SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
The paper addresses how to quantify the initiating activity of peroxide initiators in radical polymerization, arguing that commonly used criteria such as decomposition rate, polymerization rate, or initiation rate are not generally universal. It develops a steady-state kinetic treatment distinguishi…
This paper examines factors governing the double-bond stretching frequencies in vibrational spectra of conjugated dienes, with attention to the assignment of symmetric and antisymmetric modes in Raman and infrared spectra. Using tabulated spectral data and qualitative force-field analysis, the autho…
This paper addresses the separation of trace cesium impurities from rubidium salts, a problem not solved by previously used heteropolyhalide purification methods. The authors examine rubidium and cesium triiodides, determine cocrystallization coefficients for cesium during crystallization of rubidiu…
This paper examines how the specific surface area of tobermorite, a layered calcium hydrosilicate formed during silicate cement hydration, can be calculated from crystal lattice parameters and water adsorption data. Using a swelling layered-structure model, dilatometric measurements of tobermorite f…
This note proves stabilization results for solutions of the Cauchy problem for Petrovskii parabolic systems with time-dependent coefficients and bounded measurable initial data. The argument relates the existence of a limiting value as time tends to infinity to limiting means of the initial function…
This study examines the configurational isomerization and hydrogenolysis of cis- and trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentanes over carbon-supported rhodium, osmium, iridium, and palladium catalysts under comparable flow conditions in hydrogen. The experiments show that all four catalysts promote mutual inter…
The paper formulates a general class of uniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems, including geodesic flows on closed Riemannian manifolds of negative curvature, through invariant splittings of tangent spaces with exponential contraction and expansion. It develops the associated stable and unstable fol…
This paper examines the thermal decomposition of bis-(1,3,5-tri-tert-butyl-cyclohexadienone) peroxide, addressing whether its breakdown follows an ionic or homolytic pathway. The authors synthesize and characterize the peroxide by infrared spectroscopy and chemical reduction, then analyze decomposit…
This study uses electron paramagnetic resonance to examine the primary radical products formed during radiolysis of solid polyvinyl alcohol under vacuum, with sorbed water vapor, and at different irradiation and measurement temperatures. Analysis of spectral shapes, dose dependence, microwave satura…
This study measures the stress required to initiate motion of screw dislocations on the second-order pyramidal slip system in high-purity zinc single crystals. Oriented specimens were subjected to pure bending, and dislocation motion was detected by selective etching of basal planes, allowing the re…
The study examines reactions of acid chlorides of dialkylarsenious acids with several diols in pyridine, aiming to prepare mixed diarsenites of arsenious acid. Experiments with diethyl, dipropyl, diisopropyl, and dicyclohexyl derivatives showed that the expected diarsenites generally disproportionat…
This paper studies a class of functional equations on a Lyapunov contour involving a Carleman shift, Cauchy singular integrals, and Fredholm kernels. It proposes reducing the equation to a system of singular integral equations with Cauchy kernels, which yields necessary and sufficient conditions for…
This study examines the ultraviolet absorption, luminescence, and scintillation properties of a series of 2-aryl derivatives of benzoxazole and benzimidazole, including N-substituted benzimidazoles. Spectra were measured in solution, photoluminescence quantum yields were compared with 2,5-diphenylox…
This study examines how chlorine substituents affect the electronic character and conjugation behavior of the cyclopropane ring in alkyl, alkenyl, and phenyl derivatives of 1,1-dichlorocyclopropane. Raman spectra were measured for several synthesized derivatives and compared through the frequencies …
The paper studies invariant subspaces for families of operators in a Pontryagin space with an indefinite scalar product of finite positive index. Its main result states that any family of pairwise commuting unitary operators in such a space has a common nonnegative invariant subspace whose dimension…
This note addresses a problem posed by S. L. Sobolev and S. M. Nikolskii concerning Sobolev embeddings at the limiting exponent into mixed-norm spaces. It proves that functions in the Sobolev space W_p^{(l)} on possibly unbounded domains belong to the corresponding mixed Lebesgue class under the sta…
