SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines the behavior of arylmercury groups in the nitrosophenol, quinone oxime tautomeric system. A series of arylmercury derivatives of nitrosophenols, nitrosonaphthols, and related oximes was prepared by reaction of arylmercury hydroxides with nitrosophenols, and their structures were …
This paper examines methylchlorosilane as a starting material for nonmetal-organic syntheses of organosilicon monomers containing alkyl, aryl, vinyl, and fluorinated substituents. The authors compare thermal condensation with chlorobenzene and vinyl chloride to platinum-catalyzed addition of methylc…
The paper addresses the problem of comparing basicity constants across different solvents, focusing on acetone as a nonstandard solvent and on the role of activity coefficients in reducing basicities to a common aqueous standard state. It develops an electrical conductivity method for determining ba…
This study examines how water vapor affects oxygen adsorption and oxide film stability on germanium surfaces, a problem relevant to changes in semiconductor device properties under atmospheric exposure. Using oxygen uptake kinetics and contact potential difference measurements, the authors compare c…
This paper examines the liquid phase alkylation of benzene with propylene over an industrial aluminosilicate catalyst at low temperatures, in contrast to the higher temperatures and pressures usually reported for aluminosilicate catalysis. Experiments in a fixed catalyst bed at 20, 50, and 70 to 80 …
This paper reports experiments on the blackening of aged X-ray film placed near freshly prepared aluminum deposits and aerosols during exposure to air. Aluminum coatings were produced by vacuum evaporation, oxidized under controlled conditions, and tested with films, barriers, air gaps, tubes of dif…
This study examines the catalytic dehydrocyclization of beta-n-butylnaphthalene over an alumina, chromia catalyst as a route to condensed aromatic hydrocarbons. Experiments were conducted in a flow apparatus under hydrogen at 400 to 550 degrees Celsius with varying hydrocarbon space velocities, foll…
This paper examines the unresolved structure and tautomeric behavior of bindone and several substituted derivatives, including bromo, nitro, methyl, oxime, isobindone, and potassium salt forms. The authors compare infrared and ultraviolet spectra and polarographic data with those of indandione-1,3 a…
The study examines the kinetics of vapor-phase hydration of ethylene to ethanol over phosphoric acid supported on silica gel under pressures and temperatures close to industrial practice. Using flow experiments with varied ethylene pressure, water pressure, contact time, catalyst grain size, and aci…
This study examines how adsorption of chloride, bromide, and iodide ions affects hydrogen ion discharge on palladized palladium electrodes and the ionization of hydrogen dissolved in palladium. Using anodic charging curves and polarization measurements in acidic and alkaline electrolytes, it compare…
This study compares the catalytic hydrogenation of sodium propiolate in aqueous alkaline solution over Raney nickel, platinum, and palladium catalysts at several temperatures and concentrations. Kinetic measurements, catalyst potential tracking, and polarographic analysis are used to distinguish hyd…
This paper examines the state of carbon in liquid cast iron, addressing whether carbon is present only in solution or also as larger carbon-rich formations. The authors centrifuged molten cast iron in corundum crucibles, rapidly quenched the samples, and chemically analyzed carbon contents at the en…
The study investigates the equilibrium reduction of barium molybdate by hydrogen at 1200 to 1400°C as part of a broader thermodynamic analysis of molybdates. Using a circulation method and X-ray diffraction, the authors show that BaMoO4 is reduced in two stages, first forming perovskite-type BaMoO3 …
This study addresses the rapid separation of francium from its alkali-metal analogs cesium and rubidium, a problem complicated by the short half-lives of the longest-lived francium isotopes. The authors measured distribution coefficients for trace francium, cesium, and rubidium between KU-1 cation-e…
The thermodynamic properties of liquid indium bismuth alloys were investigated between 240 and 300°C using an electromotive force method with a molten chloride electrolyte and an indium ion concentration cell. Indium activities were calculated from measured emf values, bismuth activities were obtain…
This paper investigates the pathways by which carbon dioxide is formed during the catalytic oxidation of propylene to acrolein on copper contacts supported on carborundum. Using flow experiments under conditions intended to avoid diffusion limitations, the authors compared propylene and acrolein oxi…
