SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This note gives a rigorous justification of the leading short-wave asymptotics for the Green function of the exterior Dirichlet problem for the planar Helmholtz equation outside a smooth convex contour. The construction introduces an approximate Green function assembled from incident, reflected, and…
This paper examines two proposed mechanisms for latent electrophotographic image formation: bulk discharge through photoconductivity with formation of an electric double layer, and loss of real surface charge through electron leakage or related surface processes. The authors introduce an experimenta…
Electron paramagnetic resonance relaxation was investigated in concentrated solutions of alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl to clarify the role of exchange interactions in spin relaxation. Using continuous saturation at 460 MHz, the authors measured T1 and T2 over concentrations from 0.17 to 0…
This paper examines how dispersion and small body size may affect the electron work function of metals, drawing an analogy with the surface-tension term in the chemical potential of solutions. Using a simple potential-box model for the electron gas, the authors derive an inverse-radius correction to…
This paper reports experimental tests of rarefied air filtration through porous bodies in the Knudsen and transition pressure regions, motivated by theoretical predictions of a pseudomolecular flow regime in highly porous media. Using a vacuum apparatus with capillary flow measurement and pressure c…
This paper studies the analytic properties of partial waves of the scattering amplitude in perturbation theory without assuming the Mandelstam representation. Using the Feynman parameter form of scalar equal mass diagrams, it proves that each partial wave is analytic in the complex energy plane cut …
The paper studies the two-dimensional diffraction problem for the exterior of a convex polygon with zero boundary conditions, focusing on the singularities of the time-dependent Green’s function and the resulting high-frequency asymptotics of the stationary Green’s function. It develops a constructi…
This paper investigates the formation stage of centrally ignited spherical flames, addressing the discrepancy between theories that assume immediate establishment of plane-flame characteristics and observations indicating gradual development of burning velocity and temperature. Experiments on a prop…
This paper investigates the origin and stability of molecular emission patterns observed in an electron projector during adsorption of gases and vapors on a field emitter. By varying pressure, anode voltage, and temperature for substances including hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inert g…
This paper calculates the generation power of a plane-parallel optical layer by accounting for nonlinear absorption, with the absorption coefficient taken to depend on radiation density. Using geometrical-optics expressions for the mean radiation density in the layer, the authors derive analytic con…
This study examines the electron-density distribution and atomic scattering factors of aluminum and arsenic ions in aluminum arsenide with the sphalerite structure at 20°C and -100°C. Aluminum arsenide was synthesized in evacuated quartz ampoules, prepared as powder specimens under argon, and measur…
This note studies the statistical structure of kinetic energy dissipation in locally isotropic turbulence, treating dissipation as a random field determined by velocity gradients. Using Kolmogorov’s theory together with Millionshchikov’s normal fourth moment hypothesis, it derives expressions for th…
The paper addresses the problem of localizing the gravitational field in general relativity without contradicting the equivalence principle. It proposes a two-point construction in which the field at a point is defined relative to a reference point by mapping spacetime to the tangent Euclidean space…
This paper formulates an exact system of field equations for a nonideal Fermi-Dirac system with fourfold interaction, intended to treat one-particle excitations together with two-particle bound states of both particle-particle or hole-hole and particle-hole types. Starting from a relation between on…
This paper develops a general kinetic treatment of nonequilibrium charge carrier lifetimes in semiconductors containing arbitrary systems of local levels, including recombination and trapping centers with multiple charge states. Starting from balance equations for electrons, holes, charged centers, …
The paper examines the nature of the 531.8 keV, 3/2+ excited level in Er-167, focusing on why expected E1 transitions to the 207.9 and 265.0 keV negative-parity levels are not observed. The authors compare Weisskopf-Moshkovsky and Nilsson-model estimates with a targeted conversion-electron search us…
