SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper reports room temperature measurements of the electrical resistance of several semiconducting elements under static pressures up to 250,000 to 300,000 kg/cm². The authors examine boron, graphite, silicon, germanium, black phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, and iodine, comparing the observed …
The paper develops a theoretical estimate for defects produced in solids when gamma emission creates energetic recoil atoms. Treating the recoil event as effectively instantaneous, the authors divide energy dissipation into an early high energy density stage, in which defect formation is most probab…
The paper addresses the observed asymmetry of hydrogen spectral lines in dense plasma, especially the stronger blue maximum in the profiles of the H beta and H delta lines at charged particle densities above about 10^16 cm^-3. It argues that a homogeneous Stark field cannot account for this effect a…
The paper examines low-temperature absorption and luminescence spectra of highly pure gallium phosphide crystals, focusing on narrow and broad emission lines associated with local centers and their coupling to lattice phonons. Spectra recorded at 4.2 K reveal about one hundred luminescence lines, in…
This study examines photoinduced electron paramagnetic resonance signals in microcrystalline organic dyes, focusing on triphenylmethane and xanthene compounds under visible illumination. Using evacuated quartz ampoules with controlled admission of oxygen, quinone vapor, and water vapor, the authors …
This note relates analytic continuation results for Legendre polynomial expansions to Hadamard’s multiplication theorem for power series, using Faber’s correspondence between the singularities of the two representations. It observes that the Gunson and Taylor theorem on termwise products of Legendre…
This paper interprets low-temperature electronic absorption spectra of sodium, ammonium, tetramethylammonium, and potassium dichromate crystals, focusing on the narrow bands at the long-wavelength absorption edge and broader structure toward higher frequencies. It argues against attributing the obse…
This paper investigates discrepancies between reported reflection and absorption spectra of cuprous oxide in the light-blue and blue spectral regions, focusing on whether they arise from deformation stresses in thin samples attached to substrates. Low-temperature absorption and reflection measuremen…
This paper analyzes established nonlinear relativistic electrostatic waves excited in a cold one-dimensional plasma by relativistic charged-particle beams. Using relativistic hydrodynamic equations with self-consistent fields, it reduces the stationary nonlinear problem to quadratures and derives ex…
This paper investigates the electron-density distribution in gray tin, a diamond-structure group IV semiconductor with unusually large diamagnetic susceptibility and a small forbidden-band width. X-ray powder diffraction measurements using Cu K alpha radiation were performed at room temperature and …
This study investigates how the cathode sputtering coefficient of polycrystalline copper depends on the angle of incidence of 27 keV argon ions, extending measurements from normal incidence to grazing angles up to 84 degrees. Using a double focusing ion beam apparatus under high vacuum, the authors …
This paper examines light scattering in nonstratifying binary solutions and argues that observed anomalies can be explained by Rayleigh scattering theory combined with the thermodynamic theory of solution stability. By reformulating the Rayleigh constant in terms of the second derivative of the mola…
This paper reports an experimental study of the Stark effect on exciton absorption lines in thin single crystals of cadmium sulfide at 4.2 K, motivated by the relation between electric-field effects, exciton motion, and exciton size. The authors examine different orientations of the external electri…
This paper addresses the physical processes responsible for high charge concentrations near the negative glow in cold-cathode metallic arcs, focusing on whether such arcs occur in distinct forms. Using measurements of minimum arc-burning potentials for various pure metal cathodes in short vacuum arc…
This study examines how excess photon energy is partitioned between emitted electrons and molecular ions during gas-phase photoionization of benzene, aniline, methylaniline, and dimethylaniline. Using a retarding-field cylindrical condenser with vacuum ultraviolet radiation, the authors measured ele…
This paper investigates the rapid appearance of fine-grained fog during prolonged development of nuclear emulsions, a process that limits further development while track grain density for relativistic particles approaches saturation. Experiments on thin unexposed emulsion layers show that the fine f…
This paper examines general properties of the superfluid model of the nucleus, focusing on how ground and two quasiparticle excited states depend on the pairing interaction constant. Using numerical calculations for a neutron system with 106 particles and comparisons with strongly deformed nuclei, i…
