SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines whether phenolate groups in nitro-substituted diphenylmethane and diphenylethane systems can form colored donor-acceptor complexes analogous to those formed by amino donor groups. The authors synthesized hydroxy derivatives, converted them to sodium phenolate salts, and compared …
This paper examines whether the dielectric constant is a theoretically justified parameter for describing solvent effects on electronic spectra and intermolecular interactions in solutions. Critiquing continuum approaches based on the Onsager model, the authors argue that interactions between locali…
This study examines the origin of light-induced electron paramagnetic resonance signals observed in silver bromide powders sensitized with cyanine dyes, a question relevant to mechanisms of spectral sensitization. Using EPR measurements under illumination, vacuum, air, and low-temperature conditions…
This paper develops a quantum mechanical treatment of heterogeneous electrochemical oxidation reduction reactions on metals for the case in which the inner coordination sphere of the reacting ion is assumed not to deform during electron transfer. Using a one particle approximation, continuum solvent…
This study examines how composition affects radiation-induced optical absorption in glasses of the Na2O, Al2O3, SiO2 system, where aluminum may function either as a network former or modifier. Glasses with varying Na2O and Al2O3 contents were gamma-irradiated, and difference absorption spectra were …
This study examines the interactions of tri-n-butyl phosphate with nitric acid and water, motivated by its use as an extractant in nitric acid media. Using physicochemical analysis, the authors measured density, viscosity, crystallization behavior, and mutual solubility in the binary systems tri-n-b…
The study examines keto, cis-enol, and trans-enol equilibria in a series of 3-alkylacetylacetones with primary, secondary, and cyclic substituents in different solvents. Bromometric titration, copper acetate tests, infrared spectra, and ultraviolet spectra are used to distinguish tautomeric forms an…
This paper addresses the difficulty of determining the actual capacitance of the electrical double layer in molten electrolytes from impedance measurements, where simple series or parallel equivalent circuits can give misleading component values. The authors propose treating the cell by a more gener…
This study determines orientational and dipole relaxation times for a homologous series of nine normal bromides, from ethyl to decyl bromide, using a spectroscopic light scattering method based on broadening of the anisotropic component of the mercury 4358 Å line. Measurements on purified sealed sam…
This paper examines the cardiac glycoside composition of lily of the valley seeds and reports the isolation of a previously undescribed glycoside, named convallatoxoloside. Alcoholic extraction, solvent partitioning, paper and column chromatography, crystallization, acid and enzymatic hydrolysis, op…
This study examines the regioselective addition of methyldichlorosilane to mono- and symmetrically disubstituted allene hydrocarbons in the presence of chloroplatinic acid. The resulting chlorosilane adducts were methylated and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, hydrogenation to known saturated…
This paper reports preliminary X-ray structural data for rhodium acetate, a lower-valence rhodium carboxylate whose formulation had been uncertain. From monoclinic cell parameters, Patterson projections, and electron-density projections, the authors identify a dimeric complex isostructural with copp…
This study examines low molecular products formed during the thermal polymerization of cyclohexadiene-1,3, with attention to compounds containing an odd number of monomer units. Spectrophotometric analysis of residual monomeric products identified benzene after polymerization at higher temperatures,…
This study examines how the structure of the electrical double layer affects electrochemical desorption of adsorbed hydrogen on iron electrodes in sulfuric acid. Using the decrease in hydrogen overvoltage caused by atomic hydrogen diffusing through the electrode as an indicator of desorption rate, t…
The germanium selenium system was examined by differential thermal analysis and powder X-ray phase analysis using alloys prepared from elemental germanium and selenium in sealed ampoules. The resulting phase diagram identifies two compounds, GeSe and GeSe2: GeSe decomposes peritectically at 670 °C, …
The paper examines heterotripolyhalides of alkali metals as compounds suitable for separating closely related alkali elements, especially removing potassium from rubidium salts and rubidium from cesium salts. It argues that differences in ionic polarizability can suppress isomorphous cocrystallizati…
This paper examines the mechanism of bimolecular electrophilic substitution at a saturated carbon atom in organomercury compounds, focusing on whether such reactions require complex transition states proposed in prior work. The authors review kinetic and stereochemical arguments for a cyclic four-me…
