SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper reports high temperature measurements of the enthalpy of tungsten between 2408 and 2820 degrees Celsius, extending previous experimental ranges for this metal. The authors used the mixing method with a reconstructed tungsten heater furnace, optical pyrometric temperature measurement, and …
This paper reports experimental results on inelastic proton-neutron interactions at 9 BeV, based on 236 selected events recorded in nuclear emulsion exposed to the internal proton beam of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research synchrophasotron. The authors analyze charged-particle multiplicities, …
A theory is developed for the small-signal kinetics of minority carriers in the base region of a p-n junction containing trapping levels with arbitrary capture cross section and binding energy. Solving coupled diffusion, recombination, trapping, and thermal release equations, the paper derives the c…
The paper examines the formation of collisionless shock waves in rarefied plasma when no strong transverse magnetic field is present, focusing on the role of velocity-space anisotropy rather than beam instability. Using the linearized kinetic and Maxwell equations, the authors derive conditions for …
The paper proposes magnetohydrodynamic vortices as a possible mechanism for solar ejections, including active and eruptive prominences and flares. Drawing on laboratory experiments with toroidal plasma vortices and jets, it describes their stability, plasmoid formation, magnetic-field structure, vel…
This paper develops a quantitative theory for direct current passage through an immobile solution of a symmetric binary electrolyte in a capillary, without assuming a prior separation into an electroneutral diffusion region and a Gouy diffuse layer. Starting from diffusion kinetic equations coupled …
This paper examines anomalous dispersion of birefringence near a narrow, strongly polarized absorption line in europium chloride hexahydrate crystals. It develops and applies an optical method using a Babinet compensator, crossed Nicols, and spectrographic recording to measure the displacement of in…
This paper reports experimental determinations of the enthalpy and heat capacity of tungsten over an extended high-temperature range up to 2400 degrees Celsius, addressing discrepancies and limited coverage in earlier measurements. Using the mixing method with polished powder-metallurgy tungsten sam…
This paper develops a theory of alpha decay within the nuclear superfluid model, focusing on how superconducting-type pair correlations of protons and neutrons affect decay probabilities and hindrance factors. Using quasiparticle wave functions and an averaged alpha-formation operator, it derives ma…
The paper develops a kinetic description of homogeneous quasi-equilibrium turbulent processes in plasma when the intensity of plasma waves is too large for standard one-particle kinetic equations to be closed. Using equations for microscopic distribution fluctuations and field correlations, it deriv…
This paper examines delayed proton emission following positron beta decay in neutron-deficient light and medium nuclei, a phenomenon for which prior discussions lacked systematic estimates of occurrence, candidate isotopes, and delay times. Using mass estimates for neutron-deficient nuclei, mirror-n…
The study examines the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of iodine under high pressures in order to estimate how its semiconductor band gap changes with compression. Electrical resistance was measured for chemically pure iodine from 20 to 135 degrees Celsius at pressures between 30…
This paper derives expressions for the particle flux vector and mass tensor of a relativistic ideal multicomponent gas in an arbitrary Einstein gravitational field in terms of the gas distribution functions. Using the previously established kinetic equation, it proves that the divergence of each spe…
This paper develops a finite-temperature treatment of a nonideal Bose gas with pair interactions, extending Bogolyubov’s zero-temperature theory by using two-time temperature Green functions. After separating the condensate through a c-number shift, the author derives matrix equations of motion, int…
This study investigates the angular distribution of fast particles reflected from metallic and graphite surfaces under grazing irradiation by 30 keV singly charged argon ions. Using a Faraday-type detector capable of measuring both reflected ions and neutralized fast particles through secondary-elec…
This paper derives generalized microscopic equations for superconductivity in an inhomogeneous fermion superfluid at arbitrary temperature, allowing the superconducting energy gap to depend on position as well as temperature. Starting from temperature Green function equations with an external vector…
This paper develops a statistical description of turbulent mixing in a nonisothermal axisymmetric jet issuing into a coflowing stream. Using conservation of volume and momentum, a generalized Taylor diffusion relation, and a working hypothesis of equal mean velocities for the intermingled media, the…