This paper analyzes the motion of spherical liquid and solid particles in electrolyte solutions subjected to mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic fields. Using viscous hydrodynamic equations with electromagnetic volume forces and appropriate boundary conditions, the authors derive expression…
This paper examines the role of gas bubbles in shock ignition of liquid explosives, emphasizing that bubble collapse is an inertial process and cannot be adequately described by simple adiabatic compression to the external shock pressure. Experiments are described in which shock waves in water compr…
This paper applies the information entropy of a random variable to probability distributions of arbitrary dynamical variables in quantum systems, treating entropy as a measure of uncertainty in the possible measured values of an observable. The authors discuss general features of continuous and disc…
This paper compares laminar and turbulent burning velocities of methane, propane, and butane air mixtures with known high-temperature self-ignition delays as functions of mixture composition. Using constant-volume bomb measurements and photographic flame recording, the authors show that methane and …
This paper examines dislocation pile-ups in crystals containing impurities, addressing discrepancies between observed dislocation distributions and theories that assume freely gliding dislocations stopped by strong barriers. The authors propose a model in which an initial obstacle starts the pile-up…
This study examines how chemisorbed chlorine and iodine affect the electron work function of spectrally pure iron under varied gas pressures and interaction temperatures. Contact potential differences were measured by the vibrating capacitor method after exposing reduced and degassed iron to halide …
This study examines how temperature affects optical absorption in polycrystalline cadmium sulfide films, with particular attention to the long-wavelength absorption region near 4600 to 5070 Å. CdS layers were prepared by vacuum sublimation in vacuum, argon, or hydrogen sulfide on substrates heated t…
The paper derives dispersion relations for invariant amplitudes describing Compton scattering of photons by nucleons. Using a gauge invariant decomposition into six scalar amplitudes, crossing symmetry, Cauchy’s theorem, and low energy constraints, it formulates relations whose subtraction constants…
This paper proposes a relativistic generalization of the Schrödinger equation for two spinless particles that retains three independent variables, in contrast to the Bethe-Salpeter approach. Working in a velocity representation, it treats velocity space as a three-dimensional Lobachevsky space and d…
This paper develops a theoretical treatment of gamma emission and absorption by impurity nuclei in a crystal lattice, allowing the equilibrium positions and normal vibration frequencies of the lattice to depend on the nuclear state. Using an adiabatic description of the coupled nucleus, lattice, and…
This paper investigates the emission of unusually high energy helium fragments in nuclear disintegrations, a phenomenon not readily explained by evaporation, fission, or existing cascade and fluctuation models. Photographic emulsion stacks irradiated with 9 GeV protons at the Dubna synchrophasotron …
This paper reexamines transverse propagation of high-frequency waves in a homogeneous magnetoactive plasma, focusing on narrow forbidden frequency zones predicted by nonrelativistic kinetic theory near electron gyrofrequency harmonics. By incorporating the relativistic dependence of electron mass on…
This study investigates changes in the electrical resistance of several metals and Wood’s alloy under very high pressures up to 250,000 kg/cm², with the aim of identifying possible polymorphic transformations marked by abrupt resistance changes. Measurements were made at room temperature on wire spe…
This paper investigates whether detonation in condensed liquid explosives has a nonuniform front analogous to that observed in gaseous detonations. Using end-face photographic recording, the authors examine detonation propagation in transparent nitromethane and nitromethane-acetone mixtures of varyi…
This paper examines possible cosmic fluxes of neutrinos and antineutrinos in free space and their implications for cosmology. It estimates contributions from primordial neutron decay, stellar nuclear reactions, and cosmic-ray interactions in galaxies, arguing that such fluxes could preserve informat…
This paper analyzes a form of apparent scattering of charged quasiparticles in metals and semiconductors that arises from singular points of the dispersion relation in momentum space rather than from force centers in real space. Using the semiclassical equations of motion in weakly varying electroma…
