SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper examines why impurity ions with unfilled d or f shells in diamagnetic crystals produce either broad or narrow optical absorption and luminescence bands. It argues that thermal vibrations of ligands change crystal-field and related parameters, especially Dq, thereby modulating transition e…
This paper analyzes charge separation and the resulting electric and magnetic fields in a thermodynamically equilibrium plasma undergoing rigid rotation in a cylindrical geometry. Under the assumption that the generalized potentials are small compared with the temperature, the governing Maxwell and …
This paper examines how high pressure affects anharmonicity and the Grüneisen parameter in crystals, with emphasis on conditions along the shock adiabat where the classical high-temperature limit is applicable. Using pair central-force lattice dynamics, it derives expressions for a high-frequency Gr…
This paper examines how elastic scattering modifies resonant charge exchange in slow atomic collisions, where standard estimates often assume free relative motion of the colliding particles. Using the interaction potential in the radial motion and the asymptotic form of the electron energy splitting…
This paper analyzes experimental data on positive pion photoproduction on hydrogen near threshold, for photon energies from 175 to 230 MeV, obtained with a bremsstrahlung beam and nuclear emulsion detectors at the Lebedev Institute synchrotron. Differential cross sections measured over a wide angula…
This paper studies a nonstationary problem in relativistic gas dynamics and magnetogasdynamics with two cyclic coordinates. By deriving symmetry integrals, it reduces the governing Maxwell, continuity, and motion equations to two quasilinear scalar equations for density and longitudinal velocity, th…
The paper proposes a method for calculating the integral absorbed power and energy efficiency of gamma radiation in macrosystems of arbitrary configuration. Starting from energy balance relations for primary, scattered, and incident radiation, it derives expressions for a centrally irradiated absorb…
This paper gives a group classification of the equations for one-dimensional unsteady adiabatic gas flow in the hydraulic approximation, allowing an arbitrary dependence of the flow-tube cross section on position and an arbitrary thermodynamic function. By deriving and analyzing the determining equa…
This paper examines the low-temperature properties of an isotropic ferromagnetic dielectric with arbitrary spin, focusing on magnetization and spin-wave excitations. Using two-time temperature Green’s functions, the author introduces a perturbative decoupling scheme with a small parameter and derive…
This study examines adsorption layers formed by selected group III and V metals on molten germanium, motivated by the role of surface-active dopants in semiconductor properties. Surface tension measurements for germanium alloys containing gallium, indium, thallium, antimony, and bismuth were made by…
This paper examines why spectroscopic measurements in a powerful pulsed discharge indicate electron temperatures much lower than ion temperatures during maximum plasma compression. The authors model electron and ion temperature relaxation at electron density about 10^17 cm^-3, including Coulomb ener…
This paper develops a theory of generalized normal waves in chains of nonidentical linear cells, such as transmission lines, cables, and waveguides, where ordinary normal waves generally need not exist. It defines waves by rank according to invariant subspaces of the cell transformation matrices, di…
This paper estimates gravitational wave emission by a small body moving in the Schwarzschild field of a much larger collapsing star, with attention to how radiation reaction modifies capture and orbital motion near the gravitational radius. Using weak-field radiation formulas extended as order-of-ma…
This paper presents a phase compensation method for measuring very short relaxation times in p-n junctions, motivated by the need to study electronic processes in nanosecond transistor electronics beyond the range of earlier phase techniques. The authors combine phase-sensitive detection with a brid…
This paper derives equations for irreducible higher order correlation functions in a plasma starting from fluctuation equations for particle distribution functions and electromagnetic fields. By separating cluster contributions and using the decay of correlations at large spatial separations, the au…
This paper reports relaxation current oscillations observed in dielectric specimens, chiefly polycrystalline barium titanate, under a direct voltage with asymmetric electrodes. Oscillograms show nonstrictly periodic current pulses whose amplitudes and repetition frequencies are correlated, and chang…
This paper extends the authors’ earlier theory of thermophoresis for aerosol particles from the limiting case of vanishing Knudsen number to the first approximation in the ratio of molecular mean free path to particle radius. Using Onsager reciprocity, hydrodynamic flow past fixed spheres in a porou…