This paper proposes a simplified treatment of slow ion neutralization and metastable atom deactivation near metal surfaces by interpreting electron transfer from the metal as a form of cold field emission in the electric field of the approaching particle. Using the Fowler, Nordheim barrier penetrati…
The paper analyzes drift instability in an inhomogeneous plasma placed in a strong uniform magnetic field, emphasizing the role of finite ion Larmor radius effects. Using a kinetic treatment and a quasineutrality dispersion relation for longitudinal perturbations propagating across the density gradi…
This paper develops a theory of thermomolecular pressure differences and thermoosmosis for gases in wide capillaries, where the capillary diameter is much larger than the molecular mean free path. Using the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and Onsager reciprocity, the authors relate the pres…
This paper reports experiments on plasma losses through magnetic slits in the Orekh magnetic trap with fields increasing toward the periphery, comparing quadrupole and octupole coil configurations. Using calorimetry, time resolved bolometry, probes, and spectroscopic temperature measurements, the au…
This note examines reports of anomalous magnetic behavior in organic substances, including broad radio-frequency absorption, positive susceptibility, and apparent saturation magnetization, which had been interpreted as evidence for “pseudoferromagnetism” in ordered macromolecular structures. Dorfman…
This paper formulates exact Green function equations for two-particle bound states in a nonideal Fermi-Dirac system with four-fermion interaction at zero temperature. Starting from the Bethe-Salpeter relation and using particle-number conservation, it derives an additional independent relation betwe…
This paper examines the origin of the odd photomagnetic effect observed when a p-n junction is illuminated in a weak magnetic field. The authors argue that the effect can be explained by ordinary photomagnetic currents in the homogeneous p and n regions, which introduce additional carriers into the …
The paper examines the propagation and deposition of a polydisperse atmospheric admixture released from an instantaneous point source, focusing on when vertical turbulent diffusion can be neglected relative to vertical dispersion caused by differing particle fall velocities. It extends earlier estim…
This paper describes an optical method for detecting first-order phase transitions in transparent polycrystalline salts under static pressure and for using these transitions to calibrate high-pressure chambers for spectral studies. A chamber with rock-salt windows was constructed for pressures up to…
This paper analyzes the form of the electrophotographic isopaque, defined as the dependence of logarithmic exposure on logarithmic light intensity for a fixed crystal charge, within a single local level band model of an n-type crystal. Using kinetic equations for conduction electrons, trapping level…
The paper examines the problem of obtaining sufficiently bright ion projector images of very small tungsten microcrystals, for which normal tip geometry causes image brightness to fall sharply with decreasing radius. The authors propose using short protuberances formed on tungsten tips during contro…
This paper investigates whether cuprous oxide, whose visible exciton spectra were already known to include yellow, green, blue, and violet series, also exhibits exciton-related structure in the ultraviolet region. Using polarized reflection measurements near Brewster’s angle at liquid nitrogen tempe…
This paper investigates the neutral component of secondary emission produced when solid tantalum targets are bombarded by positive alkali ions, with emphasis on whether neutralized primary particles leave the surface with appreciable residual energy. The authors use a two-target apparatus in which c…
This paper develops a method for calculating the electrical conductivity tensor using retarded and advanced two-time temperature Green functions. For electrons scattered by phonons or impurity centers, the current Green function is related to a two-particle Green function whose equation has the form…
This paper analyzes the motion of a liquid drop suspended in another liquid when a maintained concentration gradient of an insoluble surface-active substance produces a nonuniform surface concentration on the drop. Using a slow-motion approximation, the authors couple convective diffusion near the i…
The paper examines the relation between operators in the Heisenberg and interaction representations, focusing on ambiguities that arise in the Dyson matrix and in products involving generalized functions. Using lowest order perturbation theory for a neutral scalar self-interacting field, it argues t…
Elastic scattering of 6.9 MeV protons by separated chromium and zinc isotopes was investigated to examine isotope-dependent differences in angular distributions and their implications for nuclear potential descriptions. Measurements were made for chromium-50, -52, -53, -54 and zinc-64, -68, -70 usin…
