SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
The study determines the crystal structure of the zinc chloride complex with acetonitrile, a precursor system relevant to the formation of semiconducting polyacetonitrile from the melt. Single crystals were examined by X-ray diffraction using Cu K alpha radiation, and the orthorhombic structure was …
This paper analyzes the vibrational force fields of the methylbromosilane homologous series, from methyltribromosilane to tetramethylsilane, using measured Raman and infrared spectra and a calculation scheme previously applied to methylchlorosilanes. Potential energy coefficients, vibrational freque…
This paper reports the synthesis of osmium phthalocyanine by reacting osmium tetroxide with molten phthalonitrile, yielding a dark-blue crystalline compound assigned the composition sulfate osmium phthalocyanine, with osmium reduced to the tetravalent state. The authors interpret the compound as a s…
This study examines how high pressure affects the rate of Arbuzov reactions, focusing on the rearrangement of triethyl phosphite with ethyl iodide and its reaction with isopropyl iodide. Kinetic experiments at 80 degrees Celsius showed that raising the pressure to 2000 kg per square centimeter incre…
This study examines whether controlled thermal treatment can improve the heat resistance of polymers by first eliminating weak bonds and then allowing radical recombination to restructure the material. Polydimethylsiloxane rubber vulcanizates were heated in hermetically sealed molds at 150 to 350°C,…
This study examines the catalytic hydrogenation of 2-arylideneindandiones-1,3 as a route to 2-aralkylindanon-1-ols-3, compounds related to physiologically active indandione derivatives. The authors show that, under catalyst- and substituent-dependent conditions, four hydrogen atoms can be added to t…
This paper describes synthetic routes to biologically important higher polyenoic fatty acids: linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, and docosatetraenoic 7,10,13,16 acids. The methods use butyne 2 diol 1,4 and related halogenated or acetylenic starting materials to build polyynic intermediates, followed …
This paper investigates the electrochemical behavior of single-crystal gallium arsenide in acidic and alkaline aqueous solutions using polarization curves and photopotential measurements under pulsed illumination. It compares n-type and p-type samples with different carrier concentrations and shows …
This paper examines why solutions containing an initially pure oxidized complex form nevertheless give finite and reproducible potentials at a platinum indicator electrode. The authors argue that dissolution establishes coupled equilibria involving self-reduction and ligand dissociation, generating …
The study examines the fusibility of the potassium hydroxide hydrate and potassium borohydride system as a possible high-temperature medium for borohydride reductions. Potassium borohydride and anhydrous potassium hydroxide hydrate were prepared, handled under dry nitrogen, and investigated by therm…
This paper addresses the calculation of the electrophoretic velocity of an ion in a strong electrolyte under an external electric field, emphasizing limitations of earlier phenomenological treatments. Using Bogolyubov’s statistical method of distribution functions, the author models charged particle…
This paper reports the observation of dielectric permittivity dispersion in the critical region of demixing for binary liquid systems, with particular attention to nitrobenzene in hexane near the critical concentration. Measurements of temperature and frequency dependences at low audio frequencies s…
This study examines whether synthesized titanium and niobium oxalate derivatives are true complex compounds by comparing their infrared absorption spectra with those of corresponding simple oxalates. Spectra were recorded for alkali, ammonium, and alkaline earth oxalates and for related titanyl oxal…
This paper examines how the charge of an electroactive reacting particle can be determined from the dependence of electroreduction kinetics on electrode potential and supporting electrolyte concentration, while accounting for double layer effects. The authors derive conditions under which comparison…
This study examines the joint extraction of uranyl nitrate and cerium(IV) nitrate from 1.5 N nitric acid aqueous solutions by tributyl phosphate at 25°C. Distribution coefficients for uranium and cerium were measured over a range of equilibrium concentrations and compared with extraction of each nit…
This paper examines anomalous polarographic behavior observed during the reduction of naphthalenesulfonic acids at a dropping mercury electrode, especially unequal multistep wave heights, kinetic limiting currents, and missing waves for cleavage of final sulfo groups. It argues that these effects ca…
This study examines the isotropic hyperfine structure of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra for alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-triphenylmethylhydrazyl and derivatives containing para methoxy or nitro substituents. Air-sensitive radicals were generated and measured under vacuum in benzene or chlorofo…
