SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines how stereochemical differences in D-homo-equilenin, D-homo-estrone, and related isomers affect their fragmentation under electron impact mass spectrometry. The authors compare spectra of methyl ethers of D-homo-equilenin and its 14-beta isomer, as well as D-homo-estrone, its 8-al…
This study examines how chemisorbed fluorine affects the electron work function of spectrally pure iron, extending earlier work on oxygen and halogens. Contact potential differences were measured by the vibrating-capacitor method after exposing reduced and degassed iron to fluorine at room temperatu…
This paper determines the structures of the oxycoumarins xanthogalol and zosimol, obtained by saponification of the natural esters xanthogalin and zosimin from Xanthogalum purpurascens and Zosimia absinthiifolia. UV and IR spectra establish a non-fused coumarin skeleton and suggest that the fourth o…
This study examines how calcium hydroxide treatment alters coagulation structure formation in aqueous dispersions of clays relevant to drilling suspensions. Using physicochemical mechanical measurements, supplemented by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, hydrophilicity, and effective surface ar…
This paper reports the synthesis of water soluble carbohydrate derivatives of 4-hydroxycoumarin, motivated by the anticoagulant activity of coumarin compounds and the poor aqueous solubility of common preparations. The authors condensed 4-hydroxycoumarin with fully acetylated al-forms of D-glucose, …
This study examines the dehydration of three symmetrical 2-naphthyl-substituted hydroxyglutaric acids as a route to higher fused-ring analogs of hydroxybenzfluorenones. The authors treated crude hydroxyglutaric acids with concentrated sulfuric acid, polyphosphoric acid, and phosphorus oxychloride, s…
This paper investigates the anionic polymerization of methacrolein, addressing earlier reports that methacrolein did not polymerize under comparable conditions. Using highly purified methacrolein and tetrahydrofuran, the authors polymerized the monomer with sodium naphthalene and triphenylmethylsodi…
This study examines the use of proton NMR spectroscopy for structural analysis of natural coumarins and furocoumarins, especially for determining substituent positions in compounds where chemical methods are difficult. Spectra of a series of natural derivatives were recorded at 60 MHz in carbon tetr…
This paper develops a theoretical description of intermolecular proton transfer in solutions, treating hydrogen bond formation as the initial stage and emphasizing the role of solvent polarization in creating a second proton potential well near the acceptor. The authors formulate a multistage kineti…
This study examines donor acceptor complexes formed between iodine and a series of organic sulfides, focusing on the relationship among heats of formation, dipole moments, and ultraviolet charge transfer bands. Heats of formation were measured by spectrometric or calorimetric titration, ultraviolet …
This study examines the addition of nitrosyl chloride to alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds bearing an alpha-methyl group and reports the synthesis of previously unknown dimers of beta-chloro-alpha-nitroso aldehydes and ketones. The authors characterize these crystalline dimers by elemental a…
This paper examines the relation between hydration and hardening in tricalcium silicate suspensions mixed with water or calcium chloride solutions. The authors measured plastic strength over time, chemically bound water, chloride binding, and X-ray diffraction changes in concentrated suspensions, co…
The paper examines the formation and electrochemical effects of mercury sulfide films produced during anodic polarization of a hanging mercury drop electrode in dilute sodium sulfide solution. Voltammetric and current, time measurements are interpreted as evidence for layer-by-layer deposition of po…
This paper examines whether solvent-dependent changes in the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpentamethylene nitroxide arise from specific hydrogen bonding rather than nonspecific solvation. EPR hyperfine splittings and g-factors were measured in several solvents and in …
This study investigates the electrochemical formation of radical anions in 5-nitrofuran and several substituted 5-nitrofuran derivatives, proposed as primary products of polarographic reduction. The authors generated these short-lived species by microelectrolysis in aqueous neutral or slightly alkal…
This study investigates the direct reaction of di-, tri-, and tetrachloromethanes with metallic lithium as an alternative route to chlorocarbenes that avoids the competing reactions associated with organolithium reagents. Experiments in tetrahydrofuran showed that dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon…
This study examines how pressures up to 25,000 kg/cm² affect the near infrared absorption spectrum of benzene in the 4300 to 6000 cm⁻¹ region. Measurements of benzene compressed in alkali halide pressure media show that liquid benzene bands shift to lower frequencies with increasing pressure, while …
