SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This paper reports experimental measurements of pulsed electrical breakdown in several dry, moistened, and liquid-impregnated rocks in a sharply nonuniform electric field. Plane-parallel specimens of sandstone, plagiogranite, aleuropelite, and marble were tested under single positive high-voltage pu…
This paper addresses the need for a fast, low resistance flowmeter for experimental studies of hydraulic systems in metal cutting machine tools, where dynamic flow measurement is less well served than pressure measurement. It describes an axial impeller flowmeter with a photoelectric transducer, out…
This paper examines whether a previously proposed temperature, time relation for triple short-term tempering of quenched R18 high-speed steel remains valid under different quenching conditions and for another steel grade. Experiments on R18 steel quenched from 1230 to 1300 degrees C and on R9 steel …
This study examines how small modifying additions affect the structure, properties, and production behavior of dispersion-hardening iron, cobalt, tungsten tool alloys, whose practical use is limited by brittleness associated with coarse grains and intercrystalline effects. Alloys containing 20 perce…
This paper discusses practical refinements to the electroplating of magnetic measuring scales with a Co-Ni-P alloy, focusing on the coating of disks and long brass strips for measuring transducers. Based on institute investigations, it recommends room-temperature degreasing, insulation with BF-4 adh…
This study examines the choice of electroplated magnetic alloy for the measuring disks of magnetoelectric kinematometers used to monitor the kinematic accuracy of gear-cutting machines and related instruments. The authors compare cobalt, nickel, phosphorus and cobalt, nickel coatings by measuring re…
The paper examines errors that arise when measuring the projected pitch of worm hobs under the inspection procedures of GOST 9324-60, especially the influence of pitch errors in helical chip grooves. Using geometric analysis and practical calculations for hobs of different modules, it shows that per…
This paper investigates the wear behavior of carbide tools during turning of ShKh-15 steel at different hardness levels, and the resulting effects on cutting forces, chip shrinkage, cutting temperature, and chip contact length. Experiments on a screw-cutting lathe with T15K6 carbide inserts measured…
This study examines the machining of the difficult-to-cut titanium alloy VT3-1, focusing on cutting forces, tool wear, tool material, and cutter geometry. Turning experiments on a lathe used a three-component strain-gauge dynamometer and a procedure designed to separate force measurements at differe…
This paper examines the machinability of two low-magnetic wrought high-manganese steels during planing, with emphasis on reproducible tool-life testing and selection of suitable cutting-tool materials and geometries. The authors compare high-speed steels, several cemented-carbide groups, cast cuttin…
This paper examines how wear of a carbide cutting tool on the principal flank face affects cutting-force components during turning of VT-6 titanium alloy. The authors designed experiments to minimize rake-face and tip wear, measured flank wear land geometry, actual clearance angle, cutting forces, c…
This paper investigates the stress state in the metal cutting zone during formation of shear chips, focusing on low-plasticity brass cut at very low speeds. The authors use microhardness measurements, calibrated by compression tests, to infer the intensity of tangential stresses and then reconstruct…
This paper examines how flank-surface wear of face-milling tools affects chip shrinkage and cutting forces when machining nonferrous metals. Experiments on brass, bronze, and duralumin measured chip shrinkage, circumferential force, feed force, and cutting temperature over varied cutting speeds and …
This note proves that a homeomorphic correspondence between convex surfaces that preserves the variation of turn of every curve must be a similarity. The argument first shows that preservation of turn variation determines angles between arbitrary curve directions, hence the correspondence is conform…
The paper examines whether a force-separation methodology developed for face milling of ferrous metals can be applied to ductile non-ferrous metals. Experiments measured cutting temperature, chip shrinkage, tangential force, and feed force during face milling of brass L62, bronze BrAZh9-4, copper M1…
This paper examines experimental methods for determining the deformed state in the metal cutting zone, where large shear deformations and steep deformation gradients make measurement difficult. It describes the use of a dividing grid made from etched circular marks in an electrodeposited zinc coatin…
This paper examines how plastic deformation should be characterized in metal cutting, arguing that chip compression and the commonly used relative shear formula based on a single shear plane do not reliably represent deformation during chip formation. Using a simple shear interpretation of the chip …
