SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper analyzes the stability of stationary states in electrolytic systems where electrode discharge is coupled to diffusion in a near-electrode layer, with attention to nonstationary and periodic behavior arising after loss of stability. It reformulates the stationary-state condition through a …
This study addresses the lack of general, selective methods for converting gem-dihalocyclopropanes, formed by addition of dichloro- or dibromocarbenes to olefins, into cyclopropane hydrocarbons. Several reducing systems were compared, and sodium in liquid ammonia at low temperature was found to redu…
This study investigates the occurrence and relaxation kinetics of photoconductivity in two acetylene polymers with conjugated bond systems, using thin polymer layers on quartz substrates with platinum comb electrodes under modulated mercury-lamp illumination. Photocurrents of about 10^-10 to 10^-12 …
This study examines how changes in the symmetry of paramagnetic complexes affect proton transverse relaxation time in aqueous solutions. Using the spin echo method at about 17 MHz, the authors measured proton T2 as a function of pH for halide and nitrate salts of copper, cobalt, nickel, iron, mangan…
This paper examines the kinetics and possible mechanism of propyl gallate autooxidation by molecular oxygen in aqueous borate buffer, motivated by the biological significance of phenolic inhibitors and their radical oxidation products. Propyl gallate consumption was monitored polarographically over …
This study examines the role of sulfur vapor transport in the formation of the porous inner layer of sulfide scale produced when copper reacts with sulfur. Dense sulfide scale layers formed on copper were separated under conditions in which one side contacted sulfur and the other bordered vacuum, an…
The study examines photo-semiconductor behavior in monomeric metal acetylides with triple bonds, extending earlier work on polymeric and oligomeric polyynes. Using diffusion photo-emf and transverse photoconductivity measurements in air and vacuum, the authors investigated copper and silver phenylac…
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of lanthanum ditelluride, LaTe2, a rare-earth metal ditelluride for which little prior information was available. Single crystals were obtained by a chemical transport reaction using powdered LaTe2 and iodine, with transport from 950 to 800°C o…
This study applies electron paramagnetic resonance to the oxidation of ortho-amino-para-alkylphenols by benzoyl peroxide, motivated by the proposed radical mechanism of their antioxidant action in fuels. Benzene solutions of several aminoalkylphenols and, to isolate the role of the amino group, meth…
This study examines structural transformations during crystallization of amorphous isotactic polystyrene, a polymer whose slow relaxation processes make crystallization difficult and therefore suitable for observing structure formation. Amorphous particles were prepared from hot toluene and xylene s…
The study examines phase relations and solid-phase composition in the ternary system HF, UO3, H2O at 20 °C, addressing conflicting evidence on the interaction of uranyl fluoride with hydrofluoric acid. Using the isothermal solubility method over a wide range of HF concentrations, the authors analyze…
This paper reports a simple synthesis of stable N-benzoyl derivatives of 1,2-dihydroquinolines, a class of compounds whose parent structures are difficult to isolate because of instability toward polymerization and oxidation. The method uses potassium bisulfate induced dehydration of readily availab…
This study examines the kinetics of hydrogenation of polycyclic hydrocarbons on platinum, extending earlier work on nickel and sulfide catalysts. Seven hydrocarbons were hydrogenated with Adams’ catalyst in glacial acetic acid under low hydrogen pressure, and rate constants and apparent activation e…
This paper examines how the number and arrangement of electron donating methyl substituents affect the reactivity of cyclopropane hydrocarbons in electrophilic addition with mercury acetate. Four methyl-substituted cyclopropanes were synthesized, purified to remove olefin impurities, and reacted und…
A method is described for synthesizing polypyrazoles that contain alternating pyrazole rings with a free NH group in the polymer chain. The approach is based on the reaction of bis-diazo compounds with p-diethynylbenzene or diacetylene, giving yellow polymer powders soluble in dimethylformamide and …
This paper reports the isolation and characterization of two solid modifications of cis-platodiglycine, designated alpha and beta, obtained under different crystallization conditions. The authors compare their aqueous solubilities, infrared spectra, densities, ultraviolet spectra in solution, reacti…
This study examines the X-ray L absorption spectra of lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, and samarium in ionic compounds including peroxides, oxides, oxyfluorides, and fluorides, with the aim of clarifying features of their electronic and valence states. Spectra were recorded photographically using…