This paper examines the behavior of magnetic field lines in fields close to symmetric configurations, a problem relevant to approximate descriptions of plasma motion. It argues that replacing the exact field line equations by averaged equations can give a qualitatively incorrect boundary between reg…
The paper addresses the recovery of a true angular radiation intensity distribution from measurements made with a wide-angle receiver, where the observed brightness is smoothed by the receiver’s angular sensitivity. It formulates the measurement as an integral equation relating the measured field, t…
This study examines how hydrostatic pressure affects the room-temperature crystal structure of tetragonal barium titanate, a ferroelectric material whose lattice distortion is small and therefore difficult to resolve by conventional high-pressure X-ray methods. The authors constructed a special atta…
This paper develops a method for incorporating short-range repulsive forces into the equilibrium statistical description of a classical multicomponent system of Coulomb particles. Starting from the Bogolyubov chain equations, it introduces a separation of the short-range factor and expands the effec…
The paper examines the stability of Hartmann flow of a highly conducting incompressible viscous liquid between parallel plates across a magnetic field, focusing on the limiting case of large Hartmann number where the velocity is nearly uniform outside thin boundary layers. In a frame moving with the…
This paper investigates whether relatively slow potassium ions can excite valence electrons into the conduction band of germanium, a process often neglected in treatments of ion implantation and sputtering at velocities well below the Bohr velocity. The authors measure transient changes in the condu…
This paper develops a statistical mechanical treatment of energy and particle transport between two systems connected by a capillary or membrane and maintained at different temperatures and chemical potentials. Using conservation laws, nonequilibrium statistical operators, and a linear expansion in …
The paper examines how experimentally observed absorption spectra in condensed media differ from the true spectral characteristics of absorbing particles. By comparing energy absorption expressions based on Bouguer’s law with Einstein absorption coefficients, it derives a frequency dependent correct…
This paper examines the theoretical determination and transferability of electro-optical parameters used to calculate intensities and polarizations in infrared absorption spectra of polyatomic molecules. Within the valence-optical framework, the authors analyze the inverse problem of deriving bond d…
The paper examines the quasilinear development of electrostatic instability in a rarefied fully ionized plasma placed in a strong magnetic field, where oscillation frequencies and plasma pressure are small relative to the corresponding magnetic scales. By expanding the quasilinear kinetic equations …
The paper develops a parametrization of the proper orthochronous Lorentz group by a three-dimensional complex vector and derives the corresponding composition law. Using a matrix representation built from antisymmetric matrices associated with the parameter, it shows how rotations, boosts, and their…
This paper examines the mechanism by which a latent electrophotographic image forms in zinc oxide layers, focusing on the role of a surface potential barrier in the discharge of surface charge under illumination. The authors propose a model in which negative surface charges are trapped in a potentia…
This paper examines how to separate the self-consistent Hartree-Fock field from the residual interaction in the superfluid, or pairing, model of the nucleus. Starting from a general fermion Hamiltonian, it derives the corresponding mean field, diagonalizes the one-particle part, and then applies the…
Using an electron-optical converter with light amplification, the authors examine the development of negative impulse sparks in rod to plane and rod to rod-on-plane gaps at voltages near the minimum breakdown value. The observations resolve a stepwise negative leader process, associated impulse-coro…
The paper analyzes phase oscillations of particles in accelerators whose parameters undergo small random perturbations. Using a linearized oscillator equation with slowly varying coefficients, delta-correlated random forcing, a WKB approximation, and the Fokker-Planck method, it derives a diffusion …
This paper develops a statistical description of homogeneous isotropic turbulence in a relativistic plasma using microscopic phase-space densities and electromagnetic fields treated as random functions. Within a second-moment approximation and a linearized treatment of fluctuations, it derives a clo…
