SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
High-resolution proton magnetic resonance was used to examine how ortho alkyl substitution affects hydrogen bonding of sterically hindered phenols, including 2,6-xylenol, 2,6-diisopropylphenol, and ionol, in carbon tetrachloride and donor solvents. Concentration-dependent shifts of the hydroxyl prot…
This paper examines microscopic structural evidence for the presence and decomposition of lower-valence metal oxides in slags formed during metallothermic ferroalloy production with deficient reductant. Using observations of industrial and laboratory slags from chromium, titanium, and molybdenum sme…
This study examines the relationship between proton NMR spectra and the conformation of the two stereoisomeric oxides of delta 3 carene, alpha 3,4 epoxycarane and beta 3,4 epoxycarane. The authors compare high resolution proton NMR spectra, assign methyl, cyclohexane, and cyclopropane proton signals…
This paper derives a thermodynamic criterion for the applicability of Polanyi’s potential theory of adsorption without assuming that the adsorbed phase is a normal liquid. From the requirement of a temperature independent characteristic curve, the authors show that a necessary condition is a negativ…
This study examines the protonation and acid dissociation equilibria of 8-mercaptoquinoline in aqueous solution, information needed for quantitative characterization of metal thiooxinate formation and extraction. Absorption spectra were measured over pH 0 to 11 at constant ionic strength and 20 ± 1 …
The paper examines how the temperature coefficient of the burning rate of explosives and propellants depends on pressure, with particular attention to nitroglycerin propellants and a potassium perchlorate, bitumen model mixture. Using experimental comparisons and Zel’dovich’s combustion theory, the …
This paper examines the stability of divalent platinum complex compounds in the monoammine and triammine members of the Werner-Miolati transition series, complementing earlier work on platinate, diammine, and tetrammine complexes. Potassium Cossa salt and Cleve chloride were synthesized, analyzed, a…
This paper investigates carbonium polymerization of several polyester acrylates, including MGF-9, TMGF-11, and MDF-2, using titanium tetrachloride as catalyst, with attention to the formation and properties of soluble beta-polymers and three-dimensional polymers. The authors characterize the product…
A series of triethylsilyl-substituted alkylphosphinic acid esters with varying methylene chain length was synthesized by Arbuzov-type reaction of chlorosilanes with triethyl phosphite or by radical addition of diethyl phosphite to silicon-containing olefins. Hydrolysis of these esters with hydrochlo…
This study examines how para substituents in the aromatic ring affect nucleophilic substitution of the β-vinylic chlorine atom in aryl-β-chlorovinyl ketones. The authors measured the kinetics of reaction with sodium ethoxide in absolute ethanol between minus 5 and minus 30 °C, following halide ion f…
This study investigates the neutral lactone constituents of the bark of Sakhalin cork tree, Phellodendron sacchalinense, a medicinal plant whose chemistry had been little examined beyond known alkaloids. Alcoholic and acid-alcoholic extraction, crystallization, solvent partitioning, elemental analys…
This study reexamines the infrared absorption spectra of cis- and trans-propenyllithium in response to discrepancies arising from earlier measurements in ether solution, where some observed bands were attributable to ether. The authors prepared both stereoisomers under argon and recorded spectra for…
This study examines the relationship between structure and optical activity in Schiff bases derived from optically active furan-series amines. Two series of Schiff bases from alpha-furylethylamine and alpha-(5-methylfuryl)ethylamine with substituted benzaldehydes, as well as furfural derivatives, we…
This paper examines semiempirical relations used to interpret isotropic hyperfine splitting in the EPR spectra of free radicals, especially the extension of the Karplus and Fraenkel formula to bonds formed by nonequivalent atoms or orbitals. By considering pi and sigma configurational interaction fo…
This paper examines the previously undescribed alkylation of ferrocenylamine and related stability questions arising from photochemical cleavage of substituted ferrocene systems. Ferrocenylamine was treated without solvent with triethyloxonium borofluoride to give ethylferrocenylamine in 77% yield, …
This paper extends the bond refraction method for calculating molecular refraction to organoarsenic compounds, where previous calculations relied on class specific atomic refractions for arsenic. Using published density and refractive index data and the Lorentz Lorenz formula for the sodium D line, …
This study examines how radioactivity affects the structure of precipitated calcium, strontium, and barium sulfates, focusing on specific surface area and crystal size distribution. Radioactive precipitates were prepared under controlled conditions with varying amounts of sulfur-35 or calcium-45, th…
