SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper addresses the problem of separately detecting short lived free atoms and radicals and active molecules in chemical and photochemical systems without perturbing the reaction medium. The authors develop semiconductor probes based on thin films and porous columns of ZnO, using the rapid hete…
This note develops an analogue of the Wick, Bloch, and de Dominicis theorem for statistical averages of products of Pauli operators with respect to a free Hamiltonian. Using the Pauli operator commutation relations and elementary identities for thermal traces, the authors derive recursive formulas t…
Spin-lattice and spin-spin electron relaxation were measured in aqueous vanadyl salt solutions with varying acid content, in aqueous-glycerol mixtures, and in powders of vanadyl chloride and vanadyl sulfate. Increasing hydrochloric acid concentration was found to shorten the spin-lattice relaxation …
This paper examines whether the detonation front in a transparent liquid explosive is smooth or exhibits inhomogeneous regimes such as spin or pulsating detonation. The authors use streak photography of specular light reflection from the moving detonation front in mixtures of concentrated nitric aci…
The study examines the internal photoeffect and photosemiconducting behavior of several newly synthesized acetylene polymers containing phenyl, anthracene, nitrophenyl, naphthyl, and ether-linked structural units. Photovoltaic response and transverse photoconductivity were measured in air and vacuum…
This study examines how 1.25 MeV gamma irradiation affects the aging behavior of quenched Cu with 2.5 percent Be beryllium bronze, a topic less studied than neutron irradiation effects. Aging was assessed by high precision measurements of electrical resistance at liquid nitrogen temperature for an i…
This paper reports an experimental observation of quantum oscillations in the contact potential difference of a bismuth, niobium pair in a pulsed magnetic field, motivated by theoretical predictions that the chemical potential of metals with small carrier groups should oscillate measurably. A capaci…
The paper studies time-dependent radiation emerging from a homogeneous semi-infinite medium with isotropic scattering, finite mean times for absorption and free flight, and a fixed quantum survival probability. Using a Laplace-transform method that derives nonstationary solutions from corresponding …
The paper addresses the calculation of effective magnetic fields at atomic nuclei in ferromagnetic metals and alloys, where existing theory is described as insufficient for comparison with experiment. It proposes empirical relations for the fields in Fe, Co, Ni, and several ferromagnetic alloys, sep…
The study investigates how phase transitions affect proton NMR line shapes and moments in polycrystalline beryllium oxyacetate over 20 to 200 degrees Celsius, with attention to methyl group motion and intermolecular interactions. Stationary measurements showed no change in line shape or moments from…
This paper examines anomalous rheological behavior in rubber-like linear polymers, focusing on polyisobutylene of several molecular weights at 60 to 120°C under controlled shear-rate and controlled-stress conditions. Rotational viscometry, molecular-weight checks by viscosity, and activation-energy …
This paper addresses the sign and magnitude of effective ionic charges in sphalerite-structure III-V semiconductor compounds, a question central to understanding the partly ionic and partly covalent character of their chemical bonding. The authors determine effective charges for aluminum, gallium, a…
A numerical method is presented for determining the self-consistent electrostatic field around an axisymmetric body in a rarefied plasma stream, where ion motion is treated collisionlessly and electron density is prescribed as a function of potential and ion density. The approach uses a discrete mod…
This paper examines induced scattering, two quantum emission, and two quantum absorption by charged particles in a medium, with emphasis on the resonant regime near the Cherenkov condition. Using quantum electrodynamic perturbation theory supplemented by radiative corrections to the particle Green’s…
The paper reports experiments on electroluminescence in sublimated polycrystalline zinc sulfide films activated with copper, using slot-like electrode cells with electrode separations from fractions of a millimeter to about 2 mm. The films exhibited through, or bulk, luminescence from cathode to ano…
This paper analyzes the onset of noise and enhanced cross-field diffusion in a weakly ionized, inhomogeneous plasma at magnetic fields above a critical value, focusing on the frequency range between the ion and electron cyclotron frequencies where ordinary drift waves are damped. Using a hydrodynami…
The paper derives a Lagrangian formulation for a relativistic continuous medium in Riemannian space, starting from the Hamilton Jacobi equation for a material point and extending it by replacing particle energy with the enthalpy per unit rest mass of the medium. It shows that the pressure can serve …