The paper investigates the previously little studied reactivity of tri(chloromethyl)phosphine, focusing on its alcoholysis and acid-induced transformations. Experiments with sodium ethoxide in ethanol show that the reaction does not give the expected tris(alkoxymethyl)phosphine, but instead produces…
This paper investigates the vapor density of hafnium tetrachloride at elevated temperatures and varying pressures, addressing a lack of data needed for calculations of gas-phase zirconium and hafnium tetrachloride separation processes. Hafnium tetrachloride labeled with Hf-181 was purified and studi…
This study examines intermediate radical formation during the inhibited oxidation of isotactic polypropylene, with the aim of clarifying inhibitor action in chain, degenerately branched oxidation processes. Electron paramagnetic resonance was used to identify and follow radicals formed from several …
This study examines the two successive retardations observed during anodic oxidation of silver to silver oxide in alkaline solution under potentiostatic conditions. Using overvoltage measurements and alternating-current impedance analysis, the authors distinguish an initial diffusion limitation asso…
This paper examines high-temperature thermal cracking of methane under strongly nonisothermal conditions, where reaction rates and temperature change rapidly and conventional isothermal kinetic treatment is impractical. Using rapid adiabatic compression and expansion of methane mixtures with argon a…
This paper examines how chemiluminescence kinetics can be used to study radical processes in liquid phase hydrocarbon oxidation. Using initiated oxidation of ethylbenzene in the presence or absence of oxygen and inhibitors, it relates abrupt changes in emission intensity to transitions between stati…
This study examines the structure of the secondary photoreduced form of pheophytin a, a metal-free analogue of chlorophyll, in order to clarify where hydrogen atoms are added during reversible photochemical reduction. Pheophytin a was photoreduced in pyridine solution with hydrogen sulfide under vac…
The paper examines how transparent monolithic solids form when powdered polymethyl methacrylate is pressed under elevated temperature and pressure, focusing on whether stress relaxation is governed by thermal degradation. The authors compare transparency loss after annealing, molecular weight change…
The study investigates the alkenylation and haloalkylation of benzene with allyl chloride and allyl bromide using a boron fluoride, orthophosphoric acid catalyst complex under varied molar ratios, catalyst amounts, and temperatures. Reaction products were separated by vacuum distillation and charact…
This study examines the introduction of ferrocenyl groups into pyridine and the preparation of pyridyl-substituted ferrocenes. Heating ferrocenylenediboronic acid with cupric carbonate in pyridine gave only small amounts of alpha-pyridylferrocene, whereas reaction of a mixture of ferrocenyl lithium …
This study examines the high-temperature fluorination of compact copper in fluorine at atmospheric pressure, focusing on film growth, phase formation, and reaction mechanism over 300 to 600°C. Copper plates were fluorinated in a dynamic nickel reactor, with film growth measured gravimetrically and f…
This paper examines the infrared spectra of blue organometallic complexes formed by the interaction of titanocene dichloride with triethylaluminum or diethylaluminum chloride, systems relevant to soluble low pressure ethylene polymerization catalysts. The authors prepared the complexes under argon i…
The study examines how methyl substitution in the aromatic ring affects the catalytic dehydrogenation kinetics of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons. The authors measured the dehydrogenation of m-isopropyltoluene, symmetrical isopropylxylene, and symmetrical ethylxylene in a steam diluted flow system over t…
This study examines how water vapor affects molecular ionic forms of anthracene adsorbed on aluminosilicate and related adsorbents, using diffuse reflection absorption spectra. Anthracene adsorbates on aluminosilicates were exposed in vacuum to controlled water vapor pressures, including capillary c…
This study examines the mechanism of radiation induced oxidation and reduction in the methylene blue, leuco base system in organic solvents by combining low temperature spectrophotometry with electron paramagnetic resonance detection of radiolysis radicals. Frozen methanolic, acetone, and nitrometha…
This paper reports measurements of the saturated vapor pressure of niobium dioxide using a differential Knudsen effusion method with a molybdenum effusion chamber and radiolabeled material. Vapor pressures were determined at high temperatures, after calibration with silver, and fitted by the relatio…
