SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
The paper examines whether nonzero electric charge and the construction of a charge operator can be derived from the standard Wightman axioms together with gradient invariance. It analyzes vacuum expectation functions, their analytic continuation under the complex Lorentz group, and the role of the …
The paper proposes a method for recording time sweeps of spectral line contours by combining an electron-optical light amplifier with a Fabry-Perot interferometer and a preliminary-dispersion monochromator. The authors argue that sweeping the image electronically across the amplifier screen avoids t…
This paper reports measurements of the saturated vapor pressure of metallic scandium, a quantity important for vacuum sublimation methods used to obtain high-purity scandium. The authors used an integral Knudsen effusion method with tantalum crucibles and quartz condensate receivers, determining con…
This paper examines the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity in solids by relating carrier scattering to both dynamic lattice vibrations and static displacements caused by impurities and defects. Using a Debye approximation and the Debye Waller treatment of mean square ionic displacement…
This paper analyzes how noise radiation affects the spectral composition and angular distribution of emission from a finite plane-parallel layer with negative absorption. Using wave-optical expressions derived from Maxwell’s equations together with a nonlinear absorption coefficient, the authors com…
The paper analyzes temperature separation during free molecular expansion of an initially equilibrium ideal gas into vacuum, assuming noninteracting particles with an initial Maxwellian velocity distribution. It formulates density and energy integrals for centrally symmetric initial volumes and deri…
This note examines stationary adiabatic motions of an ideal gas in special relativistic hydrodynamics, allowing entropy to vary between streamlines. By introducing a pseudo-velocity, auxiliary density, and heat function, the relativistic conservation equations are transformed into the equations for …
This paper examines discrepancies between calculated and experimental second moments of proton nuclear magnetic resonance signals in solids, especially ice, where rigid-lattice Van Vleck calculations give values below observation. The authors argue that the zero-point uncertainty of proton positions…
This paper examines the origin of the strong anisotropy of cathode sputtering coefficients in single crystals, focusing on the proposed role of focused atomic collisions that transfer ion energy into the crystal interior. Using zinc single crystals with a hexagonal close-packed lattice, the authors …
This paper investigates the piezospectroscopic effect in synthetic ruby crystals as a means of identifying the nature of chromium-related absorption and luminescence centers. Oriented crystals were subjected at 77 K to uniaxial compression along selected crystallographic directions, and shifts, spli…
This paper reports shock compression measurements for liquid nitrogen and solid carbon dioxide, substances relevant to the products of condensed explosive detonation, at pressures far beyond those accessible by static methods. Plane shock waves were generated using explosive charges and high velocit…
This paper derives a superconductivity criterion from the normal state by analyzing the onset of an instability in the Bethe-Salpeter equation for a two-electron bound state in an electron-phonon system with Coulomb interaction. The argument reformulates the equation in relative momentum and energy …
This paper examines resonant excitation of one-dimensional fast and slow magnetosonic oscillations in a bounded conducting fluid within ideal magnetohydrodynamics, focusing on regimes where nonlinear effects dominate direct dissipation. Using approximate invariants and boundary conditions that excit…
This note studies four-dimensional Einstein spaces of hyperbolic signature satisfying \(R_{ik}=\varkappa g_{ik}\), with nonzero constant cosmological term, from the standpoint of maximal mobility and Petrov’s algebraic classification of the curvature tensor. Using criteria based on Lie derivatives o…
This paper derives approximate light reflection and transmission characteristics for optically thick scattering layers with small specific absorption. Starting from the exact radiative transfer solution for a semi-infinite medium, the author expands the brightness coefficient for small absorption an…
The paper analyzes the motion of a charged particle in a plane electromagnetic wave when a homogeneous magnetic field is applied parallel to the wave vector. By reformulating the relativistic equations of motion in terms of the particle’s phase relative to the wave, it shows that a resonance can occ…
This paper reports measurements of the temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of spectrally pure polycrystalline graphite under pressures from 30,000 to 250,000 kg/cm². Using a high-pressure apparatus, the authors heated the sample electrically and inferred temperature-dependent resista…