This paper examines the contour shapes of the R1 and R2 absorption lines of ruby, addressing whether they are better represented by Lorentzian or Gaussian profiles. Absorption spectra were measured photographically at room temperature for ordinary and extraordinary rays, and anomalous dispersion was…
The paper investigates photoconductivity in high-resistivity p-type silicon under large light fluxes, where recombination beyond the Shockley-Read trap mechanism may become significant. It develops and applies a piecewise description of the dependence of photoconductivity on light intensity, combini…
The paper develops a theory for electromagnetic coupling between two cavities through a narrow slot when the slot is not assumed exponentially narrow, retaining both logarithmic and order-one terms in the kernel of the slot integral equation. It reduces the vector integral equation to a one-dimensio…
Low-temperature luminescence spectra of certain GaP crystals are examined, with attention to a previously undescribed set of regularly converging narrow lines superposed on known bound-exciton and edge-emission features. The authors analyze the temperature behavior, doublet structure, absence of cor…
The paper studies scattering theory for quantum mechanical systems with a variable number of particles in the Fock space of second quantization, for both Bose and Fermi commutation relations. It considers self-adjoint Hamiltonians consisting of the free kinetic energy and finite sums of creation and…
The paper proposes a general scheme for macroscopic descriptions of kinetic processes when slow variables, including nonequilibrium relaxing quantities such as heat flux or viscous stresses, are treated as independent. Starting from a phase-space cell representation and an intermediate mixing assump…
This paper studies the spectral structure of multidimensional Coulomb differential operators describing atoms and ions with a fixed nucleus, with particular attention to how permutation symmetry affects discrete and limiting spectra. Using irreducible representations of the symmetric group and varia…
The paper proposes a variational reformulation of general relativity motivated by dimensional transformation arguments, claiming that the standard Einstein equations with constant gravitational coupling do not transform consistently under changes of distance and therefore are inadequate for the meta…
This paper examines how particle collisions affect drift instability in an inhomogeneous low-pressure plasma when the ion Larmor radius is finite. It proposes using a Bhatnagar, Gross, and Krook model collision term to extend the method of integration along trajectories to collisional plasma oscilla…
This paper examines the evolution of the size spectrum of rain drops in an ascending air current when both coagulation and condensational growth are considered. Assuming a collision probability proportional to the sum of the colliding drop volumes, the kinetic coagulation equation is transformed by …
This paper examines how drift wave instabilities in an inhomogeneous plasma confined by a strong magnetic field can produce anomalous cross-field diffusion. The authors distinguish low and higher beta regimes, use linear stability results for drift waves, and apply a quasilinear kinetic treatment to…
The paper analyzes anomalous transverse diffusion observed in currentless glow discharges in a magnetic field and proposes drift dissipative instability as a possible mechanism. Using a kinetic treatment for electrons in the drift approximation, hydrodynamic ion equations with ion inertia, and quasi…
This paper proposes a generalized variational formulation of general relativity based on varying the scalar curvature density while retaining variations with respect to second derivatives of the metric and not imposing vanishing variations of the connection on the boundary. The argument derives the …
This paper reports measurements of longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistance in n-type InSb single crystals of different carrier concentrations at 20 to 77 K in pulsed magnetic fields up to 400 kOe. The experiments observe Shubnikov de Haas oscillations quasiperiodic in inverse magnetic field, t…
This paper develops a calculation of the stationary value of reversible orientational photodichroism in viscous dye solutions under polarized illumination. Using a model in which absorbing dye molecules, treated as classical oscillators in a viscous medium, reorient with a given probability and mean…
This paper studies spectral properties of the Schrödinger operator in planar domains with infinite boundary under Dirichlet boundary conditions and decay assumptions on the potential and geometry. It establishes growth and uniqueness results for solutions at positive energy, constructs the limiting …