This paper examines a proposed magnetic trap for confinement and accumulation of hot plasma, using a practically realizable approximation to a general time-varying magnetic field: the field of a magnetic dipole. It analyzes calculated trajectories of hydrogen ions at thermonuclear-relevant energies,…
This note discusses the relativistic collapse of massive nonrotating stars and the observational consequences of gravitational self-closure, emphasizing that for an external observer the approach to the gravitational radius limits observable information about later compression. It argues that collap…
This paper examines the microrelief and geometry of field-emission tips produced by interrupted vacuum arc breakdown in an electron projector, addressing the lack of dimensional data needed for quantitative interpretation of images. Nickel-beryllium alloy and platinum tips were prepared by electroly…
This paper analyzes excitation of molecular vibrational levels during collisions, with emphasis on conversion of translational energy into vibration when electronic transitions can be neglected. Using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, the nuclear motion is treated semiclassically along classical c…
This paper derives asymptotic formulas for the diffusion of radiation in a plane layer of large optical thickness with isotropic scattering and true absorption. Starting from the integral equation for the radiation field and its resolvent, the analysis relates the finite-layer problem to the corresp…
The paper examines mechanisms of radioactive decay involving proton emission in neutron-deficient nuclei, distinguishing true proton or two-proton radioactivity from delayed proton emission following beta-plus decay. Using barrier estimates, half-lives, reaction thresholds, decay energies, and compa…
This paper reports experiments on producing high velocity plasma clots in a coaxial railgun type electrodynamic accelerator, motivated by the need for plasma injection into magnetic traps at velocities near 10^6 to 10^7 m/s. The authors use a separate plasma source to inject a highly ionized, low ma…
This note examines how the quantum scattering problem may be formulated when initial and final fluxes are specified at finite, though large, distances rather than only asymptotically at infinity. Using a partial wave expansion for elastic scattering by a potential that becomes central outside a fini…
This paper analyzes Fermi acceleration in a one-dimensional model of a particle elastically colliding between a fixed wall and a periodically moving wall. From the exact collision map, the authors derive criteria distinguishing stochastic acceleration, an intermediate regime, and a high-velocity adi…
This paper reports measurements of neutron induced fission cross sections for Pa-231 and Pu-239 using an electrostatic accelerator, with Pa-231 studied over 140 to 1740 keV and Pu-239 over 1.5 to 1250 keV. Motivated by earlier observations that some fissioning nuclei show threshold region irregulari…
The paper applies damping theory to neutrino and antineutrino scattering on electrons within the four-component neutrino theory with a V minus A weak interaction. By expanding scattering amplitudes in Wigner functions and summing the corresponding chain diagrams with intermediate propagators replace…
This paper proposes a numerical method based on stationary phase for evaluating solutions of kinetic equations arising in multiple scattering, where direct summation of angular momentum expansions may require many terms and suffer from cancellations. The authors transform the standard series solutio…
This paper examines errors in transparency measurements of turbid media caused by neglecting light that is scattered directly into the receiver, with particular attention to media containing large particles such as fog droplets. Under a single-scattering approximation, the authors derive correction …
This paper reports electrical and magnetic effects produced by passing current through pressed polycrystalline tablets of triphenylmethane dyes, studied mainly for brilliant green and extended to related dyes. Using conductivity measurements, charge and discharge observations, and electron paramagne…
This paper examines electron heating associated with cyclotron instability in a low-pressure anisotropic plasma, especially when ion perpendicular temperature greatly exceeds longitudinal temperature. Using the longitudinal dispersion relation for a collisionless Maxwellian anisotropic plasma, the a…
This paper develops a special class of semi-Riemannian spaces with degenerate metric structure as a geometric framework for unifying gravitation and electromagnetism. It introduces flag manifolds, flagtensors, a compatible torsion-free flag-affine connection, associated invariants of vectors and ang…