This study reports direct calorimetric measurements of the constant-volume heat capacity of water and water vapor at temperatures up to 500 degrees Celsius and pressures up to 800 atmospheres, extending earlier work with improved stirring and reduced heat-loss effects. Measurements along several iso…
This paper reports evidence for a new neutron-deficient isotope, Ir-183, produced among the spallation products of gold irradiated with 660 MeV protons. The authors radiochemically separated iridium from irradiated gold, periodically isolated daughter osmium, and measured osmium decay activities to …
This study examines the distribution of electron density in gallium antimonide as part of an investigation of bonding in group III antimonide semiconductor compounds. Using X-ray powder diffraction with Cu K alpha radiation, the authors determined structure amplitudes, calculated atomic scattering f…
This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of heterocharge, electric field, potential, and carrier concentrations in photoelectrets using a band model with donor and acceptor levels under illumination and a polarizing field. Starting from stationary transport, trapping, and Poisson equations, it d…
This note examines formal divergences in the Brueckner-Goldstone perturbation expansion for the ground-state energy of a nonideal Fermi-Dirac system with regular interactions. It formulates a criterion for divergences caused by simultaneous vanishing of energy denominators at the Fermi surface, show…
The paper examines diurnal and seasonal variations in the far field of long radio waves by treating the ionosphere as a slowly varying medium along the propagation path. Using an expansion in a small parameter, the field is represented as a spectrum of modulated normal waves, with simplified ionosph…
This study examines how preparation conditions affect the fine structure of low-temperature absorption spectra in polycrystalline cadmium sulfide films. CdS films of varied thickness were deposited in vacuum, argon, or hydrogen sulfide on substrates with different preheating temperatures, and their …
This paper examines beta decay in strongly deformed nuclei within the superconducting, or superfluid, nuclear model based on quasiparticle pairing correlations. It formulates general rules for calculating rearrangement corrections to beta-transition probabilities when the superconducting properties …
The paper studies nonstationary wave propagation in an inhomogeneous half-space with depth-dependent velocity, focusing on the formation of a geometrical shadow region and the behavior of the sliding wave front. Using the method of separating the nonanalytic part, the solution is represented by inte…
This study examines the quenching spheres associated with nonradiative transfer of electronic excitation energy between triplet levels in sensitized phosphorescence of organic compounds in frozen solid solutions. Luminescence intensities and spectra were measured for numerous donor and acceptor pair…
This paper compares experimental profiles of the hydrogen H-alpha and H-beta lines in arc plasma and shock-tube plasmas with theoretical contours calculated by the Griem, Kolb, and Shen theory, which includes combined ion and electron broadening. The authors use line profiles recorded in a carbon ar…
This paper examines the penetration of a prescribed, axially symmetric surface pressure into a compressible liquid under an isentropic polytropic equation of state. Treating the resulting elementary disturbances as approximate Riemann waves for moderate pressures, it derives envelope equations for c…
This paper generalizes spectral line growth curves from homogeneous absorbing layers to inhomogeneous high-temperature plasmas described by the Bartels and Cowan-Dieke source models. It formulates reabsorption and deviation functions for Voigt line profiles, presents numerical values for the Cowan-D…
This paper investigates spontaneous triple fission of curium-242, specifically events accompanied by emission of a long-range alpha particle, and compares the phenomenon with previously studied neutron-induced fission of uranium and plutonium isotopes. The authors used a photographic-plate method wi…
This paper reports measurements of neutron induced two neutron emission cross sections for carbon 12, nitrogen 14, oxygen 16, and fluorine 19 in the approximate energy range 10 to 35 MeV, motivated by the limited data for light nuclei and their use as threshold neutron detectors. Neutrons were produ…
The study investigates low-lying energy levels of the even-even nuclei Gd-156 and Gd-158 formed by thermal neutron capture on enriched Gd-155 and Gd-157. Gamma-ray spectra and internal-conversion electron spectra were measured with magnetic spectrometers, allowing construction of transition schemes …
This study examines how atomic oxygen affects flame propagation and low-pressure combustion limits in propane, butane, and oxygen mixtures, with attention to the relation between ordinary flames and atomic flames. Oxygen atoms were generated in a glow discharge and introduced into a low-pressure com…