This paper develops a semi-quantitative method for estimating the diamagnetic component of magnetic susceptibility in crystals from experimentally determined X-ray electron-density distributions. Starting from the relation between susceptibility and the mean square radii of electron orbits, it separ…
This paper addresses the splitting of nonevolutionary magnetohydrodynamic shock waves, for which infinitesimal perturbations can produce finite changes in the solution. It proposes a general method, without restrictions on medium parameters or shock intensity, for determining the resulting combinati…
This paper examines the origin of the two-peaked current waveform observed in high-current pulsed toroidal discharges with a stabilizing longitudinal magnetic field in Tokamak-type installations. Using Shafranov’s equilibrium expression, modified to include a small transverse magnetic-field componen…
This paper describes a form of wave photography in which the standing wave pattern produced by interference between incident radiation and radiation scattered by an object is recorded throughout a photosensitive volume. The author develops a scalar wave treatment, using a weak dielectric perturbatio…
This paper reports an experimental study of the Raman scattering spectrum of an alpha quartz single crystal after irradiation with a high dose of fast neutrons. Using photographic and photoelectric spectroscopic methods, the authors compare irradiated quartz with the same material before irradiation…
This study investigates whether the ferroelectric perovskite BiFeO3 also exhibits magnetic ordering, using neutron diffraction on sintered stoichiometric samples at room and elevated temperatures. Additional diffraction maxima not attributable to nuclear scattering disappear above about 400 degrees …
This paper examines an exactly solvable model of quantum field theory with interacting particles of three types, designed to clarify the appearance of ghost states under violations of crossing symmetry. Using Green’s functions in sectors with fixed conserved quantum numbers, the authors derive the o…
This paper analyzes the probability of phononless optical transitions in impurity centers of crystals, motivated by the analogy with recoil-free gamma transitions in the Mössbauer effect but emphasizing the different origin of lattice coupling in optical processes. Using the Condon approximation and…
This paper investigates how spherical curvature affects the normal propagation velocity of laminar flames in lean propane air mixtures, a question relevant to flame stability, combustion near ignition limits, and flame propagation in confined or low pressure conditions. Detached nearly spherical bur…
This paper investigates the radial plasma density distribution in the positive column of a helium gas discharge subjected to a longitudinal magnetic field above the instability threshold. Using movable spherical probe measurements in a long glass discharge tube, together with measurements of the lon…
This paper examines whether the Lee model can be formulated in Hamiltonian terms by replacing the formal divergent Hamiltonian with a self-adjoint extension of its restriction to vectors annihilated by the interaction. The analysis shows that in the three-dimensional model, within the ordinary Hilbe…
Electron paramagnetic resonance was used to examine anhydrous copper salts of propionic, n-butyric, n-valeric, n-caproic, and n-capric acids in polycrystalline form and, for several salts, in solutions of the corresponding anhydrous fatty acids. Measurements at 9320 MHz at room temperature and 77 K …
Paramagnetic absorption was measured by the Q-meter method in solid vanadyl sulfate hydrate and in aqueous vanadyl sulfate solutions over several concentrations and radiofrequencies. Spin-lattice relaxation times and internal-field constants were determined from two-frequency susceptibility measurem…
The paper analyzes the stability of a cylindrical plasma jet in a magnetic field using magnetohydrodynamic equations for stationary helical flows of an ideally conducting incompressible fluid. It derives linearized equations and boundary conditions for helical waves in a plasma cylinder, then examin…
This paper examines the possible multiple production of nucleon and antinucleon pairs by thermal photons in an open cosmological model filled with equilibrium radiation. Using detailed balance for the inverse of two-photon annihilation, it estimates the probability of single and multiple pair creati…
This paper derives a temperature coefficient for the surface tension of liquid metals using a statistical electron theory of the metal surface. The calculation extends earlier work by including anharmonic ion vibrations, thermal expansion, changes in ion vibration behavior across the surface transit…