This paper proposes a method for determining transverse dimensions of rodlike and anisotropic macromolecules in solution from small-angle X-ray scattering curves plotted as intensity multiplied by the square of the scattering angle. The authors derive the expected position of the maximum for cylindr…
This paper reports the Friedel-Crafts acylation of ferrocene with the acid chloride of the monomethyl ester of maleic acid to obtain 1-ferrocenoyl-2-carbomethoxyethylene. The product was characterized by elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, infrared spectroscopy, and catalytic hydroge…
This paper examines whether the spectral composition of the Gudden-Pohl flash in zinc sulfide based phosphors differs from that of ordinary phosphorescence, as had been suggested in earlier work. Using a monochromator, photomultiplier, and ballistic galvanometer measurements on zinc sulfide phosphor…
This paper studies the homogeneous Riemann boundary value problem on a closed Riemann surface for the case in which the index is nonnegative but smaller than the genus, a range not covered by general solvability results. Using a Cauchy type integral, Abelian differentials, and Jacobi inversion, it d…
This paper studies generalized groups, or inverse semigroups, through several alternative axiomatic conditions on semigroups involving generalized inverses, idempotents, involution, and order. It proves chains and equivalences among eight conditions, showing in particular that they become equivalent…
This study examines the equilibrium reduction of the mixed ferrite Mg0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 by hydrogen at 800, 900, and 1000 degrees C. Using a circulating H2 and H2O gas mixture, equilibrium oxygen pressures were calculated from gas composition, while reduction degree and the solid products were characteri…
This study examines catalytic hydrogen evolution on mercury from hydrochloric acid solutions of diphenylamine at high electrode surface coverages, using electrocapillary, differential capacitance, polarization, and polarographic measurements. The results indicate that diphenylamine molecules and dip…
This paper studies the ergodic hypothesis for dynamical systems from statistical mechanics, especially systems of hard balls with elastic collisions, in response to earlier heuristic arguments based on exponential divergence of trajectories. It develops a sufficient condition for positive entropy of…
This paper studies propagation of smoothness for solutions of constant coefficient partial differential equations of principal type, under real principal symbol and nonvanishing gradient on the characteristic cone. For bounded domains star-shaped with respect to a point, it gives a necessary and suf…
This study examines whether chlorophyll a can undergo photochemical oxidation by oxygen in condensed systems where molecular diffusion and kinetic collisions are strongly suppressed. The authors irradiated oxygenated chlorophyll solutions frozen at liquid air temperature, recorded low-temperature ab…
This note extends Gantmacher’s theorem on weak complete continuity of a linear mapping between Banach spaces and its adjoint to broader classes of separable locally convex spaces. It introduces three classes of spaces characterized by when weak complete continuity passes from a mapping to its adjoin…
This paper investigates the “cosymmetrization” of pairs of para-substituted ethyl alpha-bromomercuriphenylacetates under the action of ammonia, extending earlier work on electrophilic bimolecular substitution at saturated carbon in organomercury salts. Kinetic measurements by nephelometry show that …
This paper describes a method for decorating the freshly grown surface of epitaxial germanium during vapor phase crystallization involving the chemical decomposition of GeCl4 in hydrogen. By sharply reducing the concentration of the decomposed compound, the authors obtain selective deposition of ger…
The study examines oxygen quenching of excited states in chemiluminescent solutions during initiated oxidation of ethylbenzene in benzene. By following oxygen consumption in sealed reaction mixtures and applying Stern-Volmer analysis to chemiluminescence intensity, the authors estimate the quenching…
The paper studies irreducible infinite-dimensional unitary representations of the group of nonsingular two by two matrices over a locally compact nondiscrete field, with emphasis on the disconnected case. Using Mackey’s description of representations of the affine subgroup, Fourier analysis on the m…
This paper investigates nucleophilic addition reactions of benzo-alpha-phenoxazinone-9 and 9-dimethylamino-benzo-alpha-phenoxazonium chloride with sulfur-containing nucleophiles, extending reactions previously known for arylamines and p-benzoquinone analogs. The authors show that thiourea, mercapto …
This paper proposes a topological model relating elementary particle masses to symmetry properties of critical spatial surfaces associated with gravitational radii. It defines packing coefficients for spheres, tori, and knotted surfaces with axial screw symmetry, then inserts these coefficients into…
