Showing 50 of 25456 papers

On the Interaction of Imido Esters with Alkyl Halides

A. E. Arbuzov, V. E. Shishkin
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18987

This study examines the interaction of N-phenylbenzimidoethers with alkyl halides in order to clarify the scope of their rearrangement to N-substituted benzanilides. Seven alkyl N-phenylbenzimidate esters were prepared, including four higher alkyl derivatives not previously described, and their reac…

A METHOD FOR SOLVING THE MANY-BODY PROBLEM ON HIGH-SPEED COMPUTING MACHINES FOR THE CASE OF CHARGED PARTICLES

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18879

A numerical method is proposed for treating the many-body dynamics of charged particles by returning to the relativistic equations of motion with Liénard-Wiechert interactions, using enlarged particles formed by averaging charges over small volume elements to reduce computational size. The resulting…

Synthesis of Optically Active Depsipeptides

Academician M. M. SHEMYAKIN, E. I. VINOGRADOVA, M. Yu. FEIGINA,
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18721

This paper reports general synthetic routes to optically active depsipeptides containing residues of alpha-hydroxy and alpha-amino acids in regular and irregular sequences. The authors develop stepwise methods based on protected amino and hydroxy acid derivatives, formation of ester bonds through ac…

Approximation of Functions by Polynomials with Integer Coefficients

The article considers certain questions in the theory of approximation of functions by polynomials
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18702

The paper studies uniform and integral approximation of real functions by algebraic polynomials with integer coefficients on intervals of length less than 4, emphasizing the arithmetic restrictions that distinguish this problem from ordinary polynomial approximation. It establishes direct approximat…

On Some New Derivatives of Imido Esters

A. E. ARBUZOV and V. E. SHISHKIN
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18648

This study examines the reactions of aryl imido esters with alkyl iodides, in contrast to known rearrangements of alkyl imido esters with alkyl halides. Heating substituted benzimido ethers with methyl iodide or ethyl iodide gave addition products, assigned as ionic iodomethylate and iodoethylate sa…

On the Theory of Self-Oscillations in Passivation-Free Electrochemical Systems with a Falling Characteristic

A. Ya. Gokhshtein
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18631

This paper develops a theory for undamped self-oscillations observed in electrochemical reductions at mercury electrodes in systems without passivating films or new phase formation. The argument models an electrolytic cell with series resistance, a polarization characteristic containing a descending…

New Syntheses of $C$-Substituted Carbohydrates

Yu. A. ZHDANOV and G. A. KOROLCHENKO
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18512

This paper examines the extension of organomagnesium synthesis to C-substituted carbohydrates bearing more complex aromatic and heteroaromatic aglycones. Using Grignard reagents derived from substituted aryl and thienyl halides, the authors prepared several new glucose and rhamnose derivatives, incl…

Some Features of Gas-Liquid Chromatography of Paraffins and Aromatic Hydrocarbons $\mathrm{C}_7$ – $\mathrm{C}_{12}$

V. G. Berezkin and L. S. Polyak
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18505

This paper examines the gas liquid chromatography of C7 to C12 paraffins and aromatic hydrocarbons using the domestic methylphenylpolysiloxane stationary liquid phase PFMS-4. The authors describe the chromatographic apparatus, conversion-based detection, column preparation, and calculation procedure…

Diethyl ester of 1-ethoxycyclohexene-1-phosphinic-2 acid

B. A. ARBUZOV, V. S. VINOGRADOVA, and N. A. POLEZHAEVA
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18441

This paper addresses difficulties in synthesizing esters of cyclohexanone-2-phosphinic acid by previously attempted Arbuzov, Michaelis-Becker, bromination, and related routes. The authors investigate alternative reactions and report a successful synthesis starting from 1-ethoxycyclohexene, involving…

ON THE BEHAVIOR OF CORRECTIONS IN SOME METHODS FOR APPROXIMATE COMPUTATION OF THE BOUNDS OF THE SPECTRUM OF A SELF-ADJOINT OPERATOR