This study examines self-diffusion on the surface of polycrystalline silver, a process relevant to kinetic phenomena in solids and to the action of surface-active impurities. Using the layered specimen method with Ag110 tracer diffusion in silver foil packets annealed in hydrogen between 270 and 695…
This paper derives an equation for linear wave propagation in an ideally conducting compressible rotating plasma cylinder with arbitrary radial distributions of magnetic field, velocity, density, and temperature. Using the magnetohydrodynamic equations for stationary helical flows, the analysis redu…
The microwave spectrum of the molecule F2HC-CH2F is analyzed in relation to hindered internal rotation about the C-C bond and the symmetry between two folded conformations. The paper derives the expected classification of torsional-rotational states and predicts line doubling for transitions involvi…
This study examines how impurities affect the vibrational excitation relaxation time of oxygen molecules at high temperatures, addressing discrepancies between earlier measurements and the Landau Teller temperature dependence. Shock tube experiments were performed from about 1200 to 6600 K using car…
This paper addresses an apparent discrepancy between quantum and classical treatments of radiation damping of free electron oscillations in a weakly inhomogeneous magnetic field. For the nonrelativistic case, the authors derive perturbed Schrödinger wave functions, compute dipole radiation transitio…
This paper examines hydrodynamic oscillations and stability of weakly inhomogeneous low-pressure plasmas confined by magnetic fields, emphasizing limitations of approaches that yield coordinate-dependent spectra. Using a geometrical-optics asymptotic method for differential equations with slowly var…
This paper formulates a microscopic transition-state treatment of monomolecular reactions in crystal lattices, emphasizing how elementary decomposition in solids differs from the corresponding gas-phase process. The argument represents the reacting particle and its neighboring lattice block through …
This paper examines how electron spin orientation affects the polarization and intensity of synchrotron radiation for an electron moving in a constant homogeneous magnetic field. Using solutions of the Dirac equation with additional conserved spin projection conditions, the authors derive radiation …
This paper examines the short-wavelength “universal” instability of a weakly inhomogeneous rarefied plasma confined by a magnetic field when the ions are nonrelativistic and the electrons are relativistic. Using a kinetic dispersion equation with finite Larmor radius corrections for both species, th…
The paper develops an averaged theory for the nonrelativistic motion of charged particles in a strong magnetic field when the transverse electric field is not assumed weak, so that the electric drift velocity may be comparable to the particle velocity. Using a Hamiltonian formulation with Poisson br…
This paper examines fundamental limits on the information that can be transmitted by an electromagnetic field with finite average power in the presence of thermal radiation. Using thermodynamic reasoning based on Brillouin’s negentropic principle, the authors derive the capacity of a one-dimensional…
This paper examines whether measurements of vibrational relaxation can be used to determine intermolecular repulsive forces in oxygen at energies higher than those directly accessible in many scattering experiments. Using shock tube measurements of highly purified oxygen over 1200 to 6600 K, the aut…
This paper determines the diamagnetic and paramagnetic components of the magnetic susceptibility of diamond, silicon, germanium, and gray tin from X-ray diffraction data on electron-density distributions in their sp3-bonded lattices. The authors calculate Langevin diamagnetic terms, polarizabilities…
This paper develops a group integral approach to electromagnetic wave scattering by statistical ensembles in which both ordinary pair interactions and electrodynamic multiple scattering must be accounted for. Starting from the canonical ensemble expression for the scattered light density matrix, the…
The paper analyzes the saturation of ion sound oscillations excited in a plasma by an electron current when the electron drift velocity exceeds the ion sound speed. Using nonlinear kinetic equations for the spectral function of the electric potential, it argues that a one-dimensional treatment is in…
This note examines whether experimental measurements of the energy spectrum, structure constant, and skewness in locally isotropic turbulence can be reconciled across different flows and Reynolds numbers. Using Kolmogorov’s relations among the inertial-range spectral constant, second-order structure…
This paper presents numerical calculations of the motion and diffusion of enlarged charged particles of different signs and masses in magnetic bottle fields, extending an earlier model for particles of one sign. The equations of motion include external magnetic fields and Coulomb interaction terms, …