This paper examines the concentration dependence of the sedimentation constant of polymers in thermodynamically ideal solvents, a question relevant to molecular weight distribution studies and ultracentrifuge resolution. Sedimentation measurements were made for several polymer solvent systems, inclu…
This paper examines whether the compensation effect, previously observed in conducting polymers with conjugated bonds, also appears in typical crystalline polymer dielectrics presumed to have ionic electrical conductivity. Polyethylene terephthalate, polytrifluorochloroethylene, and pentaplast sampl…
This paper examines the molecular mechanism of polymer autohesion in materials with ordered supramolecular structures, using polyethylene and plasticized polyvinyl chloride as examples. The authors measure the work of autohesion by delamination after controlled contact times, temperatures, plasticiz…
This paper investigates the titanium, oxygen system in the range 0 to 35 atomic percent oxygen, addressing earlier indications that suboxide compounds or ordered states may occur within the alpha titanium solid solution region. Alloys prepared by arc melting and heat treated at several temperatures …
The study examines the temperature dependence of sodium borohydride solubility in pyridine, a solvent compatible with the borohydride anion but previously characterized only at two temperatures. Using visual polythermal and isothermal methods with analytical determination of liquid and solid phases,…
This paper investigates the mechanism and kinetics of infrared electroluminescence in cuprous oxide under different excitation and contact conditions, including the use of ohmic metal contacts. Experiments on samples with and without the parent copper layer show that removal of the Cu, Cu2O blocking…
The paper addresses a three-dimensional contact problem in linear elasticity for a finite rectangular parallelepiped placed in a rigid pit and pressed by a rigid punch over a prescribed contact region. Using a Papkovich-Neuber representation, the displacement field is expressed through two harmonic …
The paper develops a treatment of volume kinetic waves in polarography for unbuffered solutions containing exactly neutralized salts of weak acids, where the electroactive species is formed by protonation of acid anions by water near the electrode. Using the Koutecký-Weber and reaction-layer approac…
This study examines how conformational factors influence the cyclization of linear depsipeptides, using eight stereoisomeric tetradepsipeptides composed of alternating N-methylvaline and alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid residues. The authors synthesize these compounds, cyclize them under standard high-d…
Dubovitskii and Milyutin propose a general variational framework for extremum problems with equality and inequality constraints in a complete normed space, including nonclassical problems such as optimal control. The method describes forbidden and admissible first variations as cones and reduces the…
Ion-trap measurements from the Kosmos-2 satellite are used to examine the altitude distribution and composition of positive ions in the outer ionosphere during April 1962. Collector currents from plane traps provided ion concentration profiles, while current-voltage characteristics from a spherical …
This study examines electric charges produced during mechanical deformation of polar and nonpolar polymers, including polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyethylene. Specimens prepared by pressing and heating were tested by lifting-electrode and dynamic-cap…
This study examines the photoreduction of tetraphenylporphin in deoxygenated pyridine using hydrazine or hydrogen sulfide as reducing agents, with absorption spectra measured in the visible and infrared regions. Irradiation produced distinct green and pink photoreduced forms, whose interconversion, …
This study examines liquid phase hydrogenation of allyl alcohol, eugenol, acrolein, and heptene-3 in ethanol on platinum black and Pd/BaSO4 under uniform continuous feed of the unsaturated compound. The authors combine kinetic measurements with simultaneous catalyst potential measurements at 5 and 3…
This study examines how benzene solubilization affects the conformational stability of purified crystalline egg albumin during thermal and acid, alkaline denaturation. Using specific optical rotation as an indicator of conformational change, the authors compare untreated albumin solutions with solut…
This paper examines the indirect generation of ferrocenediazonium species from diazoamino derivatives of ferrocene, since direct diazotization of ferrocenylamine is destructive to the ferrocene nucleus. Acidolysis of diazoaminoferrocene and benzenediazoaminoferrocene at low temperature gives violet …
