SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper analyzes steady flow of an ideally conducting liquid past magnetized bodies, where frozen-in magnetic field lines prevent the incident nonmagnetized flow from entering a magnetic cavity adjacent to the body. It formulates the magnetohydrodynamic boundary conditions for a stationary cavity…
This note addresses a dispute over theoretical descriptions of longitudinal magnetostriction in nickel single crystals, particularly for magnetization along the [111] direction. Brown argues that Akulov’s recent comparison between his own theory and Heisenberg’s theory rests on calculations by Gans …
This paper proposes a new class of charged-particle accelerators using time-constant sectored magnetic fields that produce stable, mutually tangent particle trajectories. It analyzes a representative four-sector homogeneous-field system, deriving orbit-perimeter relations and discussing stability co…
This paper formulates plane harmonic heat-conduction problems for thin plates in which temperature is assumed uniform through the thickness, considering both adiabatic faces and faces exchanging heat with an external medium. By reducing the thermal-wave equations to fourth-order equations analogous …
This paper investigates previously unobserved cadmium reactions with fast neutrons, focusing on 14 MeV neutron induced (n, alpha) processes that produce radioactive palladium isotopes. Cadmium targets were irradiated with neutron sources, palladium products were isolated radiochemically, and the res…
This paper analyzes dispersion relations for the scattering of K mesons and antikaons on nucleons, treating the K meson as a scalar or pseudoscalar field and using general S matrix and locality assumptions. It formulates the scattering amplitude through current operators, discusses analytic continua…
This paper reports stratospheric measurements of the hard component of cosmic rays at geomagnetic latitude 31 degrees N, undertaken to determine the flux of primary particles at the atmospheric boundary and to support later studies of inelastic interaction cross sections. Balloon-borne counter teles…
This paper applies Bogolyubov’s variational principle to binary alloy and Ising model problems by choosing a trial Hamiltonian that includes interactions within pairs of neighboring lattice sites, while treating interactions between pairs variationally. For a 50 percent binary alloy, the method yiel…
This paper analyzes phase shifts in elastic scattering of positive pi mesons by protons in the energy range up to about 310 MeV, where contributions beyond S and P waves may begin to matter. Experimental angular distributions are fitted by least squares, and electronic-computer searches are used to …
This paper investigates the mechanism of fast photoproton production from nickel and aluminum under irradiation by bremsstrahlung gamma quanta with a maximum energy of 85 ± 5 MeV. Using a scintillation telescope with calibrated CsI(Tl) and NaI(Tl) counters, the authors measured energy distributions …
This paper proposes using nuclear magnetic resonance absorption, under rapid passage conditions, as an indirect means of detecting free radicals through their effect on spin lattice relaxation time. The authors test the idea with benzene solutions containing diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, with increased vi…
This paper examines how phonon drag affects thermomagnetic phenomena in polycrystalline bismuth selenide. Measurements of electrical conductivity, Hall effect, thermopower, and transverse and longitudinal Nernst-Ettingshausen effects were performed on several specimens between 120 and 700 K, with bo…
This paper studies pulsations of a plasma pinch in ideal magnetohydrodynamics for one-dimensional axisymmetric motion with circular magnetic field lines. It derives a class of exact homogeneous-deformation solutions in Lagrangian coordinates, expressing density, pressure, and magnetic field through …
The paper extends a statistical theory of crystallization based on Bogolyubov’s method from one-component systems to multicomponent systems with short-range interactions. It derives functional equations for generating functionals and correlation functions, expresses distribution functions through si…
This paper presents an electron-optical method for observing ferromagnetic domain structure using photoelectrons focused by magnetic optics. The authors describe a photoelectron emission microscope in which an antimony, cesium photocathode is formed on a cobalt specimen, allowing local magnetic micr…
The paper develops a method for reconstructing particle distribution functions in electron-photon cascade showers from a finite number of known moments, with particular attention to the singular behavior of the spatial distribution near the shower axis. The authors approximate the regularized distri…