This paper examines how the phonon frequency spectrum of a crystal lattice influences the Debye Waller temperature factor governing X-ray, neutron, and electron scattering intensities. Starting from harmonic lattice vibrations, it generalizes the usual Debye treatment to a family of spectra of the f…
This paper analyzes how plasma polarization and interaction with weakly damped sound waves affect transport coefficients in a nonisothermal plasma with electron temperature much greater than ion temperature. Using a kinetic equation with a polarization-corrected collision integral, the electron dist…
This paper studies the nonstationary response of a baroclinic, isothermally stratified atmosphere to weak perturbations, focusing on the influence function for a point source. Starting from the linearized hydrodynamic equations, the author reduces the system to an equation for the vertical mass flux…
This study examines whether elastic properties and internal friction show anomalies near the antiferroelectric Curie point, using polycrystalline ceramic specimens of lead magnesium tungstate, PbMg1/2W1/2O3. Elastic compliance and logarithmic damping decrement were measured with a composite resonato…
The paper derives a Boltzmann kinetic equation for a relativistic ideal gas in an arbitrary Einstein gravitational field, addressing the difficulty that the usual distribution function depends on a global time synchronization unavailable in general relativity. It formulates particle states as elemen…
This paper examines Dirac’s proposal that the gravitational constant varies with cosmic time and argues that, if conservation of total energy and charge is imposed together with an empirical relation between particle number and world time, the variation should differ from Dirac’s law. The author der…
The paper formulates a general theory of kinetic phenomena in ideal crystals where current carriers have anomalously low mobility due to strong electron, phonon coupling and small-polaron localization. Starting from general expressions for kinetic coefficients, it develops a modified resolvent expan…
This paper examines whether a reported “negative” enrichment effect, in which the light component of a gas mixture becomes enriched at the cold end, occurs during thermal diffusion through porous media. The authors measured separation in H2, Ar, H2, Kr, and He, Kr mixtures across porous specimens un…
This paper analyzes internal symmetry in axiomatic quantum field theory under the assumption of conserved spatial parity, with attention to gradient invariance, isospin, and hypercharge. It argues that ordinary spatial reflection is incompatible with gradient-invariant theories unless accompanied by…
The paper investigates infrared electroluminescence in cuprous oxide, distinguishing emission observed with positive parent copper from a second type produced when a metallic electrode, especially aluminum, acts as the cathode. Using oxidized copper and separated cuprous oxide plates with transparen…
This paper tests a key experimental claim supporting the Laval-Raman theory of crystal elasticity, which predicts unequal shear moduli for ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in contrast to classical elasticity. Using a pulsed ultrasonic method in the 30 to 90 MHz range on precisely oriented X- and Z-cut …
This paper determines the space-time conditions under which an ideal gas can have a relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in a gravitational field. By inserting the distribution function into the relativistic kinetic equation, it shows that gases containing particles with nonzero rest mass req…
The paper examines how characteristics beyond mass and lifetime may be assigned to unstable particles when such particles are treated as virtual intermediate resonant states between stable initial and final particles. Using a nonrelativistic field-theoretic model with parity-nonconserving coupling, …
This study applies electron paramagnetic resonance to investigate photoinduced surface centers on powdered zinc oxide under ultraviolet and visible illumination, with varied temperature, vacuum, oxygen exposure, and adsorbed vapors. Illumination at 77 K produced signals at g = 1.964 and g = 2.018, w…
This paper develops a perturbative Green function approach to generalize the spin wave method for an isotropic ferromagnet with nearest neighbor exchange, aiming to calculate both spin wave energies and damping beyond the usual low temperature approximation. Using the Holstein Primakoff representati…
This paper examines whether a two-term molecular law of friction, in which friction depends both on normal load and on molecular adhesion over the true contact area, applies to polymer materials under high compressive loads. Static friction was measured for polished steel in contact with films of fl…
This paper reports measurements of ultrasonic velocity in nitrogen, argon, and helium at high densities, with pressures up to 3500 atm at 25 degrees Celsius. Using the Debye and Sears optical diffraction method in a high pressure vessel, the authors determined sound velocities from ultrasonic gratin…