This paper investigates the temperature dependence of saturation magnetization and the magnetic structure of nickel films produced by chemical nickel plating. Using films deposited under varied bath volumes, replacement schedules, and operating times, the authors measured saturation magnetization an…
This study examines how aromatic and aliphatic amines affect the fluorescence quenching and photochemical oxidation of anthracene derivatives in alcoholic solution. Bimolecular fluorescence-quenching constants were measured for several substituted anthracenes and compared with amine basicity, ioniza…
This study examines the configuration of fluorine-substituted styrenes, a question not resolved by synthetic studies alone, using dipole moment measurements in benzene at 25 degrees Celsius. Dipole moments were determined for a series of fluoroolefins and substituted styrenes and compared with expec…
This study examines the formation of supramolecular structures in polyethylene directly during polymerization, rather than after processing through melt or solution. Polyethylene was produced in benzene at 60 degrees C and 10 atm using partially chlorinated aluminum with alpha titanium trichloride, …
This study examines chemical interaction in molten indium, tellurium alloys, with particular attention to the stability and structural behavior of In2Te3 and InTe. Using physicochemical analysis, the authors measured viscosity and electrical conductivity over a wide temperature range for alloys of v…
This paper examines how molecular conformation affects fragmentation reactions of derivatives of alpha-amino acids, especially compounds containing tertiary nitrogen. The author studies decomposition of N,N-disubstituted alpha-amino acids under phosphorus pentachloride and compares amine yields for …
This paper examines polarographic kinetic currents arising from the slow formation of nickel pyridine complexes in nitrate media. Using measurements of wave splitting, current dependence on pyridine concentration, mercury head, and ionic strength, the study applies Brdička-Wiesner theory to a two-st…
This paper analyzes how finite electrochemical reaction rates affect Faradaic impedance in a binary electrolyte when the double layer is included. Extending an earlier treatment for reversible reactions, it derives expressions for the complex resistance under boundary conditions with a finite exchan…
This study examines the thermal cyclopolymerization of butadiene to obtain the cyclic dimers vinylcyclohexene and 1,3-dimethylcyclohexadiene, which are relevant intermediates for polymer production. Experiments in a stainless steel reactor with activated carbon packing varied temperature, space velo…
This paper examines the use of chemically pure sodium chloride as a solid support for gas-liquid chromatography of high-boiling and relatively unstable organic compounds. The authors argue that conventional silicate-based supports may promote decomposition, isomerization, adsorption, and excessive r…
This paper investigates the mechanism of the aminonitrile rearrangement observed in reactions of acrolein with salts of unsymmetrical dialkylhydrazines followed by alkalization. The authors argue that β-dialkylaminonitriles form through cyclization to quaternary pyrazolinium salts and subsequent dec…
This paper investigates whether astatine, by analogy with iodine, can form organic derivatives in higher valence states, an area previously supported only by limited indirect evidence. Using short-time classical syntheses adapted for radioactive astatine isotopes and iodine analogues as carriers and…
This paper examines the mechanism by which strong simple and complex metallohalide acids are extracted from aqueous chloride and other acid solutions into oxygen-containing organic solvents. Using infrared spectroscopy, chiefly on iron extraction into esters, ketones, and ethers, the authors analyze…
This study examines how tin tetrachloride complexes with unsaturated heteroatom-containing compounds, where coordination may occur either through a heteroatom lone pair or through a carbon-carbon double bond. Using dielectric titration, supplemented by cryoscopic titration and isolation of selected …
This study examines electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of unstable phosphonhydrazyl free radicals in chloroform and acetonitrile solutions, prepared by oxidation of corresponding phosphonhydrazines. The spectra show five-line hyperfine structure from interaction of the unpaired electron with tw…
This paper examines the electrostatic theory of weakly ionized polyelectrolytes in electrolyte solution, focusing on the limitations of treating macroion charge as uniformly distributed. The authors model a spherical polymer coil locally as a planar dielectric interface with discrete surface charges…