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18413

The paper studies how correction vectors arising in iterative methods for approximating spectral bounds of a bounded positive self-adjoint operator can provide additional spectral information. It defines extremal, strongly minimizing, strongly maximizing, and biextremal sequences in terms of the Ray…

Interaction of a Weak Entropy Wave with a Flame Front

S. S. Novikov, Yu. S. Ryazantsev
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18321

This paper analyzes the interaction of a weak entropy wave with a flame front, allowing for changes in flame propagation velocity caused by variations in the thermodynamic state of the combustible mixture. Using a linear gas-dynamic approximation and conservation of mass, momentum, and energy at the…

Effect of Radioactive Radiation Energy on the Evaporation Rate of a Solid Body

I. E. Zimakov and Academician Vikt. I. Spitsyn
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.18184

This study examines how the energy of beta radiation from radioactive additives influences the evaporation rate of solid molybdenum anhydride. Specimens of MoO3 containing Y90, W185, or previously studied Mo99 were prepared at different specific radioactivities, and evaporation at 700 degrees C was …

Synthesis and Some Transformations of Silanols of the Vinylacetylene Series

Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR M. F. SHOSTAKOVSKII, N. V. KOMAROV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17956

This paper reports initial results on the reaction of vinylacetylene Iotsich reagents with polyorganosiloxanes as a route to oxygen-containing organosilicon compounds. Magnesium bromovinylacetylene was reacted with polydimethylsiloxane and polydiethylsiloxane to obtain vinylacetylenic silanols, and …

On the bending of surfaces of positive curvature under certain boundary conditions

G. S. BARKHIN and V. T. FOMENKO
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17947

This note studies bending and rigidity of pieces of surfaces of positive Gaussian curvature with boundary conditions imposed on the normal curvature and geodesic torsion of the contour. The authors reformulate the Gauss and Codazzi equations for increments of the second fundamental form as a boundar…

A New Method for the Preparation of Polyene Aldehydes

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17914

A synthetic route to beta-C19-aldehyde, an important intermediate in beta-carotene synthesis, is described from beta-C14-aldehyde and the acetal of gamma-bromotiglic aldehyde. The method uses a haloacetal-derived triphenylphosphonium bromide in a Wittig reaction, followed by hydrolysis of the result…

Reaction of Ethylenimine with Carbonyl Compounds

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17874

This paper examines the reaction of ethylenimine with carbonyl compounds, challenging the earlier view that such reactions under mild conditions generally form oxazolidines. By reacting ethylenimine with chloral, hexafluoroacetone, and diethyl mesoxalate, the study shows formation of α-substituted N…

On the Resolution of Asymmetric Arsonium Compounds into Optically Active Antipodes

Gilm KAMAI and Yu. F. GATILOV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17814

This paper examines the preparation and optical resolution of asymmetric quaternary arsonium compounds whose chirality is attributed to the arsenic atom. The authors synthesized a series of phenyl ethyl alkyl arsines by reaction of phenylethylchloroarsine with organomagnesium reagents, converted sel…

On Some Regularities of the Polycoordination Reaction

V. V. Korshak and S. V. Vinogradova
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17810

This paper examines regularities of the polycoordination reaction as a route to high molecular weight coordination polymers, using 4,4'-bis(acetoacetyl) diphenyl ether with beryllium and zinc compounds as model systems. The authors argue, by analogy with polycondensation, that polycoordination is an…

Rate Constant of the Reaction $\mathrm{HO}_2+\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}=\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}_2+\mathrm{OH}$

V. N. KONDRAT’EV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17766

This paper reexamines the rate constant for the reaction HO2 + H2O = H2O2 + OH in the mechanism of hydrogen and oxygen ignition near the third limit. Using the experimental data of Poltorak and Voevodskii, the author derives a revised relation for the limiting pressure and recalculates the temperatu…

