SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This paper reports improved methods for preparing potassium hexafluoroplatinate using chlorine trifluoride as a fluorinating agent. The authors examine fluorination of platinum with potassium bifluoride and, more effectively, the conversion of potassium hexachloroplatinate by gaseous chlorine triflu…
The study investigates the heterogeneous isotopic exchange of acetone with water vapor in the gas phase, using tritium-labeled water to measure a reaction much slower than the previously studied exchange with hydrogen bromide. Kinetic experiments in quartz vessels, including variations in reactant p…
This study examines the kinetics and stereochemistry of hydrogen bromide addition to dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in organic acid solvents, including propionic acid, acetic acid, and an equimolar mixture of monochloroacetic and trichloroacetic acids. Kinetic measurements over varied temperatures …
This study examines the kinetics of conversion of several monocyclic sulfides and 2-ethylthiophene over an aluminosilicate catalyst, motivated by the role of organosulfur compounds in catalytic cracking of sulfur-rich petroleum. Flow reactor experiments at atmospheric pressure and elevated temperatu…
This paper reports adsorption measurements for vapors of polar and nonpolar compounds on two synthetic crystalline molecular sieves prepared at the Grozny Petroleum Research Institute. Using adsorption and desorption isotherms for water, methanol, normal hexane, isooctane, and benzene, the study com…
This paper examines the mechanism by which ethylene is formed during the thermal cracking of isobutylene, a system complicated by concurrent polymerization and secondary decomposition reactions. To test whether ethylene is a primary product or arises mainly from propylene, the authors cracked isobut…
This paper addresses the anomalously short osmium to trans chlorine distance reported for the octahedral complex ion [OsNCl5]2-, in contrast to the normal trans water distance in a related nitrido osmium complex. Using group theoretical analysis under C4v symmetry, the authors assign osmium and liga…
This paper develops a graphical method for analyzing the kinetics of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic reactions carried out in flow at constant pressure. By transforming the flow reaction equations, the authors show that reaction rates can be obtained directly from experimental conversion ver…
This paper examines halogenated derivatives of ethylvinylphosphinic acid, with emphasis on the preparation of ethyl beta-chlorovinylphosphinic acid chloride and its esters. The authors compare bromination and chlorination behavior, finding that the dibromo intermediate readily eliminates hydrogen br…
This study examines how sulfate and halide anions affect the anodic dissolution of 0.1 M indium amalgam in indium perchlorate and perchloric acid solutions. Using radiochemical measurements combined with polarization methods at constant ionic strength, the authors isolated the true anodic current ne…
This study examines how sorbent pore structure and surface affinity influence selective adsorption from binary vapor mixtures, including dichloroethane with ethanol, benzene with ethanol, chloroform with dioxane, and ethanol with methanol. Using equilibrium adsorption measurements on mesoporous and …
This paper applies high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine configurations and preferred conformations of 2-methyl-1-oxycyclohexylethylene oxides and several 1-oxydecalylethylene oxides. The analysis focuses on the proton spin systems of the ethylene oxide ring, distingui…
This paper addresses the previously undetermined atomic refraction of trivalent and pentavalent antimony in organoantimony compounds. Using newly synthesized liquid stereoisomers of propenyl antimony compounds, the authors calculated molecular refractions by the Lorentz-Lorenz formula and derived at…
The study investigates the equilibrium reduction of lead tungstate by hydrogen in order to derive thermodynamic characteristics of lead tungstate. Lead tungstate samples were prepared, reduced in a controlled circulation apparatus, and analyzed by weight change, hydrogen consumption, and X-ray phase…
This study examines the synthesis and reactions of trialkylsilylethynylvinyl butyl ethers derived from ethynylvinyl butyl ether through its magnesium bromide derivative in ether and subsequent reaction with trimethylsilyl or triethylsilyl chloride. The reactions proceed under mild conditions and giv…
This paper reports calorimetric measurements of the heats of formation of copper, zinc, and calcium ferrites, motivated by the need for thermodynamic data relevant to ferrite synthesis. The authors determined these values from differences in the heats of dissolution of ferrites and corresponding oxi…