This paper proposes an aqueous peptide synthesis strategy using water-soluble carbodiimides, emphasizing separation of neutral peptide products from ionic reactants and by-products by ion-exchange resins. The authors examine cyclohexyl beta-N-(N-methylmorpholinium)ethylcarbodiimide p-toluenesulfonat…
The paper addresses the precalculation of adsorption equilibrium parameters for an adsorbent in contact with a binary vapor mixture, using the theory of volume filling of micropores. It generalizes the Dubinin-Radushkevich equation for individual vapor adsorption to mixtures and combines it with the…
This study examines monolayers formed by mixtures of normal hexadecanol, cetyl alcohol, and a secondary hexadecanol, with emphasis on two-dimensional pressure, spreading behavior, and reduction of water evaporation. Using surface pressure area measurements, kinetic spreading experiments, and evapora…
This study examines how complex-forming eluents influence the kinetics of ion-exchange processes and chromatographic band broadening during rare-earth element separation. Using KU-2 cation exchanger, radiotracer measurements, and Boyd’s diffusion treatment, the authors measured sorption of citric ac…
This study examines how reactor surface material affects the chain-propagation mechanism in the liquid-phase oxidation of liquefied n-butane near critical conditions. Experiments in glass, quartz, and stainless-steel reactors, including vessels packed with steel turnings or glass wool, compared prod…
This paper examines mechanochemical transformations in macromolecules subjected to dispersion at 80 to 100 K, using solid dilute polymer solutions to reduce secondary effects that obscure the primary conversion of mechanical energy into chemical change. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra and mo…
This study examines how cations and outer-sphere anions affect the state of O-H bonds in water molecules coordinated in crystalline salt hydrates. Using infrared absorption spectra of perchlorate hexahydrates of several divalent metals and comparison with nickel sulfate hexahydrate, the authors esti…
The study examines electrokinetic behavior and structural stability in nonaqueous plastic disperse systems, using calcium, lithium, and sodium soap greases with hydrocarbon dispersion media. By observing solidified oriented flow structures in polarized light under applied electric fields, the author…
The study examines the hydroboration of dimethyl allylboronate to determine how the dimethoxyboryl group affects the orientation of diborane addition and whether products containing multiple boron atoms can be obtained. Dimethyl allylboronate was prepared from triallylborane and methyl borate, hydro…
This paper examines the sulfuric acid catalyzed introduction of the iodoisopropyl group into aromatic hydrocarbons using allyl iodide, addressing the lack of practical methods for synthesizing side chain iodine containing alkylaromatic compounds. The authors test benzene, toluene, several alkylbenze…
This paper investigates the use of acyl phosphites as phosphorylating agents for hydroxyl compounds, addressing whether alcohol reactions give phosphites through true phosphorylation rather than disproportionation. Experiments with tribenzoyl phosphite and 1,3-butylene acetyl phosphite show that alc…
This paper examines the relationship between sigma-electron bond charges and thermochemical energy characteristics in saturated hydrocarbons. It reformulates earlier linear correlations between bond charge and bond energy by incorporating heats of formation, atomization, and carbon sublimation, deri…
This paper investigates cleavage products of albonoursin, a crystalline compound associated with the antifungal antibiotics albofungin and nystatin, as part of efforts to clarify its chemical structure. Alkaline hydrolysis followed by derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, thin-layer chroma…
The study examines the liquid phase catalytic reduction of p-benzoquinone by carbon monoxide in acidic aqueous dioxane mixtures using palladium chloride species and Pd/C catalysts. It proposes a redox mechanism in which carbon monoxide forms a palladium carbonyl chloride complex that hydrolyzes with…
The study examines the uncatalyzed reactions of trichlorogermane with conjugated dienes and compares their behavior with known trichlorosilane additions. Experiments with butadiene, isoprene, and piperylene, followed in several cases by methylation and product separation, used elemental analysis, ga…
This study examines Mössbauer resonant absorption of the 23.8 keV transition of Sn-119 in organotin oxides of the homologous series R2SnO, focusing on isomer shifts, quadrupole splittings, and the probability of recoil-free absorption. Measurements at liquid nitrogen temperature show nearly identica…