This paper develops a simple scalar field model within a formalism of quantized space-time, where coordinates are noncommuting operators and field-theoretic constructions are formulated in curved momentum space. It defines the interaction and formal S-matrix using a modified convolution, volume elem…
This study examines whether the sensitivity of nuclear photographic emulsions can be controlled during irradiation by changing the concentration of free hydrogen ions. Unsupported type P emulsions were irradiated with gamma rays, neutrons, recoil protons, and relativistic protons while immersed in a…
This study applies electron positron annihilation measurements to examine how ordering affects the maximum momenta of conduction electrons in Ni3Mn, Cu3Au, and CuAu alloys. Angular distributions of annihilation photons were measured for ordered and disordered specimens prepared by quenching and anne…
This paper proposes an approximate procedure for computing a Regge pole relevant to high energy diffraction scattering, using analyticity, unitarity, threshold behavior, and constraints excluding unobserved bound and ghost states. The Regge trajectory is represented as a polynomial in a conformal va…
This paper examines the generalized-function character of commutation functions, field operators, and state vectors in scalar quantum field theory, focusing on the ambiguities that arise when singular “explicit” commutator expressions are used directly. It proposes replacing such expressions by limi…
This paper develops a revised theory of thermophoresis for large solid aerosol particles whose radius greatly exceeds the gas mean free path, addressing the disagreement between earlier Maxwell and Epstein based treatments and experiment. Using the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and Onsage…
This paper develops a theory of fluctuations of particle distribution functions in a collisionless plasma, including both Coulomb interactions and transverse electromagnetic fields. Starting from exact microscopic equations for phase densities and electromagnetic fields, the authors derive space-tim…
This paper analyzes how externally forced lattice oscillations affect the spectrum of gamma quanta scattered by a crystal, with motivation from the difficulty of observing weak one-phonon peaks using available Mössbauer sources. Using an S-matrix treatment of Rayleigh scattering, with the electromag…
The paper examines the ambiguity in defining four momentum in Snyder type quantized space time, where momentum space is represented by a five dimensional hypersphere admitting multiple relativistically covariant parametrizations. It compares geodesic, stereographic, and orthogonal projections, deriv…
This study examines the fine structure of the titanium X-ray emission spectrum in titanium carbonitrides in order to test the proposed interpretation of the \(K_{\beta''}\) satellite as arising from transitions involving valence levels of neighboring anions. Spectra of titanium carbide, nitride, and…
This note examines the role of counterterms in the dispersion approach to quantum field theory, focusing on counterterms associated with mass renormalization. Using the infinite system of coupled dispersion equations, together with the stability condition for one-particle states, the authors argue t…
This paper proposes and tests a laboratory method for producing strong shock waves in glass shock tubes using shaped-charge cumulative jets rather than impulse discharges or conventional explosive drivers. The experimental setup used small lined shaped charges in a rarefied explosion chamber, with s…
The paper addresses the regularization of coefficient functions in the perturbative scattering matrix of quantum electrodynamics, where products of causal generalized functions have singularities that prevent direct interpretation as continuous functionals on Schwartz space. It proposes a local smoo…
This paper analyzes how inhomogeneity in a thin gas film between two bodies modifies the disjoining pressure beyond the standard attraction associated with fluctuating electromagnetic fields. Treating molecular attraction to the plates as an external field, the authors derive thermodynamic expressio…
A quantum theory is formulated for a rotating and deformable particle modeled as a homogeneous deformable body with nine degrees of freedom, three rotational and six deformational, generalizing the rigid asymmetric top. The paper first writes the corresponding classical Hamiltonian system, derives P…
This paper derives quasilinear equations for a quantum plasma, motivated by weakly turbulent carrier plasmas in solids. Starting from the density matrix in the Wigner representation coupled to a self-consistent electrostatic field, the analysis separates averaged and oscillating components and obtai…
This paper examines the pressure-induced transition of solid helium to a metallic state by applying perturbation theory to the Hartree-Fock equations for a helium crystal. The authors classify electron states using the symmetry representations of the face-centered cubic lattice and calculate, to sec…