Oxidation of n-Butane in the Gas and Liquid Phases

E. A. BLYUMBERG, G. E. ZAIKOV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17626

This paper compares the oxidation of n-butane in gas and liquid phases under similar conditions in order to assess whether phase-dependent product distributions can be explained by competition between monomolecular decomposition and bimolecular reactions of peroxy radicals. Oxidation experiments at …

On the Possibility of Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance to Detect Active Centers in Liquid-Phase Hydrocarbon Oxidation Reactions

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17603

This paper examines whether electron paramagnetic resonance can be used to detect and measure stationary concentrations of free radical active centers during liquid-phase hydrocarbon oxidation under ordinary reaction conditions. Using kinetic estimates for peroxy radical concentrations and sensitivi…

Detection of Oxygen Atoms in a Rarefied Carbon Monoxide–Oxygen Flame in the Presence of Small Additions of Hydrogen

V. V. AZATYAN, L. A. AKOPYAN, A. B. NALBANDYAN, and B. V. OZHERELEV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17535

This study investigates the presence of atomic oxygen in rarefied low-temperature flames of carbon monoxide and oxygen containing small additions of hydrogen, a system whose chain mechanism predicts high superequilibrium concentrations of reactive atoms. Using electron paramagnetic resonance, the au…

Criterion for the Unicellularity of Volterra Operators

M. S. BRODSKII
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17506

The paper establishes a criterion for when a simple Volterra operator in a separable Hilbert space is unicellular, meaning that its invariant subspaces are totally ordered by inclusion. It develops the criterion through the characteristic operator function associated with the imaginary part of the o…

Dehydration of primary dodecyl alcohol over magnesium sulfate

Academician Vikt. I. SPITSYN, I. E. MIKHAILENKO, and G. N. PIROGOVA
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17473

The study examines how beta radiation from sulfur-35 incorporated into magnesium sulfate and external fast electron irradiation affect the dehydration of primary dodecyl alcohol and the isomerization of the resulting dodecenes. Experiments in a flow catalytic apparatus measured olefin formation brom…

Total synthesis of 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4',8',12'-trimethyltridecyl)-6-hydroxychroman (vitamin E, $\alpha$-tocopherol) and its derivatives

M. E. Maurit, G. V. Smirnova, E. A. Parfenov, I. K. Sarycheva
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17440

This paper describes a complete synthetic route to alpha-tocopherol and related esters, motivated by the difficulty of isolating pure vitamin E from natural sources. The authors prepare isophytol from acetone and acetylene through repeated two-carbon and three-carbon chain-extension steps involving …

On a Case of the Manifestation of Pseudohalogen Properties by a Trifluoromethyl Group Bonded to a Carbon Atom

I. L. KNUNYANTS and Yu. A. CHEBURKOV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17277

The paper examines conditions under which a trifluoromethyl group bonded to carbon can display pseudohalogen behavior, in contrast to cases such as trifluoroacetic acid where this behavior is absent. The authors interpret relevant reactivity in terms of electronic effects and investigate the pyrolys…

Manifestation of the Autonomy of Electronic Groups in the Luminescence Spectra of Complex Molecules

D. N. Shigorin, N. A. Shcheglova, and N. S. Dokunikhin
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17121

This paper examines whether the autonomy of chromophoric electronic groupings, known from absorption spectra, is also manifested in luminescence spectra of complex molecules. Using quasi-line luminescence spectra of anthraquinone, phenanthrenequinone, anthrone, mesobenzanthrone, thioindigo, and rela…

Adsorption of nitrogen, argon, and krypton on various surfaces and determination of surface area

M. G. Kaganer
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.17021

This study compares adsorption of nitrogen, argon, and krypton at 90 K over a wide pressure range on silica gel, silica aerogel, activated alumina, and activated carbon, with the aim of evaluating their use in surface area determination. The analysis applies potential theory and a monomolecular adso…

On the Initiation of Polymerization by Solid Potassium Amide and Alkoxide in Dimethoxyethane

