Recent Papers

Cathode-Ray Oscillograph

E. Albergi. Cathode Oscillograph.

A. F. Ioffe, _Electronic Semiconductors_ (from the series “Problems of Modern Physics”), GTTI, 1933.

Book review: A. F. Ioffe. Electronic Semiconductors (from the series “Problems of Modern Physics”).

TELEVISION*

ARTHUR HAAS, _Introduction to Theoretical Physics_, vol. I, GTTI, 1933, translated from the German by L. Tumm ? erman.

Arthur Haas. Introduction to Theoretical Physics, Vol. I

Nuclear Photoeffect\* (Disintegration of the Deuteron by $\gamma$-Rays)

NEW DATA ON THE POSITRON

Experimental Data on the Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules*

This report will discuss experimental data from the spectroscopy of polyatomic molecules, but this by no means implies that research in this field can be considered in any sense complete. The study of the spectra of polyatomic molecules, in contrast to the study of the spectra of diatomic molecules,…

A New System for Measuring Currents Using a Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope. Investigation of Heated Cathodes Using an Electron Microscope. Investigations of the Ultrasonic Field of Vibrating Piezoquartz

Contemporary Development of Architectural Acoustics*

Selective Photoelectric Effect

Recent Works on Acoustics and Electroacoustics

F. Trendelenburg. Recent Works on Acoustics and Electroacoustics.

A. SOKOLIK, *Combustion and Detonation in Gases*, GTTI, Moscow–Leningrad, 1934.

A. Sokolik. Combustion and Detonation in Gases.

SEPARATION OF NONRADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES

Surface Phenomena

D. Talmud and S. Bresler. Surface Phenomena.

NEUTRON\*

The Bakerian Lecture, delivered on May 23, 1933.

X-Ray Technique for Testing Materials. A collection of articles edited by D. Eggert and E. Schiebold. Translated from the German under the editorship of A. N. Zilberman, pp. 206. P

A Collection of Examples and Problems in Physical Chemistry

S. Pletnev and S. Sklyarenko. Collection of Examples and Problems in Physical Chemistry.

Electronic Tubes and Their Applications

G. Möller. Electron Tubes and Their Applications.

Molecular Theory of the Chemical Bond

A. G. MITCHELL and M. W. ZEMANSKY, Resonance Radiation and Excited Atoms. Cambridge University Press (The Cambridge Series of Physical Chemistry, Edited by E. K. Rideal), 1934, pp.

A.G. Mitchell and M.W.Zemansky. Resonance Radiation and Excited Atoms.

RECENT RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF THE EXTERNAL PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT

The proposed article is an abridged translation of Linford’s review. This review is divided mainly into two parts, the first of which is devoted to general theories of the external photoelectric effect, while the second describes phenomena of a more specialized nature, the interpretation of which li…

M. LAPORTE, Elementary Processes in Electrical Discharge in Gases**.

Physics Course

Prof. O. D. Khvolson. Course of Physics.

The price of the book, taking into account its rather careless production, cannot but be considered high.

Prof. A. K. Timiryazev. The Kinetic Theory of Matter (lectures delivered at the First Moscow State University in 1917–1918).

Outline of the Development of the Theory of the Structure of the Atomic Nucleus*

Phenomena of Vibrational Energy Exchange in Molecular Collisions

On the Method for Obtaining Cinnamic Acid

This study examines modifications of the Perkin reaction for preparing cinnamic acid, with the aim of shortening heating time and improving yield. Experiments varied the acetate or potash reagent, molar ratios of benzaldehyde, acetic anhydride, and base, reaction temperature, and heating duration, f…

On the Mechanism of the Perkin Reaction

This paper reviews competing explanations of the Perkin reaction, especially the formation of cinnamic acid from benzaldehyde, acetic anhydride, and acetate salts. It compares earlier experimental interpretations that assign the key condensation either to the aldehyde and anhydride, the aldehyde and…

Comparison of the Activity of Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids under Various Conditions

This paper compares the reactivity, interpreted as hydrogen activity or acidity, of several saturated monocarboxylic acids and selected alcohols by measuring the electromotive force of their reaction with sodium in pure form and in benzene, ether, and pyridine mixtures. The experiments show that low…

Determination of the Activity of Hydrogen in Organic Compounds by the Electromotive Force of the Reaction with Sodium

This study proposes an electromotive force method for comparing the activity or mobility of hydrogen in organic compounds during reaction with metallic sodium. The authors measured maximum initial EMF values for 52 compounds, chiefly alcohols in benzene solution and, where necessary, without solvent…

Activity of Halogens in Some Derivatives of Benzene Hydrocarbons with a Halogen in the Side Chain

This study compares the reactivity of side chain halogens in several benzene derivatives, including benzyl chloride, benzal chloride, benzotrichloride, benzyl bromide, and halogenated benzyl cyanides. Equimolar reactions were followed in pyridine, in benzene solution, and with sodium methylate in me…

On the Action of Tertiary Amines on Halogen-Substituted Esters

The study examines the reactions of a series of alpha halo-substituted esters of monobasic and dibasic acids with the tertiary amines pyridine and quinoline, with the aim of clarifying the course of addition to nitrogen. Equimolecular mixtures were reacted at room temperature or under moderate heati…