The study examines the basic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters of glycine, glycylglycine, and diglycylglycine, together with their N-carbobenzoxy derivatives, as models for activated amino acid and peptide esters in aqueous media. Hydrolysis was followed spectrophotometrically at 405 nm in a 1:1 al…
This paper examines the mechanism of chain branching during oxidation of n-decane, focusing on whether hydroperoxide decomposition proceeds only by monomolecular cleavage or also through bimolecular reaction with hydrocarbon molecules. Using the inhibitor method with alpha-naphthol, the authors meas…
A synthetic route to phytol precursors and related isoprenoid compounds is described using alkylated dihydroresorcinol derivatives as starting materials. The method involves hydrolytic cleavage of 2-prenyl- and 2-geranyldihydroresorcinols to keto acids, reaction with excess methyllithium, dehydratio…
This study describes the preparation of titanyl oxalate complex salts of divalent metals and examines their behavior during heating. Procedures were developed for obtaining barium, strontium, lead, and calcium titanyl oxalates, with calcium prepared in acetone rather than aqueous solution, and the p…
This study examines the formation and properties of zirconium niobate and zirconium tantalate, compounds for which prior evidence was limited or absent. Mixtures of zirconium hydroxide with niobium or tantalum hydroxides were sintered at high temperature and characterized by X-ray diffraction, chemi…
This study examines how X-ray radiolysis affects the potential of a nickel electrode in 0.68 N sodium hydroxide under different gas-phase conditions, including vacuum, neon, hydrogen, and hydrogen-neon mixtures. Using a reduced nickel electrode and a mercury oxide reference electrode, the authors me…
A method is described for synthesizing tertiary monovinylphosphines and their oxides, compounds that had previously been little studied. The approach uses esters of secondary phosphinous acids, or in some cases vinylphosphinous acid esters, reacting with organomagnesium reagents to replace alkoxy gr…
This paper investigates the heterofunctional condensation of bis(trimethylsiloxy)dichlorotitane with phenylmethyldiethoxysilane, and compares it with analogous reactions involving alkoxysilanes. Instead of the expected liberation of alkyl chloride and formation of simple linear polytitanorganosiloxa…
The study investigates the previously unreported reaction of lactams with diacetylene, using pyrrolidone as the principal example, and compares its behavior with known reactions of lactams with acetylene. The authors show that pyrrolidone adds to diacetylene under mild conditions in the presence of …
This article revisits the principle of structural correspondence in catalysis within Balandin’s multiplet theory, focusing on metal catalysts for cyclohexane dehydrogenation and benzene hydrogenation. Using updated interatomic distance data, it compiles a revised table of simple metal lattice types …
The study examines the hydrolysis kinetics of pyridine sulfotrioxide in water, motivated by proposed similarities between coordination compounds of sulfur trioxide and boron fluoride with tertiary amines. Pyridine sulfotrioxide was synthesized, characterized despite partial hydrolysis to pyridine hy…
This paper extends a previously proposed flow reactor method for determining reaction rates without assuming a kinetic equation to complex chemical reactions, especially heterogeneous catalytic processes. It analyzes how reaction rates may depend on feed rate through changes in partial pressures, th…
This paper analyzes the kinetics of distillation in a supercooled system containing droplets, crystals, and vapor, where vapor transfer causes droplets to evaporate and crystals to grow. The authors formulate a diffusion-based Cauchy problem for particle radii and vapor density, derive conservation …
This paper examines substitution reactions of chloro- and bromoferrocene, which had shown limited reactivity toward conventional alkali-metal nucleophiles, using copper salts as reagents for replacing halogen atoms in the ferrocene nucleus. The authors show that copper acetate converts haloferrocene…
This paper analyzes spontaneous current and potential oscillations observed during electroreduction of persulfate anions on a mercury drop electrode, focusing on the role of tangential electrocapillary motion of the mercury surface. The authors formulate a two-variable dynamical model using the doub…
A method is described for determining silicon in organosilicon compounds by reductive decomposition with metallic potassium in a sealed steel microbomb at 850 to 900°C. After dissolution of the melt in water, silicon is converted to soluble silicate and measured by colorimetric, amperometric, or vol…
This study examines the mass spectra of four silicon-containing vinylacetylenes to compare their dissociative ionization with that of analogous enyne hydrocarbons. Using electron-impact mass spectrometry, the authors analyze fragmentation patterns of trimethylsilyl and triethylsilyl alkenynes and id…