This paper develops a theory for the influence of insoluble monolayers and thin foreign films on the evaporation of liquid drops, separating effects that earlier treatments combined in a single condensation coefficient. By solving diffusion and boundary flux problems for spherical drops, the authors…
This study examines how deposition temperature, crystal size, and sintering affect the specific catalytic activity of iron films in the isotopic exchange reaction between molecular hydrogen and deuterium. Iron films were prepared by vacuum condensation at different temperatures, characterized by ads…
This paper examines how preparation conditions affect the structure and catalytic stability of chromium oxide on silica gel during dehydrocyclization of n-heptane. Chromium silica gel catalysts treated with alcohol were heated in air or hydrogen and compared by catalytic tests, X-ray diffraction, an…
This paper reports the catalytic oligomerization of isoprene using a complex catalyst prepared from triisobutylaluminum and titanium tetrachloride under conditions that favor low oligomers rather than polymer formation. Distillation and fractionation of the reaction products gave dimeric, trimeric, …
The paper reexamines the reaction of azodicarboxylic ester with gem-dialkylbutadienes, previously interpreted as a Diels type formation of tetrahydropyridazine derivatives. By studying hydrogenation, alkaline hydrolysis, formation of nitrobenzylidene derivatives, and oxidation of the resulting hydra…
This paper examines critical phenomena in slow chain reactions with degenerate branching under the action of radical inhibitors, focusing on the predicted transition between stationary inhibited oxidation and autocatalytic reaction. A kinetic scheme is formulated for hydrocarbon oxidation in the pre…
This study examines the poorly characterized oxidation behavior of neodymium and the structures of oxides formed from thin neodymium films. Using fast electron diffraction, the authors analyzed films oxidized in air at room temperature and after heating to 500, 700, and 900 degrees Celsius, as well …
This study examines hydrogen evolution on p-type and n-type germanium electrodes under cathodic polarization in alkaline and acidic solutions, with particular attention to surface state and illumination effects. Using overvoltage measurements, transient polarization curves, and discontinuous illumin…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of previously undescribed cyclopentadienyl boron compounds, chiefly tricyclopentadienylboron and cyclopentadienylboron difluoride, prepared by reacting cyclopentadienylmagnesium bromide with boron trifluoride etherate in ether under nitrogen. The…
This paper reports a method for preparing conjugated methylpentadienes from oxidation products of propylene dimer, a byproduct of industrial propylene polymerization. Propylene dimer oxidate was fractionated into hexene oxides, hexenols, and higher boiling oxygenated products, and the oxide and hexe…
This paper addresses how to determine the dependence of gas diffusion coefficients on loading in real porous sorbent grains of arbitrary shape, avoiding uncertainties introduced by pressing powders or reshaping grains into regular geometries. Assuming a narrow concentration interval in which the dif…
This paper investigates the solubility of boric acid in saturated water vapor, motivated by its use in regulating reactivity in boiling systems and by applications in power and geothermal installations. Experiments were performed by evaporating small portions of boric acid solutions over pressures f…
This study examines the mobility and removal of metalloid modifying additives in silver catalysts, focusing on chlorine, iodine, and sulfate species labeled with radioactive isotopes. Additives were introduced into pressed silver tablets, heated in different gaseous media, and monitored radiometrica…
This paper investigates the fungicidal activity of thiosulfonic acid esters, a class of compounds previously noted for broad antimicrobial effects and potential agricultural use. A series of alkyl, trichloromethyl, and aryl esters of alkane- and arenethiosulfonic acids were tested in vitro against f…
This paper examines the structures and preparation of derivatives of ethyl alpha-chlorovinylphosphinic and ethyl beta-chlorovinylphosphinic acids. Ozonolysis of propyl and isobutyl esters of ethylchlorovinylphosphinic acid, followed by identification of formaldehyde through its dimedone condensation…
This paper discusses graphical and physical model representations for five-component chemical systems, where ordinary plane diagrams become inadequate for conveying relations between composition and properties. It compares projections of the four-dimensional figures used for simple systems, reciproc…
This study examines solvent effects in the Menschutkin reaction of pyridine with ethyl iodide, using pressure dependence of reaction rates together with density, compressibility, pycnometric, and conductivity measurements. Experiments in nitrobenzene and cyclohexanone at 50 degrees C and pressures u…