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of β-hydroxyalkyl alkylene phosphites, proposed as a new type of phosphorous acid ester containing both a cyclic dioxaphospholane fragment and a free alcoholic hydroxyl group. β-Hydroxyethyl ethylene phosphite was obtained by several independen…
The study examines Michael-type additions of acrolein and mesityl oxide to difuran ketones in order to determine how conjugation and the position of the carbonyl group affect the reactivity of furan rings. Comparative experiments show that 1,5-difurylpentadien-1,4-one-3 does not react under the test…
This study examines the stability of divalent platinum diacidodiammine complexes containing ammonia or methylamine and chloride or iodide ligands, including cis and trans isomers. Overall instability constants were estimated potentiometrically at 18 °C and ionic strength one from platinum electrode …
This study examines the synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol esters containing diphenylboroxy side groups, a class of organoboron derivatives for which prior reports on polyhydric alcohols were lacking. Polyvinyl alcohol was reacted with diphenylboron chloride and its donor complexes in polar electron don…
This paper examines the acid-catalyzed condensation of enamines with aldehydes, focusing on N-propenylpiperidine and propionaldehyde as a model system. Two possible mechanisms are compared: formation of an imonium ion followed by condensation, and direct acid-assisted addition of the aldehyde to the…
This study examines how the surface concentration of anthracene adsorbed from vapor on aluminosilicate gel affects its optical absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. Samples were prepared under vacuum with varied adsorption times, and their diffuse-reflectance absorption and EPR spe…
This study investigates the retention and release of molecular hydrogen formed during low-temperature radiolysis of solid paraffin and high-pressure polyethylene near liquid-nitrogen temperature. Using electron irradiation, manometric measurements, mass spectrometry, and diffusion-equation analysis,…
This study examines the spectral sensitivity and sign of photopotentials generated in metal-free and magnesium phthalocyanine layers in contact with aqueous electrolytes, including media containing oxidizing or reducing molecules. Using an electrolytic capacitor arrangement with intermittent monochr…
The study examines ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra of selected alkyl, dialkyl, acyl, and diacyl derivatives of ferrocene, addressing inconsistencies and limited comparability in earlier spectral data. Purified compounds were measured in isooctane solutions from 300 to 700 mµ at room tempe…
This paper reports the isolation and characterization of pyridinium pyridinepentahalorhenates(IV), PyH[RePyCl5] and PyH[RePyBr5], proposed as intermediates in the conversion of pyridinium hexahalorhenates to dipyridinetetrahalorhenates. By reacting the corresponding pyridinium hexachloro or hexabrom…
This paper examines thiol, disulfide exchange in polysulfide polymers with terminal mercaptan groups, focusing on whether exchange occurs not only during synthesis but also during ordinary mixing of polymers of different molecular weights. Polysulfides with molecular weights from about 600 to 3000 w…
This paper reports the preparation and preliminary characterization of previously undescribed oxalato-sulfite complex compounds of thorium and uranium(IV), motivated by limited prior information on sulfite complexes and the absence of data on mixed oxalato-sulfite species. Thorium or uranium oxalate…
This paper examines the chemical nonequivalence of active hydrogen sorbed by a skeletal nickel catalyst during incomplete hydrogenation and double-bond migration of 1-hexene in ethanol at room temperature. The authors compare experiments with full, limited, and no external hydrogen supply, using gas…
The paper proposes iteration chromatography, a variant of vacant chromatography intended to adapt gas chromatographic analysis for automatic control by making the detector function primarily as a null instrument. The method introduces prepared doses, or mixed component streams, into the analyzed gas…
This study examines the catalytic activity of synthetic zeolites NaX, CaA, and HX in cumene cracking and isopropyl alcohol dehydration using flow reactor experiments and gas analysis of reaction products. Cumene cracking was not observed below 400 degrees Celsius, and the low conversion at 425 to 43…
This paper examines the structure and capacitance of the electric double layer in molten salts and highly concentrated electrolyte solutions, motivated by observed capacitance curves resembling those of dilute solutions. Using Bogolyubov’s chain of equations for a hard sphere Coulomb system near a u…