A. I. Shatenshtein, E. A. Yakovleva, and E. S. Petrov
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16831

This paper examines anionic polymerization initiated by solid potassium amide and by potassium alkoxides in dimethoxyethane, drawing on analogies with hydrogen exchange, carbanion formation, and anion-radical chemistry. Experiments under high-vacuum conditions show that styrene polymerizes on solid …

Semi-Euclidean and Semi-Non-Euclidean Spaces

===========
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16822

This paper develops a general theory of semieuclidean and semineuclidean spaces, extending earlier work that treated only special cases. It defines these spaces by systems of scalar products with prescribed signatures, introduces distances, angles, hyperspheres, absolute cones and planes, and descri…

Effect of the Double Layer Structure on Polarographic Surface Catalytic Waves of Hydrogen

S. G. MAIRANOVSKII, L. D. KLYUKINA, and A. N. FRUMKIN
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16700

This study examines how the structure of the electrical double layer affects polarographic surface catalytic hydrogen waves produced by quinine in borate buffer at pH 9.5. By varying the concentration and identity of alkali metal chloride supporting electrolytes and comparing the resulting waves wit…

THE BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEM FOR THE PROPAGATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN A SPHERICALLY LAYERED ANISOTROPIC DISSIPATIVE MEDIUM

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16597

The paper formulates and solves a boundary-value problem for stationary electromagnetic waves in a spherically layered, anisotropic, dissipative medium, motivated by models such as a conducting Earth surrounded by a magneto-anisotropic ionosphere. Maxwell’s equations are reduced to an operator equat…

On the Level Lines of a Solution to an Elliptic Equation

Let us consider the equation:
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16576

The paper studies level sets of bounded solutions to a uniformly elliptic second order linear equation in an infinite strip, under regularity and boundedness assumptions on the coefficients. It proves that two proper components of the zero level set, both extending to infinity without meeting the ho…

Mass spectrometric study of the spectral dependence of the photoionization efficiency of benzene derivatives

M. E. Akopyan, F. I. Vilesov, and A. N. Terenin
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16485

This study examines the spectral dependence of photoionization efficiency for gaseous benzene derivatives, including benzene, methylbenzenes, aromatic amines, and benzylamine, using a mass spectrometer coupled to a vacuum monochromator over photon energies up to 11.7 eV. Ionization-efficiency curves…

DETECTION OF HO₂ RADICALS BY THE E.P.R. METHOD

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16318

This paper reports the detection of hydroperoxyl radicals by electron paramagnetic resonance as a simpler alternative to mass spectrometric identification. HO2 radicals were generated in a gas jet by the termolecular reaction of hydrogen atoms, produced in a silent discharge, with molecular oxygen, …

On the Polarization of Certain Gas Electrodes in Contact with Solid Electrolytes

A. D. NEUIMIN, S. V. KARPACHEV, and S. F. PALGUEV
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16281

The study investigates electrode polarization for gas electrodes in contact with a solid oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte composed of 85 mol% zirconium oxide and 15 mol% calcium oxide. Measurements on symmetric oxygen cells at 900 to 1100°C showed an essentially linear current-voltage relation gove…

Radicals in Group Theory

Unknown
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16144

This note proposes the axiomatic notion of a radical as a means of organizing numerous group classes related to abelian, finite, soluble, and generalized soluble groups. It formulates radical and semisimple classes of groups through closure and series conditions, describes minimal radical and semisi…

On the Sequence of Reactions in the Hydrogenation of 2,3-Dimethylbuta-1,3-diene over a Skeletal Nickel Catalyst

L. Kh. Freidlin, E. F. Litvin, and Yu. Yu. Kaup
1961 SovietRxiv: ru-196101.16105

The study examines the sequence and selectivity of hydrogenation reactions of 2,3-dimethylbutadiene-1,3 on a skeletal nickel catalyst in methanol and ethanol. Using gas-liquid partition chromatography to analyze reaction mixtures during hydrogen uptake, the authors followed the formation and consump…