This paper reports an experimental study of the strength of gray cast iron under plane stress, focusing on its dependence on Brinell hardness and on the transition from uniaxial to biaxial compression. Solid round specimens were tested in torsion, and rectangular prisms of varying length to width ra…
The paper describes the design and testing of an inductive torque meter intended for measuring time-varying torques over a relatively wide range while maintaining ease of adjustment. The proposed instrument uses replaceable rod-shaped elastic elements between two disks and differential inductive tra…
The paper addresses the calculation of the contact ratio of gear wheels, a quantity needed to determine the nominal contact-line length in Hertzian contact strength calculations. Building on an existing method that expresses the active portions of the line of action through gear geometry and pressur…
This paper describes a test bench developed to study how progressive gear tooth wear affects the smoothness of gear transmission operation. Motivated by the lack of direct experimental studies on the kinematic effects of wear, the bench measures excess angular displacements of the driven gear under …
This paper examines how handheld electric drill gearboxes should be loaded during durability testing, particularly for drills used in coal mines where spindle torque varies with coal properties and manually applied feed force. It reviews earlier test practice based on indirect power measurements and…
This paper describes an electrical inductive dynamometer developed for long-duration statistical investigation of slowly varying or low-frequency loads in machine elements under operating conditions. The device, designated ID-50, was designed to measure the reaction force on the stationary sun gear …
This paper examines preliminary displacement and microslip in steel on conveyor rubber contacts as factors in calculating conveyor belt serviceability with respect to slipping on a driving pulley. Using magnified displacement measurements on rubber washer specimens under specified normal and shear l…
This paper investigates preslip, or elastic microdisplacement, in wheel and rail contact as a factor in fatigue wear and energy loss during rolling with tractive effort. Drawing on earlier experimental relations and new specimen tests, it examines how preliminary displacement depends on normal load,…
This paper reports experimental observations on elastic preliminary displacement in compressed and sheared discrete metallic contacts when compressive and tangential loads are varied simultaneously. Using load displacement curves and a single asperity contact model, the authors analyze unloading pat…
This paper reports experiments designed to verify existing theories for tubular Bourdon pressure gauge springs by measuring displacement sensitivity and stresses. Springs of flat oval and oval cross section, with nominal pressures from 1 to 100 kgf/cm², were tested, and measured travel per atmospher…
This paper develops a unified calculation method for tubular pressure gauge springs with varied cross sectional shapes, including rhombic, oval, flattened oval, elliptical, and figure eight forms. Using Feodos’ev’s potential energy formulation and a universal cross section parameterized by geometric…
This paper develops a method for relating resistance to plastic deformation in torsion, cutting, and tension for strain-hardening metals. Using average shear strains and stresses in solid circular rods, the author derives formulas for torsional resistance from tensile flow curves under several plast…
This paper examines the use of the maximum elongation theory of strength for brittle materials, emphasizing that standard formulas do not account for the different resistance of such materials to tension and compression. It develops modified strength contours and calculation formulas for plane stres…
This paper examines how material mechanical properties affect the deformation state of cylindrical specimens compressed radially between flat press plates. Using rolled coordinate grids on specimen end faces, the study compares structural steel, Kh18N9T steel, bronze, brass, duralumin, and lead at d…
This study examines the nonuniform stress and strain state produced during plane upsetting of prismatic specimens, with particular attention to the effects of contact friction and strain hardening. Stainless steel prisms were upset by 10 percent and 30 percent, sectioned, and mapped by hardness meas…
This paper examines the use of hardness measurements to determine plastic strain states, especially where grid methods are limited for small deformations or internal regions. It discusses calibration between hardness, stress intensity, and logarithmic strain intensity, derives accuracy criteria base…