This paper describes a method for producing thin silicon films with anomalously large photovoltages by sublimating silicon atoms from a current-heated silicon plate onto glass or quartz substrates. Unlike earlier approaches emphasizing oblique deposition from a point source, the method uses an exten…
The decay of Rhodium 100 was investigated using a magnetic beta spectrometer with scintillation electron registration, gamma spectrometers, gamma gamma coincidence measurements, and total absorption measurements with a NaI well crystal. Chemical separation and growth and decay studies were used to a…
This paper examines a solvable problem in plasma turbulence: the nonlinear time evolution of the spectrum of Langmuir electron oscillations in a homogeneous unmagnetized plasma. Using asymptotic perturbation theory, the authors derive kinetic equations for wave amplitudes and particle distribution f…
This paper develops a constructive formulation of compensating fields for local gauge groups by treating them as connection coefficients in the space of internal degrees of freedom. Starting from a generalized Noether argument, the authors derive the covariant derivative, transformation law for the …
This paper develops a self-consistent description of the interaction between high-frequency collective oscillations and low-frequency hydrodynamic waves in continuous media, treating the former as quasiparticles. Starting from a Lagrangian formulation, the authors derive a kinetic equation for the q…
An exact solution is developed for the electromagnetic field of a uniformly moving charged filament passing near a periodic system of perfectly conducting half-planes. The field is formulated with a Hertz vector, the induced plate currents are reduced to paired integral equations, and these equation…
This paper formulates approximate equations for laser radiation in a one-dimensional resonator, treating the rightward and leftward photon fluxes by nonstationary transport equations coupled to the population inversion of the active medium. The authors relate gain to inversion, include resonant stim…
This paper experimentally tests competing theories of thermophoresis for large aerosol particles, comparing formulas based on Maxwell thermal slip with the Derjagin, Bakanov, and Yalamov treatment of nonequilibrium gas processes. The authors introduce a horizontal slit method with a longitudinal tem…
This paper extends the method of compensating fields to spinor quantities in the formulation of gravitational interaction. It argues that relations between tensor and spinor quantities used in earlier spinor gravitational theories are valid only in an orthogonal basis, and therefore constructs the i…
This paper examines the diffraction of gas detonation waves as they emerge from channels or tubes into a larger volume, emphasizing the role of transverse waves in multi-front detonation structure. Using schlieren and sweep photography for several combustible mixtures, the authors compare observed s…
This paper examines the relationship between electron paramagnetic resonance and electrical conductivity in radiation thermally modified polyethylene products subjected to vacuum thermal treatment at different temperatures. By comparing measured concentrations of paramagnetic centers with carrier co…
This study examines changes in the Raman scattering spectrum of alpha quartz irradiated by fast neutrons with integral fluxes of 4, 5, and 7 x 10^19 n/cm2. Photoelectric measurements show decreasing and broadening Raman line intensities, shifts toward lower frequencies, and growth of a continuous sc…
This paper investigates the emission spectrum of a room temperature ruby optical generator with external spherical mirrors in regimes of undamped intensity oscillations and quasi-stationary generation. Using a Fabry Perot interferometer with time sweep, the authors compare concentric and confocal re…
This paper reports the discovery and experimental study of oxygen photosorption on polycrystalline cadmium sulfide powders under vacuum. Using pressure measurements during illumination, the study examines reproducibility, thermal treatment, temperature dependence, light intensity dependence, and spe…
The paper analyzes nonlinear mechanisms by which intense high-frequency transverse radiation interacts with a plasma that would be transparent in linear theory. Using resonance conditions and kinetic estimates for decay, coalescence, and induced scattering processes, it derives probabilities and gro…
The paper develops a finite-dimensional algebraic model for quantized wave fields by relating creation and annihilation operator algebras to a generalized theory of real spinors. It constructs real matrix generators satisfying Clifford-type relations, derives fermionic anticommutation relations from…
Paramagnetic relaxation in aqueous gadolinium nitrate solutions was investigated using Q-meter measurements of absorption in parallel and perpendicular fields at concentrations from 0.5 to about 4 mol/l and temperatures from 293 to 368 K. The study determined spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation ti…
