during water injection. The authors combine a balance equation for capillary imbibition of water into porous blocks with two phase filtration equations in the fracture system, us…
This paper examines forbidden quadrupole spectral lines associated with the first excited configurations 2s2p2 and 3s3p2 in isoelectronic coronal sequences relevant to solar and stellar plasma diagnostics. Using LS coupling formulas for quadrupole line strengths, the authors derive matrix elements f…
This paper examines anomalous features of ultrahigh energy cosmic ray jets, especially double maxima in angular distributions, unequal populations of narrow and diffuse cones, energetically isolated pions, and the weak correlation of distribution parameters. It argues that the existing fireball mode…
The paper addresses electron scattering by optical lattice vibrations in polar semiconductors, especially at low temperatures where previous treatments relied on uncertain assumptions or numerical kinetic-equation solutions. Starting from an integral equation for the nonequilibrium distribution func…
This paper reports time-resolved experiments on the electrical explosion of copper wires in air, focusing on the energy threshold for explosive behavior and on the accompanying optical and infrared radiation. Using capacitor-discharge circuits, oscillographic measurements of current, wire voltage, a…
This paper calculates the two lowest excited states with K pi equals 2 plus in even even deformed nuclei for the mass regions 150 less than A less than 190 and 228 less than or equal to A less than or equal to 254. Within the superfluid nuclear model with quadrupole interactions, the analysis solves…
The paper investigates anomalies in the galvanomagnetic properties of gadolinium, whose magnetic structure shows temperature-dependent behavior not captured by a simple ferromagnetic description. Electrical resistivity and longitudinal magnetoresistance were measured on gadolinium samples of varying…
This paper examines how different branches of the proton proton cycle in the solar interior determine the spectrum and intensity of solar neutrinos relevant to early neutrino astrophysics. Assuming dynamic equilibrium among successive reactions and adopting representative central solar composition a…
The paper studies the binding energy of hypertritium using a nonlocal factorizable interaction model for the three-body system. Assuming Gell-Mann global symmetry, the authors relate hyperon-nucleon potentials to nucleon-nucleon parameters and formulate coupled integral equations that include possib…
This paper develops a variational approach for the nonrelativistic ground states of two-electron atoms and ions that explicitly incorporates the singular behavior of the wave equation near particle collisions, following Fock’s expansion. The authors construct trial functions with logarithmic and pol…
This paper reports electron paramagnetic resonance detection of free hydroxyl radicals in a rarefied hydrogen, oxygen flame, motivated by the role of OH, H, and O atoms in chain branching and propagation. A quartz reactor and resonator arrangement was used to place active centers in the microwave el…
This paper studies operators in Fock space represented in normal form by creation and annihilation operator distributions satisfying Bose or Fermi canonical relations. It proves that every bounded operator admits such a normal representation, relates this representation to matrix kernels through ass…
This paper examines how internal friction in single-crystal ferroelectrics depends on deformation amplitude, with particular attention to the role of domain structure. Using freely decaying compression and extension vibrations of bar resonators, the authors measured the logarithmic damping decrement…
This study examines low-energy charged particles produced in the photodisintegration of lithium-6 irradiated with bremsstrahlung photons up to 35 MeV. Using thick nuclear emulsions in a magnetic-field chamber, the authors identify deuterons, tritons, and protons from track ranges and magnetic deflec…
The paper develops a theoretical treatment of photoconductivity in thin semiconductor layers under high illumination, where quasineutral bipolar diffusion applies and recombination occurs both through local centers and directly between bands. By reducing the governing diffusion and recombination equ…
This paper examines ultranarrow phononless optical lines in low-temperature crystal spectra as an optical analogue of the Mössbauer effect. Using luminescence measurements on CdS single crystals in the bound-exciton narrow-line region, the authors compare the temperature dependence of phononless lin…
This paper reports measurements of paramagnetic resonance absorption in powdered manganese sulfide over the temperature range from +100 to -195 degrees Celsius at a frequency of 9285 Mc/s. Using a direct amplification radiospectrometer with a low temperature resonator system, the study records reson…
This study examines the fine structure of the titanium X-ray K beta 5 emission band in single-phase titanium monoxide samples spanning the homogeneity range TiO0.85 to TiO1.20, with comparison to earlier data on lower oxides and to a near-stoichiometric nitride. The authors prepared and characterize…
This note extends the standard mathematical apparatus of angular momentum theory to negative values of angular momentum quantum numbers using the transformation j to minus j minus 1, which leaves the eigenvalue of the squared angular momentum operator unchanged. The authors introduce a phase convent…
This paper presents a numerical study of relativistic spherical collapse for a cold Fermi gas star whose mass exceeds the maximum static Oppenheimer, Volkoff mass. Using comoving coordinates, Einstein’s equations are written in divergence form with a conserved mass function, and initial data are spe…