Activity of Halogens in Halogen-Substituted Ketones

The study examines the mobility of chlorine and bromine in a series of halogen-substituted ketones, with halogenated acetic esters used for comparison. The authors prepared and characterized several brominated ketones, including products from diisobutyl ketone, methylacetylacetone, and acetylacetone…

On the question of the origin of optically active compounds in nature

This paper examines why natural organic compounds with asymmetric molecular structures are usually optically active, whereas ordinary laboratory syntheses typically yield racemic mixtures. It reviews known methods for resolving racemates and prior explanations for natural optical activity, including…

Organic Chemistry in Socialist Construction

This article examines the development of organic chemistry and the organic chemical industry in relation to Soviet socialist construction. It contrasts earlier extractive and capitalist patterns of production with the planned Soviet aim of converting diverse carbonaceous raw materials, including coa…

Works of the Department of Organic Chemistry of SKhTI: Introductory Article

This introductory article situates the work of the SKhTI Department of Organic Chemistry within Soviet priorities for developing synthetic and process-oriented chemical industries from domestic raw materials. It outlines the department’s research program on reaction mechanisms, bond strengths, catal…

Deformation of Helical Cylindrical Springs of the Simplest Type

This article develops calculation formulas for the deformation of simple cylindrical helical springs with circular wire cross sections, addressing discrepancies between existing theory and experimental measurements. Using elementary strength of materials and energy methods, it accounts for axial for…

On the Issue of Constructing Moldboards for American Plows

This paper examines the geometric construction of American type plow moldboards, whose rectilinear generators differ from European designs by inclining both toward the furrow bottom and the furrow wall. It derives relations among the share position, cutting angle, plane and tangent of the orthogonal…

On the Influence of Corona Discharge at Insulator Electrodes on the Safety Margin with Respect to Atmospheric Overvoltage Waves

This paper investigates whether preliminary corona discharge at insulator electrodes affects the impulse flashover strength relevant to atmospheric overvoltage waves. Using high-voltage impulse circuits, the author measures impulse discharge voltages for point electrodes, pin insulators, suspension-…

Measurement of Cos ? by the single-ammeter method

This article proposes a simplified method for estimating the phase angle and power factor in three-phase circuits using only a single ammeter and a temporarily connected auxiliary resistance. It derives the vector relations for three current readings, under normal operation and with the same resista…

On the Question of Measurements by Wattmeters Connected According to the Aron Circuit

This article examines the use of two wattmeters connected in Aron’s circuit for measurements in a three-wire three-phase system, where the usual algebraic sum gives total power but not the distribution among phases. Assuming symmetrical network voltages, it derives complex-vector relations showing h…

The Use of Fuel Oil from the Semi-Coking Tar of Sapropelites from the III Barzas Deposit in Diesel Engines: Parts III and IV

This study examines the feasibility of using fuel oil derived from semi-coking tar of Barzas III sapropelites in Diesel engines, with particular attention to a Deutz-type compressorless prechamber engine and comparison with petroleum motor fuel. Through controlled engine tests, indicator diagrams, f…

Effect of Magnesium Sulfate on the Strength of Magnesia Cement

This study examines whether magnesium sulfate in natural magnesium chloride brines from the Kulunda lakes adversely affects the strength of magnesia, or Sorel, cement. Using caustic magnesite and chemically pure magnesium chloride and sulfate, the authors prepared neat cement and 1:3 sand mixtures w…

Isothermal Evaporation of Water from the Brines of Lakes Ebeity and Kulundinskoye

This study examines changes in the salt composition of natural brines from Lakes Ebeity and Kulundinskoye during isothermal evaporation at 25 degrees C. Using chemical analyses, laboratory evaporation experiments, and comparison with equilibrium diagrams for the reciprocal system involving sodium ch…

Isothermal Evaporation of Water from the Brine of Lake Bolshoye Yarovoye

This study examines the change in salt composition of natural brine from Lake Bolshoye Yarovoye during isothermal evaporation at 25°C, with the practical aim of assessing mineral raw materials in the Kulunda steppe. Parallel evaporation experiments were conducted in a thermostated crystallizer, with…

On the Production of Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride from Siberian Clays

This study examines the feasibility of producing anhydrous aluminum chloride from West Siberian clays, motivated by the need for local raw materials for developing chemical industries. The authors analyze clays from the Nekrasovskoye and Moyskoye deposits, identify Nekrasov clay as the more suitable…

From the Editorial Board

This editorial note introduces a collection of scientific research papers devoted to problems of practical importance for the emerging West Siberian chemical industry. It emphasizes the insufficient study of regional mineral resources, including clays and salt lakes, and points to investigations of …

Copper-Oxide Rectifiers and Photocells\*

Conference on New Light Sources

From November 25 to 27, 1933, a meeting of a number of laboratories working in the field of the physics and technology of new light sources was held at the All-Union Electrotechnical Institute in Moscow.

Periodic Changes in the Force of Gravity