This paper examines the extraction behavior of the system lanthanum nitrate, nitric acid, water, and tributyl phosphate at 25 degrees Celsius across a broad concentration range. Using isothermal equilibration, complexometric determination of lanthanum, Fischer water analysis, acid titration, and gra…
A gas chromatographic method is described for quantitative analysis of mixtures of volatile inorganic hydrides of elements from groups IV to VI, a class of compounds requiring exclusion of oxygen and moisture. The apparatus used highly purified nitrogen as carrier gas, a sealed column system with se…
The study examines anomalous magnetic behavior in vanadyl compounds with carboxylic acids, motivated by earlier observations that ligand structure strongly affects the susceptibility of vanadyl inner-complex compounds. Magnetic susceptibilities of vanadyl formate, benzoate, and o-iodobenzoate were m…
This study reexamines the magnetic susceptibility of radium chloride and extends measurements to radium bromide, addressing earlier reports that radium chloride is weakly paramagnetic despite the closed-shell electronic structure of radium. Using the Faraday method on purified sealed samples at diff…
This study examines whether the tropylium ion, previously shown to react with alcohols by hydride transfer pathways, can also react with simple ethers. Experiments with diisopropyl ether and, in detail, ethylene oxide showed formation of cycloheptatriene, while the ethylene oxide reaction also yield…
This paper examines polymorphism in aluminum phosphates of composition Al2O3·3P2O5 and the reaction of the A modification, Al4(P4O12)3, with molten potassium chloride. Products obtained by heating alumina in phosphoric acid were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, optical micr…
This paper examines thermodiffusion in dilute polymer solutions, with emphasis on how chain flexibility affects the dependence of the thermodiffusion coefficient on molecular parameters. Using a bead-and-spring model for a freely draining macromolecule and a Fokker-Planck description of segmental Br…
This study applies Mössbauer spectroscopy to soluble and insoluble ferrocene copolymers in order to relate their iron electronic states to polymer structure. Measurements of chemical shifts, quadrupole splittings, and resonant absorption at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures show that soluble cop…
This study examines electrophilic additions of thionyl chloride and sulfuryl chloride to ethylene in the presence of aluminum chloride, comparing chlorosulfinylchlorination with chlorosulfonylchlorination. The authors argue that thionyl chloride forms a more reactive chlorothionyl cation complex, le…
The study examines the nature and structure of Sn-O bonds in organotin alkoxides, acylates, and distannoxanes using dipole moment measurements, cryoscopic molecular weight determinations, and infrared spectra. The data indicate that alkoxytrialkyltin compounds, alkyltin acylates, and hexaalkyldistan…
This study examines the free-radical addition of N-ethylacetamide to unsaturated compounds in order to assess the polar character of the radical formed by hydrogen abstraction at the carbon adjacent to nitrogen. Reactions with heptene-1, allyl alcohol, methyl acrylate, and dimethyl maleate were init…
This study examines interdiffusion in welded polymer pairs using electron microscopy of ultrathin cross sections cut perpendicular to the contact plane. Polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, and polyvinyl chloride were hot-air welded at selected temperatures, and the resulting interphase …
This paper addresses a discrepancy between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements of the configurational dimensions and excluded volume of polyelectrolyte molecules in salt solutions. It argues that Debye-Hückel calculations applied to individual charged monomer units are physically i…
The paper examines homolytic reactions and decomposition pathways of organosilicon and organogermanium mercury compounds, focusing on products formed from triethylsilane with diethylmercury and on the behavior of bis(triethylsilyl)mercury and bis(triethylgermyl)mercury. Experimental photolysis, oxid…
This study examines whether ferrocenyl sulfones can undergo a Smiles rearrangement, a reaction thought to require an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution mechanism involving a quinoid-like transition state. Phenylferrocenyl, diferrocenyl, and mesitylferrocenyl sulfones were prepared by reactions…
This study examines how solvents affect the optical rotatory dispersion of acylated amino acid esters, motivated by earlier observations that monomeric amides can show solvent-dependent ORD changes not attributable to polypeptide helicity. The authors measured ORD curves for benzoyl and acetyl deriv…