This paper investigates the fluorination of uranium tetrafluoride by chlorine trifluoride between 18 and 300°C, using chemical and X-ray phase analysis of solid residues and uranium hexafluoride yield as indicators of reaction progress. The authors identify distinct temperature-dependent regimes: di…
This study examines how monomer concentration and conversion affect the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of stereoregular cis-1,4-polybutadiene formed in benzene solution using soluble cobalt complex catalysts with diisobutylaluminum chloride. Molecular weight distributions were de…
This paper examines the preparation of 2-arylindan-1-ol-3-ones by selective catalytic hydrogenation of readily available 2-arylindandione-1,3 derivatives, motivated by the physiological importance of related anticoagulant indandiones. Hydrogenation of 2-phenylindandione-1,3 in ethanol at room temper…
The study quantitatively investigates the kinetics of aquation of dissolved monofluorophosphate ion in neutral, alkaline, and strongly acidic media. Using phosphate determinations on sealed, thermostatted samples, the authors show that hydrolysis follows the stoichiometry yielding orthophosphate and…
This paper examines thermogalvanic corrosion of metals under temperature gradients, addressing the conventional assumption that the heated region of a metal surface necessarily becomes anodic and therefore corrodes preferentially. Model thermogalvanic cells with separated hot and cold electrodes wer…
This paper reports an experimental electron paramagnetic resonance study of benzyl radicals generated by low-temperature photolysis of benzyl chloride adsorbed on degassed silica gel. The observed spectrum is interpreted as a triplet, with a splitting of about 16.5 Oe from the methylene protons, eac…
This study examines how dispersity changes during hydration of beta dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate and how these changes relate to structure formation in concentrated pastes with quartz sand. Using low temperature nitrogen adsorption, bound water measurements, and plastic strength tests,…
This paper calculates spin density distributions in potassium ketyls of benzophenone, benzil, and fluorenone using a simple LCAO molecular orbital method. Ketyl formation is treated as electron transfer from the metal to the lowest vacant ketone orbital, with oxygen included through adjustable Coulo…
This study investigates the role of free radicals in the oxidation of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol by oxygen in the presence of homogeneous copper amine complex catalysts. Using electron paramagnetic resonance, the authors detect 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenoxyl radicals during oxidation and compare the b…
The paper examines the kinetics of anodic oxidation of niobium in 1 N solutions of sulfuric, phosphoric, nitric, and hydrochloric acids, focusing on the relation between current density, oxide film growth, and electrode potential. Using constant-current polarization measurements, the authors analyze…
This study examines complex formation in tartaric acid solutions for Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, with the aim of assessing ion exchange as a tool for characterizing metal species and improving separations. Distribution coefficients and sorption percentages were measured under static conditions o…
This paper investigates inorganic model systems for the Hill reaction, replacing chlorophyll with semiconductor photocatalysts to study light-driven reduction of ferric compounds coupled to oxygen evolution from water. Suspensions of titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and tungstic acid were illuminated i…
This paper investigates the reversible photochemical reduction of polymethine thiacarbocyanine dyes in pyridine solutions using ascorbic acid and cysteine as reducing agents. By monitoring absorption changes under illumination and in darkness, the authors show that dyes with longer polymethine chain…
This study examines how preparation history affects the catalytic behavior of unsupported metallic nickel. Ten nickel catalysts produced by different routes were tested in flow experiments using cyclohexane dehydrogenation, isopropyl alcohol dehydrogenation, and tert-butyl alcohol dehydration, with …
This paper develops computational procedures for double effusion cell mass spectrometry of vapors containing monomeric and associated molecules, aiming to obtain mass spectral coefficients, vapor composition, and dissociation energies from a single temperature series. The method uses the expected li…
This paper investigates the use of acetone for extracting technetium-99 from alkaline solutions, particularly those arising in the processing of neutron-irradiated molybdenum. The authors show that sodium hydroxide and sodium molybdate can salt out acetone from aqueous media, enabling phase separati…
This paper describes a thin-layer chromatographic method for separating carbohydrates and polyhydric alcohols on cellulose powder plates fixed with gypsum. The authors prepared stable cellulose layers, tested a series of alcohol, ester, water, pyridine, and ammonia solvent systems, and determined Rf…