This study investigates the oxidation by molecular oxygen of symmetrical alkyl organomercury compounds containing primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl groups, with emphasis on the formation of oxidized organomercury intermediates. Oxidations of diisopropylmercury, ditert-amylmercury, and dibenzylm…
This study examines the photoconductivity of the acetylene polymer poly-n,n-diethynylazobenzene, focusing on spectral behavior and the effects of ultraviolet irradiation. Thin polymer layers were measured under controlled voltage and illumination, with photoconductivity spectra compared to diffusion…
This study examines ion exchange behavior of numerous elements in hydrofluoric acid solutions to identify conditions for chromatographic group separation. Distribution coefficients were measured under static conditions using radioactive tracers with the anion exchanger AV-17 and cation exchanger KU-…
This study examines how organic acids, chiefly fatty acids, dissolved in hydrocarbon liquids affect boundary friction, adhesion, and the thinning and shear resistance of liquid layers between polished steel surfaces. Using a method that controls and measures contact pressure, layer thickness, and sh…
This study examines whether the reactivity of positional isomers of decanol depends on the location of the hydroxyl group during liquid-phase oxidation of n-decane. Using an open-system steady-state kinetic method, the authors compared the consumption of decanol-2, decanol-4, and decanol-5 at 140 de…
This study examines how zinc sulfate and zinc chloride affect hydrogen sorption on palladium and the catalytic hydrogenation activity of palladium black. Using charging curves, direct hydrogen uptake measurements, kinetic observations, and catalyst potential measurements, the authors compare acidic …
Spin-density distributions in several aromatic potassium ketyl radicals were calculated using the simple MO LCAO method with variable heteroatom parameters for the Coulomb and resonance integrals. The study examines diphenyl, di-alpha-naphthyl, di-beta-naphthyl, and phencyclone potassium ketyls, rel…
This paper investigates the apparent association of polybutadiene macromolecules in solution, using light scattering, osmotic molecular weight measurements, and intrinsic viscosity data for branched potassium butadiene rubber and linear cis polybutadiene. Measurements in theta and near theta solvent…
This study examines the oxidation of substituted 1,5-diphenylthiocarbohydrazides to the corresponding diarylthiocarbazones in benzene solution. The authors used the gradual appearance of the green thiocarbazone absorption to follow reaction progress spectrophotometrically, measuring optical density …
This paper examines current decay during potentiostatic anodic oxidation of zirconium, starting from an exponential relation between ionic current and electric field strength in the growing oxide film. The authors derive equations for decay curves under constant potential, then compare the predicted…
This paper examines changes in the texture of silicic acid xerogels during methanol vapor sorption, focusing on samples prepared under mild evacuation conditions without high-temperature activation or adsorbate “washing.” Successive adsorption and desorption isotherms showed that, after capillary co…
This paper determines high-temperature rate constants for elementary reactions of atomic hydrogen and atomic oxygen with ethylene, processes relevant to hydrogenation and chain oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The authors derive ignition-limit relations for hydrogen-oxygen and carbon monoxide-…
This paper reports that conjugated bromodiacetylenes undergo the Arbuzov rearrangement with triethyl phosphite to give diethyl phosphonate esters bearing diacetylenic radicals. The authors prepare methyl and ethyl substituted examples, describe their isolation and analytical constants, and confirm t…
This study examines the hydrogen overvoltage on solid and liquid gallium in 1 N sulfuric acid, addressing conflicting earlier reports on the relation between the two states. Using purified hydrogen-saturated electrolyte, controlled melting and freezing of a gallium electrode, polarization measuremen…
This paper reports dilatometric measurements of thermal expansion in solid 2,4,6-trinitrophenol over the range from 55 degrees Celsius to liquid nitrogen temperature, motivated by the study of second-order phase transitions in organic molecular crystals. Pressed polycrystalline samples of near singl…
This paper examines the mechanism of reactions between alkylmagnesium halides and alkyl halides, focusing on whether the normal Wurtz coupling proceeds by radical or heterolytic pathways. The authors study a series of n-alkyl Grignard reagents and methyl or ethyl halides in dimethoxyethane, using ch…
The paper applies a previously proposed extrapolation method for separating total solvation energies into individual ionic contributions to several nonaqueous solvents: formic acid, hydrazine, acetonitrile, n-butyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, and acetone. Total solvation energies are estimated mainly …