This study examines whether electrochemical additive dimerization involving methyl radicals and 1,3-butadiene proceeds homogeneously in solution or through interaction with acceptor molecules adsorbed on a platinum anode. The authors measured polarization behavior and double-layer capacitance from p…
This study examines the modification of polyarylates, high heat resistant aromatic polyesters whose poor solubility and limited elasticity can hinder processing. Mixed block polyarylates were synthesized by polycondensation of aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides and diatomic phenols with hydroxyl t…
This paper presents a rapid gas chromatographic method for determining the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in molecules of gaseous compounds, including low-boiling and halogen-containing substances for which conventional elemental analysis is difficult. The method uses sequential chromatographic…
Cyclododecane was examined as a boundary case between medium and large cyclanes to determine whether it follows the catalytic transformation patterns previously observed for eight- to ten-membered rings. The authors synthesized cyclododecane, passed it over 5% platinized carbon at 300 degrees in hyd…
This study examines whether light-induced migration of free valence, previously observed in stabilized polymer radicals, also occurs in radicals formed in ordinary olefin molecules. The authors generated radicals in several n-olefins by gamma irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature, exposed the s…
This paper examines the polymerization and copolymerization of cis and trans piperylene with butadiene under coordination catalytic systems based on organoaluminum compounds with cobalt or titanium chlorides. Using chromatographic isomer analysis, labeled butadiene, glass-transition data, and crysta…
This paper reports a single-crystal X-ray determination of the structure of potassium fluoroberyllate, K2BeF4, used as a lightened structural analogue of the cement silicate Ba2SiO4, whose small crystal size had hindered direct study. Rotation photographs and zero-layer scans with Mo K alpha radiati…
The study examines the mechanism of cyclohexane dehydrogenation over holmium oxide, with particular attention to whether benzene is formed directly from cyclohexane or consecutively through cyclohexene. Mixtures of cyclohexane and radiocarbon-labeled cyclohexene were passed over holmium oxide at 560…
This study examines the strong solvent dependence and homogeneous catalysis of heterolytic chlorine addition to unsaturated compounds such as allyl chloride, tolane, and beta-chloroallyl chloride. Kinetic measurements in aprotic and proton-donor media show that chlorine addition is initiated or acce…
This study examines the reaction of phosphonitrile chloride trimer with resorcinol and hydroquinone in a 1:1 molar ratio under varying solvent, temperature, and tertiary amine conditions. Reaction progress was followed by hydrogen chloride determination, while products were characterized by elementa…
This study examines transannular electronic effects in the ferrocene nucleus through potentiometric determination of dissociation constants for heteroannularly substituted ferrocenecarboxylic acids in aqueous ethanol. Correlation of the acid strengths with substituent constants, together with eviden…
This study examines whether nucleoside diphosphate sugars, particularly uridine diphosphate glucose and synthetic analogs, possess a fixed secondary structure stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The authors compare the kinetics of catalytic hydrogenation over rhodium on alumina for nucleosi…
This study examines how the nature and position of substituents in nitrobenzene derivatives affect catalytic reduction of the nitro group over skeletal nickel. Nitrobenzene and several ortho, meta, and para substituted derivatives were hydrogenated in ethanol at 20 degrees Celsius and atmospheric hy…
This paper examines how the surface state of a chromium cathode affects competing electrochemical reactions in chromic acid electrolytes. Using potential oscillograms, product observations, and controlled changes such as pre-immersion, variation of trivalent chromium and sulfuric acid content, and m…
This paper examines infrared absorption spectra of vanadyl carboxylates, including formate, benzoate, iodobenzoate, acetate homologs, and chloroacetate derivatives, in relation to their structural and magnetic properties. Comparing antisymmetric carboxylate stretching frequencies and vanadyl stretch…
This paper examines the reactions of diacetyl with selected etheramides of phosphorous acid and with diethyl chlorophosphite, extending earlier work on additions of trivalent phosphorus esters to conjugated systems. The authors synthesize and characterize the resulting products by elemental analysis…
This study examines the formation of colored iodine complexes in aqueous systems containing iodine, boric acid, polyvinyl alcohol, and, in some experiments, potassium iodide. Using room temperature spectrophotometry over 220 to 800 mµ, the authors compare absorption spectra as boric acid and polymer…