This paper reports the synthesis of silicon-containing aminoketones, amino alcohols, and phenoxyacetate esters based on p-trimethylsilylmethylphenyl ketones, compounds of interest for possible physiological activity. Trimethylbenzylsilane was acylated to give several p-siliconeopentyl ketones, two o…
Low-temperature heat capacities and thermodynamic functions were determined for endo- and exo-2-cyano-bicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane, stereoisomeric plastic-crystal-forming compounds differing in the orientation of the cyano group. Using vacuum adiabatic calorimetry from about 12 K to above the melting poi…
This study examines how the alkali cation in alkaline electrolyte affects proton diffusion in nickel oxide films, a process relevant to the kinetics of nickel oxide electrodes in alkaline storage batteries. Using anodized nickel foil with a thin oxide film, the authors measured changes in anodic cur…
The study examines the mechanism and direction of bond cleavage in the hydrolysis of vinyl ethyl, vinyl isopropyl, vinyl n-butyl, and alpha-chloroethyl ethers. Using water enriched with oxygen-18 and isotopic analysis of the alcohol products, the authors compare reactions under sulfuric acid catalys…
This paper examines quasiradical block copolymerization of conjugated aromatic polymers, focusing on the interaction of polyphenylene and polyazophenylene with p-diethynylbenzene under inert atmosphere at elevated temperature. Elemental analysis, infrared spectra, thermal stability measurements, EPR…
This paper examines how the multiple V=O bond in vanadyl ions responds to changes in solvent isotopic composition, using nuclear magnetic relaxation of solvent protons as an indicator of bond state. Proton relaxation times were measured for freshly prepared vanadyl sulfate solutions in ordinary wate…
This paper examines the slow step in radiolytic oxidation by hydrogen atoms under the Weiss mechanism, focusing on whether oxidation kinetics are governed by competition between hydrogen ions and another hydrogen atom acceptor. Experiments on deoxygenated sulfuric acid solutions containing FeII with…
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of previously undescribed tin and lead hydrocarbons containing 1,3-enyne radicals. The authors show that trialkyltin sodium and trialkyllead sodium react with alkenyl bromoacetylenes in liquid ammonia to give the corresponding enyne organotin a…
This study examines how acidity affects exchange interactions between electron spins in aqueous vanadyl salt solutions, using electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of vanadyl chloride at different concentrations and acidities. Acid additions have little effect in dilute solutions, but in concentra…
This study examines complex formation of thorium with several organic acids, including malic, trihydroxyglutaric, tartaric, alpha-hydroxyisobutyric, mandelic, acetic, thiosalicylic, and p-aminosalicylic acids, using ion exchange, infrared spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Ion-exch…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of a previously undescribed divalent platinum compound with methionine, formed by reacting potassium chloroplatinite with equimolar methionine. Unlike ordinary alpha amino acids, methionine reacts rapidly with Pt(II), indicating facile coordinati…
This paper examines how surface microrelief affects the propagation of liquid mercury over oxide-free zinc, distinguishing viscous spreading of a liquid phase layer from surface diffusion of adsorbed atoms. Experiments comparing smooth and nitric-acid-etched rough zinc surfaces show that smooth surf…
This paper investigates how galena particle size affects the fixation of potassium butyl xanthate, a flotation collector, on mineral surfaces. Using contact autoradiography with sulfur-35 labeled xanthate, microphotometry of particle imprints, and radiometric measurements of size fractions, the auth…
The paper examines extraction equilibria in the quaternary system uranyl nitrate, water, nitric acid, and tributyl phosphate at 22 ± 1 °C in the region of phase separation. Using phase equilibration, potentiometric analysis, and physicochemical diagramming in a tetrahedral composition space, the aut…
Potassium and rubidium octafluororhenates were examined by X-ray powder diffraction, oscillation radiography, and reciprocal lattice radiography to characterize their crystallographic properties and compare the two salts. The study found orthorhombic unit cells for potassium octafluororhenate with p…
This paper proposes stepwise development chromatography as an isothermal gas chromatographic method suited to automatic control and impurity analysis, where stable detector signals and preservation of initial sample concentrations are required. The authors derive conditions for maintaining and separ…
This study examines whether rapid low temperature reactivity previously observed for chlorine addition to olefins extends to other industrially relevant addition and exchange substitution reactions. Using purified reagents in a high vacuum apparatus and differential thermographic recording during co…