The paper examines analytic properties of scattering amplitudes in the nonrelativistic three-body problem, focusing on scattering of a particle by a bound state of two others in the complex orbital angular momentum plane. Using modified Faddeev equations and a perturbation expansion, it discusses am…
The paper examines how weak neutrino electron interactions in a turbulent plasma can generate neutrino-antineutrino pairs and accelerate existing neutrinos through induced Cherenkov emission and absorption of plasmons. Using weak turbulence theory and perturbative expressions for plasmon decay and n…
This paper investigates the destruction of metastable helium atoms in the \(2^3S\) state in a decaying helium plasma, focusing on inelastic pair collisions at liquid nitrogen temperature. Using absorption measurements of the 3889 Å line after termination of a high-frequency discharge, the authors me…
This paper develops a nonlinear theory of drift-cyclotron instability in an inhomogeneous nonisothermal plasma with electron temperature much greater than ion temperature. Starting from the Vlasov equation expanded to third order in the electrostatic wave amplitude, it derives weak-turbulence equati…
The paper develops a procedure for defining and calculating effective diffusion coefficients in a laminar multicomponent gas boundary layer, starting from the Stefan-Maxwell relations and recasting normal diffusion fluxes in a Fick-type form. For mixtures relevant to dissociated air, it derives wall…
The paper examines anomalous additional maxima observed near threshold in optical excitation functions of selected helium spectral lines when certain impurities are added. Using pulsed electron acceleration and photon counting, the authors show that the additional maximum does not form during very s…
This study examines trapping levels and their role in the photoconductivity of organic photoconductors, using thin films of the triphenylmethane dye brilliant green as a model system. Photoconductivity measurements, thermally stimulated conductivity, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra were …
Photoionization of aniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, and benzylamine was studied by photo-mass spectrometry in the vacuum ultraviolet region up to about 14 eV, with deuterated amino-group samples used to clarify fragment-ion formation. Ionization-efficiency curves were used to identify …
The paper develops a theory of thermomolecular pressure difference and thermal transpiration of gases in moderately wide capillaries, extending an earlier Chapman-Enskog based treatment for the limiting case of small Knudsen number. Using Onsager relations, the Navier-Stokes equation with a slip bou…
This paper surveys electron beam techniques for measuring and visualizing gas flows, focusing on local velocity and density determination in cold gases and plasmas. It describes fluorescent marking for gases with long afterglow, Doppler shifts of electron excited fluorescence for short afterglow gas…
This paper proposes a generalization of the Bardeen, Cooper, Schrieffer superconductivity model intended to allow an isotropic excitation spectrum in Fermi systems where attraction may occur in higher angular harmonics, such as liquid helium-3. The model replaces ordinary Cooper pairing by pairings …
This paper examines the energy and mass spectra of ions in plasma bunches interacting with a transverse magnetic field, addressing whether previously observed increases in velocity along the field reflect true acceleration or changes in plasma composition. Using electrostatic energy analysis and tim…
This paper examines how static helical perturbations affect the equilibrium of cylindrical plasma columns with nested magnetic surfaces, especially near surfaces whose unperturbed field lines close with the perturbation pitch. By analyzing the helical magnetic-surface integral and the equilibrium eq…
The paper investigates how the energy spectra of fast ions reflected from polycrystalline surfaces depend on scattering angle, treating ion interaction with the solid as a sequence of elastic binary collisions when electronic excitation losses can be neglected. Argon ions of 25 keV were directed at …
This paper reports a microwave experimental study of open resonators with cylindrical mirrors, motivated by their use in quantum generators, dielectric studies, and plasma diagnostics. Using an 8 mm Fabry-Perot type interferometer with silvered cylindrical mirrors, the authors measured quality facto…
This paper analyzes diffraction of a surface electromagnetic wave by a perfectly conducting wedge adjacent to an anisotropic dielectric, with attention to the amplitude of the reflected surface wave. The fields are represented by Fourier integrals, boundary conditions on the dielectric interface and…
A covariant method is developed for calculating matrix elements of massive polarized vector particles in arbitrary spin states within the ten-dimensional Duffin-Kemmer formalism. The paper derives general wave-function and projection-dyad expressions for spin projections 1, 0, and -1, and tabulates …
This paper addresses the observed saturation of current-carrier drift velocity in piezoelectric semiconductors such as CdS, CdSe, and GaAs when the drift velocity exceeds the speed of sound. It argues that the effect is connected with ultrasonic generation and the resulting acoustoelectric current, …
This paper analyzes short wavelength instabilities localized at inhomogeneous boundaries in rarefied magnetized plasma, focusing on finite width ion beams whose edge gradients may be comparable to the ion Larmor radius. Starting from linearized collisionless kinetic equations with a self consistent …