This paper develops a quantitative theory of charge discreteness in the electric double layer at a metal, electrolyte solution interface, motivated by limitations of models that treat specifically adsorbed ionic charge as uniformly distributed. Using boundary value formulations and Green function me…
This paper reports experimental thermodynamic data for binary and related chlorosilane derivative solutions relevant to organosilicon polymer synthesis. Saturated vapor pressures and vapor densities were measured for systems including methylhydrodichlorosilane, trichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane…
The study examines the role of diethyl ether in the formation of butylmagnesium bromide from butyl bromide and magnesium, using thermographic measurements to derive kinetic curves in anhydrous ether and ether, n-hexane mixtures. The experiments show that the induction period can be removed without c…
This paper reports the synthesis and polymerization of vinylcyclohexane as a route to crystalline polyvinylcyclohexane, a polymer for which prior data on vinylcyclohexane polymerization were lacking. Vinylcyclohexane was prepared from cyclohexylethyl alcohol, obtained either through a Grignard react…
This study examines the low-temperature oxidation kinetics of titanium, zirconium, molybdenum, and two titanium alloys in oxygen over 50 to 400 degrees C, using an optical polarization method to measure growth of thin invisible oxide films. The experiments show that initial oxidation begins at diffe…
This study examines the radiolytic reduction of tetravalent cerium in sulfuric acid solutions containing monovalent thallium under very high electron pulse dose rates, up to about 10^23 eV/ml sec. Using spectrophotometric determinations of Ce(III) and indirect measurements of Tl(III), the authors co…
This paper reports dynamic compressibility measurements for cast TNT, crystalline RDX, and nitromethane under shock loading conditions chosen to avoid or delay detonation. Using a reflection method with copper plates, electrical contact gauges, and oscillographic timing, the authors determined shock…
This study investigates the synthesis of polyorganostannoxanes containing Sn,O,Sn linkages in the main chain, motivated by the use of organotin compounds and tin-containing polymers as stabilizers for chlorine-containing polymers. The authors applied polycondensation of di-n-butyl- and diisobutyltin…
This paper examines the temperature dependence of the surface tension of molten germanium, a property relevant to semiconductor alloying, zone melting, single-crystal production, and wetting phenomena. The authors measured surface tension from 980 to 1400°C using the maximum-pressure gas-bubble meth…
This study examines the kinetics of radiolysis products formed from n-heptane at 300 K over a broad absorbed-dose range, focusing on deviations from linear product yields and the composition of gaseous and liquid unsaturated products. The authors combine gas-liquid chromatography, including a sequen…
This study examines electrochemical factors in stress corrosion cracking, focusing on how anodic dissolution is facilitated at the tip of a growing crack. Using an MA2-1 magnesium alloy in chromate chloride solution, the authors combined automatic potential recording, pulsed anodic polarization with…
This study examines the formation of potassium ozonide during ozonation of potassium hydroxide over a wide temperature range using a fluidized bed to improve gas solid contact and heat transfer. Calcined and hydrated caustic potash were ozonated from approximately minus 65 to plus 60 degrees Celsius…
This paper investigates the synthesis of 4-substituted thiosemicarbazides, especially 4,4-di-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-thiosemicarbazide, and their conversion into heterocyclic azoles of potential biological interest. A simplified one-pot procedure using amines, carbon disulfide, sodium chloroacetate, and…
This paper reports experimental observations of spontaneous current and potential oscillations during reduction of the persulfate anion at mercury electrodes, a system with a falling polarization characteristic but without electrode dissolution or solid phase formation. Using dropping and stationary…
The study examines tautomerism and structure in cyclic 2-nitro-1,3-diketones, focusing on 2-nitrodimedone, 2-nitro-5-phenylcyclohexanedione-1,3, their anions, and related model compounds. Using infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy, polarography, and potentiometric measurements, the authors argue th…
This paper reports the synthesis and polymerization behavior of unsaturated organomercury compounds containing vinylphenyl groups. Phenyl-p-vinylphenylmercury was prepared from p-vinylphenylmagnesium chloride and phenylmercuric bromide, and was found to polymerize either without initiator or with az…