This note responds to W. F. Brown’s criticism concerning calculations of magnetostriction in nickel single crystals and distinguishes an error in the work of Gans and Harlem from the author’s energy-based theory. Akulov argues that Heisenberg’s formally statistical method remains physically inadequa…
This note examines the equilibrium and spherically symmetric unsteady motion of a perfect gas under its own gravitation, with attention to a mechanically driven explosive transition from rest. Sedov constructs an exact solution of the nonlinear gas-dynamic equations in which a prescribed equilibrium…
This paper analyzes the influence function for the linear equation of radiant energy transfer with absorption, scattering, frequency change, sources, and specified initial and boundary conditions. By introducing the adjoint transport equation and its boundary conditions, the author derives a recipro…
This paper addresses anomalously strong and narrow central Rayleigh scattering in glasses and viscous liquids, where observed intensities exceed those predicted by equilibrium formulas for ordinary liquids or isotropic solids. It argues that vitrification is a kinetic process rather than a second-or…
The paper studies linear systems whose parameters vary randomly, with emphasis on wave transmission lines and related discrete systems where scattered or transformed waves can accumulate and invalidate ordinary first order perturbation methods. It formulates such problems as systems of linear differ…
The paper examines the measurement of infrared absorption spectra when the radiation source is colder than the receiver, producing a negative radiation flux. It combines thermodynamic and radiometric analysis with experiments on nitrobenzene and toluene using an infrared spectrophotometer, comparing…
This paper reports measurements of cross sections for cadmium isotope reactions Cd(n,p)Ag induced by 14 MeV neutrons. Cadmium nitrate samples were irradiated, palladium and silver activities were chemically separated, and decay curves and beta absorption measurements were used to identify Ag-106, Ag…
This paper investigates the radiochemical detection of the reaction Si-30(p, pi+)Si-31 during irradiation of silicon with protons of 120 to 660 MeV. Silicon targets were irradiated in a synchrocyclotron beam, chemically separated, and assayed through the decay and beta absorption characteristics of …
This paper reports a beta spectrometric study of positron emission from holmium 160 produced in proton irradiated tantalum and chemically separated from holmium and erbium fractions. Using a triple focusing beta spectrometer, the authors measured conversion electron lines attributed mainly to holmiu…
This paper investigates the mean energy required to form an electron, hole pair in germanium crystals under ionization by fast electrons, a quantity relevant to semiconductor radiation detectors and direct conversion devices. Using n-type germanium crystals with p-n junctions, the authors measured t…
The paper studies linear transformations of relativistically invariant wave equations for particles of arbitrary and higher spin, focusing on transformations that preserve the essential structure of the Lorentz generators, reflection operator, dynamical matrices, and metric form. It argues that admi…
This paper revisits the oscillator strength sum theorem for alkali-metal atoms, motivated by discrepancies between Fock’s earlier correction formula and newer dispersion measurements for sodium. It argues that the usual dipole transition perturbation is incomplete because the polarized ionic core mo…
This paper develops an asymptotically exact calculation of the thermodynamic potential for a class of fermionic pairing Hamiltonians relevant to superconductivity, including momentum-dependent interaction kernels. Using canonical transformations and statistical perturbation theory, the authors show …
This paper examines the limits of stable flame propagation in gases when pressure and volume vary, conditions relevant to pulsating and piston engines where mechanical work exchange may dominate ordinary heat transfer. Using a simplified energy balance for a flame zone, the analysis incorporates che…
This paper investigates how electric fields affect the conductivity and breakdown behavior of thin dielectric and semiconducting layers, focusing on oxide, sulfide, and related films about 30 to 1000 Å thick. Using metal substrates, thin surface layers, and contacts such as copper sulfide or telluri…
This paper reports measurements of the temperature dependence of the spectroscopic splitting factor and relaxation time in ferromagnetic resonance for several sintered lithium zinc and nickel zinc ferrites. Using absorption and dispersion curves at about 9.4 GHz, together with resonance formulas acc…
This paper addresses the construction of the radial distribution function for a classical electron gas with Coulomb interactions, focusing on the failure of the standard Debye expansion at short distances where it can become negative. The authors reformulate Bogolyubov’s integral equations by factor…
