Some Data on the Characterization of Coals from the Chernovskoye Deposit
Abstract Generated abstract
This paper presents analytical data on brown coals from the Chernovskoye deposit near Chita, a deposit described as insufficiently studied despite significant estimated reserves and active mining. Based on 62 commercial samples from several mines tested in the Tomsk Railway laboratory, the authors report moisture, ash, volatile matter, calorific value, and, for selected samples, sulfur content. The results characterize the coals as high in working moisture, moderate to low in ash, low in sulfur, and rich in volatile matter, with average values of about 35 percent moisture, 12 percent ash, 0.72 percent sulfur, and 55 percent volatile substances. Limited Fischer retort distillation of two samples indicated primary tar yields of about 10 percent on dry coal and produced powdery semicoke.
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I. V. Gebler and Yu. A. Vasnetsova.
Some Data on the Characterization of Coals from the Chernovskoye Deposit
The Chernovskoye coals belong to the brown coals. Their deposit is located 20 versts to the WSW of the city of Chita, near Chernovskaya station of the Trans-Baikal Railway. In the deposit five coal seams have been found1:
| Seam | Thickness |
|---|---|
| first (upper) seam | up to 7 m |
| second | from 0.5 to 1.0 m |
| third | from 0.5 to 1.2 m |
| fourth | from 2.0 to 2.5 m |
| fifth | from 1.2 to 1.5 m |
The Mine Administration estimates the reserves of coal at 33,699,747 tons, of which the actual reserve available for exploitation amounts to as much as 19,000,000 tons. It should be noted, however, that the Chernovskoye deposit has not been studied to a sufficient degree and that the area over which the seams extend has not been established.
In 1931–1932 the following mines were operating at the mine: Lenin, Sibirskaya, Zherekoiskaya, N. Torm, and Kadala; the output over the last three years amounted to 293,882–377,554 tons. The Chernovskoye coals have been studied very little, and analytical data on them are extremely scanty. In the above-mentioned article by T. P. Ponomarev, average values are given for several analyses taken from the report of engineer Gudanov to the Chita District Executive Committee; these figures are as follows:
| Component | Value |
|---|---|
| Moisture | 15.7% |
| Ash | 4.47% |
| Sulfur | 0.669% |
| Coke | 49.45% |
| Organic substances, volatile | 34.82% |
| Organic substances, nonvolatile | 44.71% |
Heat-producing capacity:
| Basis | Value |
|---|---|
| Calorimetric | 5435 cal. |
| Useful | 5031 cal. |
This is hardly all that is available in the literature concerning the qualitative characterization of the Chernovskoye coals; moreover, the analyses cited above are expressed unclearly, in a manner not corresponding to the standards adopted for this purpose.
In the laboratory of the Tomsk Railway, Chernovskoye coals in the form of samples from commercial lots began to arrive in 1932; in all, 62 samples from different mines were received for testing. All of them were tested for moisture, ash, and volatile-matter content, and the heat-producing capacity was also determined; total sulfur was determined in 13 samples.
The results of the analyses are given in the following table:
| Mine | Number of samples | Wp Min | Wp Max | Wp Mean | Wa Min | Wa Max | Wa Mean | Ac Min | Ac Max | Ac Mean |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lenin | 7 | 29.47 | 35.56 | 32.71 | 13.01 | 20.00 | 15.10 | 9.49 | 17.30 | 11.99 |
| Sibirskaya | 14 | 30.21 | 36.41 | 33.51 | 8.20 | 23.52 | 14.57 | 9.50 | 13.50 | 11.24 |
| Zherekoisk. | 12 | 28.42 | 34.14 | 32.33 | 10.40 | 18.84 | 15.08 | 9.00 | 13.70 | 11.62 |
| Torm. | 10 | 31.49 | 38.73 | 35.63 | 12.80 | 16.82 | 15.21 | 13.09 | 19.07 | 16.39 |
| Kadala | 19 | 36.86 | 46.45 | 41.12 | 12.46 | 23.60 | 15.93 | 6.65 | 11.76 | 8.29 |
| For the entire deposit | 62 | 31.29 | 38.26 | 35.06 | 11.37 | 20.56 | 15.18 | 9.55 | 15.07 | 11.91 |
| Mine | Number of samples | \(Q^{c}_{b}\) Min | \(Q^{c}_{b}\) Max | \(Q^{c}_{b}\) Avg. | \(S^{c}_{ob}\) Min | \(S^{c}_{ob}\) Max | \(S^{c}_{ob}\) Avg. | \(V^{r}\) Min | \(V^{r}\) Max | \(V^{r}\) Avg. | \(Q^{r}_{b}\) Min | \(Q^{r}_{b}\) Max | \(Q^{r}_{b}\) Avg. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lenin | 7 | 5654 | 6440 | 6230 | 0.89 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 49.86 | 61.46 | 54.99 | 6836 | 7189 | 7077 |
| Sibirskaya | 14 | 5894 | 6402 | 6220 | 0.47 | 1.07 | 0.74 | 40.87 | 57.30 | 54.06 | 6814 | 7200 | 7007 |
| Zherekoisk. | 12 | 6017 | 6477 | 6226 | 0.47 | 1.06 | 0.92 | 48.92 | 58.24 | 54.59 | 6939 | 7234 | 7044 |
| Torm. | 10 | 5620 | 6079 | 6130 | 0.60 | 0.84 | 0.73 | 36.02 | 58.65 | 53.64 | 6662 | 7031 | 6901 |
| Kadala | 19 | 5530 | 5993 | 5774 | 0.42 | 1.09 | 0.71 | 46.29 | 62.11 | 56.95 | 6056 | 6488 | 6296 |
| For the entire deposit | 62 | 5743 | 6274 | 6116 | 0.57 | 1.00 | 0.72 | 44.39 | 59.55 | 54.85 | 6661 | 7028 | 6865 |
As can be seen, the Chernovskoye coals have a high content of original working moisture (avg. 35%), which is characteristic of brown coals. The ash content is comparatively not high (avg. about 12%); sulfur is also low (avg. 0.72%). The yield of volatile substances is very considerable (avg. about 55%), but for different samples it varies within 15% (44—59%).
Two coal samples were subjected to distillation in a Fischer retort at a temperature of about \(500^\circ\) in order to determine the yield of primary tar. The following results were obtained:
| \(W^{a}\), % | \(A^{c}\), % | \(V^{r}\), % | Tar, % on dry coal | Semicoke, % on dry coal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. From the Lenin mine | 16.64 | 17.30 | 61.46 | 9.8 | 76.5 |
| 2. From the Zherekoiskaya mine | 18.84 | 12.37 | 58.24 | 10.6 | 75.2 |
The semicoke for both samples is powdery.
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T. P. Ponomarev, Trans-Baikal Coal Deposits. Survey of the Principal Deposits of Coals and Combustible Shales of the USSR, 1931. ↩