This paper investigates an anomalous feature of detonation initiation in low-density powdery explosive charges: under some conditions a small-diameter cased charge detonates from a weak initiator while a larger-diameter charge of the same material does not. Experiments with collodion cotton, finely …
This paper reports an oscillographic study of a third form of electroluminescence in black carborundum crystals containing an electron hole junction, observed under repeated reverse rectangular voltage pulses. Using photomultiplier recordings and single or multiple oscilloscope sweeps, the study com…
This paper reports a nuclear quadrupole resonance study of natural stibnite, Sb2S3, focusing on both crystallographically nonequivalent antimony sites in the rhombic lattice. Using a pulsed quadrupole echo technique, the authors measured resonance frequencies for Sb121 and Sb123 at 300 K and 77 K, d…
This paper extends the theory of wave operators to pairs of unitary operators and proves their existence when the difference of the operators is trace class. Using the Cayley transform, the authors derive corresponding existence and completeness results for pairs of self-adjoint operators under the …
This paper analyzes the energy losses of a charged particle moving along an external magnetic field through an electron plasma, under the assumption that the particle velocity greatly exceeds the thermal velocity of plasma electrons. Using Maxwell’s equations together with electron fluid equations a…
This paper addresses the problem that variational wave functions optimized for energy need not give reliable matrix elements of operators other than the Hamiltonian, such as transition moments or dipole moments. It considers expansions of approximate stationary-state functions by terms involving pow…
This paper interprets the corrected niobium emission band L beta2, previously adjusted for level width and instrumental distortion, in order to relate its spectral form to the character of bonding in solid niobium. The authors divide the band into a short-wavelength component attributed to collectiv…
This paper presents an independent calculation of detonation wave parameters for condensed explosives using equations of state for the principal detonation products derived from shock compressibility data rather than fitted directly to detonation experiments. The authors construct component equation…
The paper derives an effective Hamiltonian for a uniaxial ferromagnet that includes electron magnetic interactions, with particular attention to spin orbit and spin spin terms. Starting from a many electron energy operator constructed by the correspondence principle, the author rewrites the Hamilton…
This paper examines the criterion for superconductivity in the Fröhlich model of a metal when the Coulomb interaction between electrons is included. Using one-particle and two-particle Green’s functions, the analysis studies the stability of the normal state through the appearance of pair excitation…
This study compares angular, energy, and mass distributions of fragments from fission of uranium 238 induced by 14 MeV neutrons and by continuous spectrum photons with maximum energy 35 MeV. Using a double pulse gridded ionization chamber and simultaneous recording of fragment energy and angle depen…
This paper addresses the disagreement between previously reported low and high values of the light scattering constant of benzene. The authors propose a comparative method designed to avoid refraction corrections by matching benzene with dilute polychlorostyrene solutions of nearly identical refract…
This note studies the analytic behavior in the angular momentum variable of the elastic pion pion scattering partial amplitudes within Chew Mandelstam type integral equations. By writing the amplitude as a ratio of functions satisfying coupled integral relations, and by using iteration together with…
This paper reports measurements of slightly inelastic scattering of 660 MeV protons by carbon-12 nuclei at small angles, motivated by the need to distinguish such processes from elastic diffraction scattering in polarization studies. Energy spectra of secondary protons were measured with a magnetic …
The paper examines the origin and treatment of “surface” divergences in the Hamiltonian formalism of quantum field theory within Bogoliubov’s method, using the second order boson self-energy contribution in a scalar interaction as the main example. It argues that these divergences arise when the swi…
This paper studies elementary excitations in a superconducting Fermi system at nonzero temperature, extending earlier analyses of collective modes at zero temperature. Starting from a four-operator Hamiltonian, it derives coupled equations for two-time Green’s functions using a decoupling approximat…