This paper examines how the sign of flow birefringence in polymer solutions depends on concentration, using the case of a polystyrene fraction in dioxane. The authors interpret birefringence as the sum of contributions from intrinsic macromolecular anisotropy and form anisotropy of a solvent-swollen…
This study investigates whether polarization diagrams of crystal luminescence can be used to infer molecular orientation in stilbene single crystals while avoiding large birefringence corrections. Spherical crystals and hemispheres cut in selected optical planes were prepared, oriented by conoscopic…
This paper examines how secondary luminescence should be classified, questioning the sufficiency of Vavilov’s criteria based on quenching and afterglow duration. Using a classical dipole model and a quantum electrodynamic treatment of a three-level atom interacting with a medium, it compares station…
This paper analyzes how departures from a Boltzmann vibrational distribution affect the dissociation rate of diatomic molecules in binary collisions with a heat bath. Using a simplified quantum model with nearly equidistant bound vibrational levels and dissociation only from the highest level, it fo…
This paper analyzes radiation from nonrelativistic charged particles passing along the axis near axially symmetric ideally conducting bodies, with attention to induced surface charges and currents. The problem is separated into an electrostatic boundary value calculation of the particle motion and i…
This paper develops a tight-binding description of the diffusion and mobility of a single excess electron or hole in an atomic liquid semiconductor, where the usual concepts of plane waves and mean free path are argued to be inapplicable. It introduces an equivalent probabilistic process for quantum…
This study examines the titanium K beta group x-ray emission lines in Ti-C alloys with carbon contents from about 9 to 24 percent, in order to clarify spectral changes relevant to bonding in transition-metal carbides. Specially prepared and chemically and structurally characterized carbides were mea…
The paper examines dispersion relations for weak-interaction processes, using the reaction of a negative muon with a proton producing a neutron and neutrino as its main example. Arguing to first order in the weak coupling, the authors show that the anti-Hermitian part of the amplitude vanishes, so t…
The paper examines the theory of fluorescence polarization in solutions when fluorescence is quenched by foreign substances, focusing on cases where the decay law is nonexponential and the usual Levshin-Perrin formula becomes inadequate. The authors derive a modified polarization relation that incor…
This paper examines the temperature dependence of magnetic anisotropy in cubic ferromagnetic crystals, extending earlier spin-wave treatments by including spin-wave interactions. Starting from a Hamiltonian with exchange, external-field, and cubic anisotropy terms, the analysis transforms to axes al…
This note extends Poincaré’s upper limit for the angular velocity of a rotating liquid mass to discrete gravitating stellar systems, for which the original surface-based proof is not applicable. Using the virial theorem, it derives an inequality relating the angular velocity to the system’s gravitat…
This study examines the conditions under which freshly cleaved thin mica sheets can form optical contact with polished glass, a possibility previously considered doubtful. Using interference observations and controlled surface treatments, the work distinguishes homogeneous contacts, with regular sep…
This paper develops a method for treating unsteady relativistic flow of a viscous, heat-conducting gas within self-gravitating masses. Starting from the energy-momentum conservation equations, the continuity equation with thermal conduction, and Einstein’s gravitational field equations, it specializ…
This paper examines previously unresolved short-wavelength features near the L alpha 1,2 and L beta 1 lines in the L-series x-ray spectrum of germanium. Using microphotographic measurements of spectra from pure germanium and germanium dioxide, together with an extrapolation of level-energy differenc…
This paper investigates planar Earth to Moon flight in the circular restricted three body problem, addressing lunar impact, free return flyby, atmospheric return, periodic trajectories, and velocity changes produced by lunar passage. Combining approximate analytical methods with numerical integratio…
This note examines how bound states enter dispersion relations for meson photoproduction, with particular attention to the unobservable energy region below the photoproduction threshold. Assuming no meson, nucleon bound states between the nucleon mass and the one-meson threshold, the authors show th…
Chernikov derives a relativistic expression for the collision probability of a particle moving through an inhomogeneous medium whose particles have arbitrary velocities, assuming binary collisions and neglecting external forces during the interaction. The argument treats particle motion as world lin…