This paper investigates the preparation of previously unknown nitrile derivatives of benzylpenicillin and phenoxymethylpenicillin as part of a study of how replacing the free carboxyl group affects penicillin properties. The authors prepared the nitriles by dehydrating the corresponding penicillin a…
This paper examines the occurrence and stability of a sigma phase in the rhenium and vanadium alloy system, where earlier work had reported no intermediate phases. Using phase diagram construction, high temperature annealing, microstructural observation, microhardness testing, and X-ray diffraction …
This study addresses the limited quantitative data on the stability of divalent platinum complex ions, especially the overall instability constants of chloro, bromo, iodo, and cyanoplatinites. The authors determined free platinum ion concentrations by measuring the electromotive force of cells with …
This paper examines how accumulation of nitro groups influences the polarity and chemical behavior of aliphatic halopolynitro compounds. Dipole moments of eight compounds were measured in benzene at 25 degrees by the heterodyne method, with electronic and atomic polarization corrections used to esti…
This study examines how OH...O=C hydrogen bonding appears in the infrared stretching band of ketone carbonyl groups and how the effect depends on the donor and acceptor molecules. Infrared spectra were measured for mixtures and carbon tetrachloride solutions of selected ketones with alcohols, phenol…
This study examines the mechanism of copper oxidation by liquid sulfur, focusing on whether sulfide scale growth is controlled solely by copper diffusion or also involves sulfur counter-diffusion. Copper specimens were oxidized at 270 to 444 degrees C using radioactive sulfur-35 introduced either af…
This study examines the adsorption and chemisorption of isopentane on a potassium-promoted alumina-chromia catalyst used for paraffin dehydrogenation. Using capillary adsorption measurements over 20 to 325 °C, the authors characterize the catalyst texture, distinguish reversible physical adsorption …
This paper examines whether micelle formation in solutions of surface-active substances occurs at a single critical concentration or across a finite critical concentration region. Using nephelometry, dye titration, and static and dynamic surface-tension measurements for anionic, cationic, and nonion…
This study examines the individual hydrocarbon composition of cracking gasolines obtained from Surakhany selected crude oil, focusing on fractions boiling below 60 degrees C and aromatic hydrocarbons in the 60 to 175 degrees C range. Narrow fractions were analyzed using gas liquid chromatography and…
This study examines how alkali metals and ether solvents affect the formation and stability of aromatic anion radicals that can initiate polymerization. Using electron paramagnetic resonance, the authors investigated benzene and toluene reactions with lithium, sodium, and potassium in several solven…
This study examines the hydrothermal formation of alpha dicalcium silicate hydrate from calcium oxide and crystalline silica mixtures at 170 to 175 degrees C and 8 atm, a phase relevant to autoclaved lime-sand materials and cements. Using differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, chemical an…
This study examines the sulfuric acid catalyzed dehydration of dimethylcyclopentylcarbinol to determine how a five membered ring affects product formation. Dehydration with 0.1 percent concentrated sulfuric acid, followed by high efficiency rectification and Raman spectral analysis, gave three unsat…
This study examines reduction reactions at germanium cathodes to determine whether cathodic charge transfer involves free conduction electrons, valence electrons, or both. Using n-type germanium electrodes with a p-n junction collector, the work measures hole injection coefficients during reduction …
This note analyzes how longitudinal mixing in the phases of an exchange column affects isotope separation and the height equivalent to a theoretical plate. Starting from the standard stationary column equation and isotope exchange relations, it derives an expression in which the HETP is the sum of a…
The paper examines the temperature dependence of the surface tension of gallium, addressing discrepancies among earlier reported values and the possible role of impurities. Surface tension was measured in vacuum from 30 to 500°C by the maximum pressure in a drop method using purified, degassed galli…
This study examines the cathodic processes governing electrodeposition of titanium from aqueous alkaline and acid fluoride electrolytes, with attention to titanium valence state, hydrogen evolution, cathode material, and current efficiency. Experiments using metatitanate alkaline solutions and acid …
This study examines how vulcanization affects the adhesion of several elastomer coatings to nonvulcanizing polymer substrates, using butadiene-acrylonitrile, butadiene-styrene, oil-extended butadiene-styrene, and butyl rubbers bonded to cellulose and polycaprolactam films. Adhesion was measured afte…