This paper examines the physical interpretation of force constants in polyatomic molecular vibration theory and argues that conventional force-constant matrices do not correspond directly to measurable elasticities of individual structural elements. It proposes describing interatomic forces by symme…
This study examines how medium polarity influences the activation energy of chain propagation during liquid phase oxidation of ethyl alcohol and methyl ethyl ketone. Oxidation experiments were conducted under pressure at different temperatures and benzene dilutions, and maximum rates, initiation rat…
This paper examines crystallization of thin germanium layers from the gas phase by the chemical reaction method, motivated by the superior electrical properties of such layers compared with vacuum-deposited films. Experiments in a quartz reactor measured growth rate as a function of germanium tetrac…
This study examines the structure and dual reactivity of N-ethyleniminocarbinols formed from ethylenimine and carbonyl compounds, challenging earlier interpretations that invoked oxazolidines or bis-ethylenimine products under mild conditions. Reactions of several N-ethyleniminocarbinols with ethyle…
This study examines the thermodynamic properties and crystal-chemical behavior of solid solutions in the zinc ferrite, magnetite system, Zn1-xFe2+xO4. Using experimentally measured hydrogen reduction equilibrium constants at 600, 700, and 900 °C together with X-ray determination of lattice parameter…
The paper investigates the fine structure of scandium K-absorption spectra in metallic scandium and in refractory compounds including scandium diboride, monocarbide, mononitride, and oxide. Using photographic x-ray spectrography with energy determinations accurate to about 0.2 eV, the authors compar…
This study examines how irradiation affects the catalytic behavior of copper in the dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to benzene, a reaction for which untreated copper shows only weak activity. Copper catalysts prepared from copper nitrate were tested in a flow apparatus before and after neutron irradi…
The study examines how the capacitance of the electrical double layer varies with composition in the binary molten salt system PbCl2,KCl, using platinum electrodes and audio-frequency impedance measurements. Capacitive resistance was measured both at 540 °C and at temperatures 50 °C above the liquid…
The study examines hydrogen abstraction reactions of the stable tri-tert-butylphenoxyl radical with decane, isodecane, toluene, ethylbenzene, and cumene in the liquid phase. Radicals were generated by oxidation of the corresponding phenol, and reaction kinetics were followed by EPR measurements over…
This study examines the mechanism of the iodine-starch color reaction, with particular attention to the chemical form of iodine incorporated into the starch macromolecule. Using spectrophotometric measurements of aqueous iodine, starch, and iodine-starch solutions over 220 to 800 nm, including exper…
This study examines the visible and ultraviolet absorption spectra produced when anthracene vapor is adsorbed under vacuum on silica, alumina, aluminosilicate gels, ion-exchanged aluminosilicates, KU-2 resin, and aluminum chloride. Diffuse-reflection spectroscopy shows that aluminosilicate surfaces …
This study examines zirconium dioxide and titanium dioxide as promoters for a cobalt on kieselguhr catalyst in the atmospheric pressure synthesis of higher hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Catalysts were prepared by precipitation, reduced in hydrogen, and tested in a flow reactor with…
The study examines catalytic transformations of n-alkanes on CaA zeolite molecular sieves, with emphasis on whether apparent selective dehydrogenation reflects true intracavity reaction selectivity or molecular sieving of products. Using n-dodecane cracking over tableted CaA zeolite, the authors mea…
This study investigates the interaction of ammonia with indium(I) bromide and iodide, addressing the previously little studied complex chemistry of monovalent indium. Using reactions with dry gaseous or liquid ammonia under controlled pressure and temperature, together with elemental analysis, therm…
This paper addresses the preparation and characterization of 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol pyrophosphate, an allylic pyrophosphate implicated in enzymatic isomerization and carbon carbon bond formation during isoprenoid biosynthesis. The authors obtained isomerically pure 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol, phosphorylat…
This study examines the polymorphism of trinitrobenzene, a compound for which previous reports described several unstable and stable crystalline modifications with differing melting points. Using differential microthermal analysis, repeated heating and cooling of highly purified samples, supercoolin…
This study examines the formation of element oxygen element bonds in organolead compounds, focusing on the synthesis and properties of plumboxanes as analogues of siloxane, germoxane, and stannoxane systems. The authors show that diaryllead dicarboxylates undergo hydrolysis in aqueous acetone, and t…