This paper examines whether plastic deformation occurs during reversed motion along a nominally neutral loading surface of constant stress intensity. Thin-walled tubular U8 steel specimens were tested under combined axial force and internal pressure, with stresses programmed in a two-dimensional dev…
This paper examines plastic deformation under complex loading in which the principal axes of the stress tensor remain fixed while the type of stress state changes. Using stress intensity and the angle defining the stress-state type as variables, it reports experiments on tubular steel specimens load…
Experiments are reported on plastic deformation of annealed copper and duralumin D16 tubular specimens subjected to complex combined loading at constant Huber-Mises stress intensity. The loading programs varied the magnitudes, ratios, and directions of the principal stresses, and the resulting plast…
This paper formulates stress, strain relations for isotropic elastoplastic materials under simple loading, where the principal stresses vary proportionally with a loading parameter. Starting from incremental linear relations between principal stress and strain increments, it derives finite expressio…
This paper examines the commonly used assumption in small elastic-plastic deformation theory that the principal axes of the stress and strain tensors coincide. It formulates the orientation of the stress axes relative to the strain axes through direction cosines and treats the deformation work under…
This paper examines a plane contact problem for an elastic half-plane whose boundary includes a thin, more compliant surface layer representing the mechanical influence of roughness. Following Shtaerman’s approach, the additional normal displacement due to this layer is taken as proportional to the …
This paper analyzes the forced oscillations of a balancing machine whose movable rotor, stator, and platform system has six degrees of freedom and no rigid connection to the environment. Using Lagrange equations, it derives coupled differential equations for translational and torsional motions under…
This paper reports experimental measurements of the speed of parts conveyed by a rectilinear electromagnetic vibratory conveyor, examining the effects of oscillation amplitude, vibration angle, part material, friction conditions, surrounding medium, and bulk flow. The experiments compare measured ve…
This paper analyzes the mechanics of vibratory conveying for a material point interacting with an oscillating inclined trough, with attention to sliding, separation, and tossing regimes. It derives conditions for forward and backward sliding, shows that tossing cannot occur without preliminary forwa…
The paper studies bicompactness and completeness of topological spaces through systems of canonical closed sets and their relation to the theory of absolutes. It introduces H-systems and H-ends, proves a criterion stating that a regular space is bicompact exactly when every H-system has nonempty int…
This paper studies a boundary value problem for a second order mixed type equation in a three dimensional domain divided by the plane where the coefficient changes sign. Weak solutions are defined by duality in Sobolev spaces, and the argument derives a priori estimates for the adjoint test function…
The paper develops a method for determining limiting characteristics and capacities of linear information systems with feedback and internal interference, such as reproduction or tracking systems. Assuming stationary Gaussian input signal, external noise, and internal disturbance with known spectral…
The paper studies the entropy change produced by mixing two equal amounts of identical polarized gases whose internal spin states are described by arbitrary density matrices of spin s. Using the von Neumann entropy for mixed quantum ensembles, it derives a general expression for the entropy of mixin…
This paper develops variational theorems for several classes of analytic functions in circular annuli, aimed at reducing extremal problems for differentiable systems of complex-valued functionals to finite-parametric families of boundary functions. Using structural integral representations and earli…
This paper examines variable-structure automatic control systems in which the control law uses internal system coordinates, a technique that can avoid repeated differentiation of the error signal but may make the sliding hyperplane and transient dynamics sensitive to plant parameter variations. The …
This paper studies an infinite horizon two player linear differential game in which the state satisfies a controllable linear system and the payoff is a quadratic functional, with one player minimizing and the other maximizing. It formulates admissibility in terms of square integrability of the stat…
The paper studies embedding criteria for periodic function classes from \(L_r\) into \(L_p\), expressed through best trigonometric approximation and moduli of smoothness. Using Hardy, Littlewood, Paley type theorems, the Littlewood, Paley theorem, Nikolsky’s inequality, and Jackson type estimates, i…
