Investigation of Pine Stump Resinous Wood in Tomsk Oblast
Abstract Generated abstract
This study evaluates pine stump resinous wood as a raw material for rosin and pine resin production in several districts of Tomsk Oblast, focusing on timber enterprises near the planned Asino timber industry complex. Sample plots were surveyed by counting stumps, selecting model stumps, recording young growth, grubbing and sawing stumps, and chemically analyzing sawdust extracts for moisture and rosin content. The surveyed sites showed stump resin stocks ranging from 16 to 43 cubic meters per hectare, with rosin contents generally between 11.4% and 21.6%, while highly decomposed material was considered unsuitable. The authors conclude that maturity classes I to III are the most promising for extraction and estimate substantial regional reserves accumulated over the previous 15 years.
Full Text
STUDY OF PINE STUMP RESIN IN TOMSK OBLAST
V. P. Zhukov, Zh. V. Shpomchak
(Presented by the scientific-methodological seminar of the Faculty of Chemical Technology)
Stump resin is a promising raw material for obtaining extraction rosin; its reserves are replenished annually through pine cuttings. As a rule, the maturation of stump resin after forest cutting lasts 10–15 years. During this time, most clear-cut areas become covered with young forest, which is a serious obstacle to the extraction of stump resin [1].
In the present work, a study was carried out of pine stump resin in several districts of Tomsk Oblast. The survey covered the timber-industry enterprises Timiryazevskii, Asinovskii, and Laiskii, located in the interfluve of the Tom, Ob, and Chulym rivers and gravitating toward the city of Asino, where construction of a timber-industry complex is planned. The extent of the study area from north to south is about 200 km.
The soils of the oblast are sandy or sandy loam, sufficiently moist. The maturation of stump resin begins 4–5 years after forest cutting.
The survey method consisted in laying out, on a typical pine-cutting site, a sample plot of \(100 \times 50\) m; the stumps were counted, with every tenth stump marked as a model stump. After this, young growth was recorded and the model stumps were grubbed out. An average sample of sawdust from sawing the model stumps into pieces 15 cm long was sent for chemical analysis.
Chemical analysis was carried out by extracting the sawdust sample in a Soxhlet apparatus with ethyl ether. From the resulting ether extract the ether was distilled off, and the residue of resinous substances was dissolved in ethyl alcohol and titrated with an alcoholic solution of caustic potash using phenolphthalein. The amount of rosin was calculated for a sample with 20% moisture content [2]. The results of the analyses are given in Table 1.
It follows from the table that the reserve of stump resin per 1 ha ranges from 16 to 43 stacked cubic meters, and moisture content from 19.6 to 43%. Stump resin of maturity class VI has decomposed by 90%, has a moisture content of 62.6% with a rosin content of 3.8%, and is not to be taken into account. The rosin content in the resin ranges from 11.4% to 21.6%.
The most promising for extraction is stump resin of maturity classes I, II, and III. The reserve of stump resin accumulated over the last 15 years at the three timber-industry enterprises amounts to 1344.8 thousand m³.
Similar studies have been conducted in Tomsk Oblast for the first time and provide a basis for raising the question of extracting stump resin for the production of rosin and pine resin.
Table 1
| Timber-Industry Enterprise | Forestry District | Sample Plot No. | Resin-quality class | Resin stock per 1 ha, in m³ | Moisture content of the resin, % | Rosin content, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Timiryazevsky | Kaltayskoye | 1 | VI | 27 | 62.6 | 3.8 |
| Timiryazevsky | Kaltayskoye | 2 | II | 30 | 33.6 | 11.4 |
| Timiryazevsky | Moryakovskoye | 3 | I | 16 | 32.7 | 14.5 |
| Timiryazevsky | Timiryazevskoye | 4 | IV | 26 | 43.8 | 15.8 |
| Asinovsky | Kopylovskoye | 5 | III | 29 | 24.6 | 13.1 |
| Asinovsky | Kopylovskoye | 6 | II | 20 | 22.0 | 21.6 |
| Asinovsky | Kopylovskoye | 7 | I | 24 | 19.6 | 21.6 |
| Asinovsky | Kopylovskoye | 8 | IV | 11 | 38.0 | 18.0 |
| Asinovsky | Kopylovskoye | 9 | V | 18 | 37.0 | 15.0 |
| Laysky | Layskoye | 10 | I | 40.3 | 36.2 | 13.4 |
| Laysky | Layskoye | 11 | II | 38.3 | 39.6 | 14.2 |
| Laysky | Baturinskoye | 12 | V | 43.2 | 38.0 | 14.2 |
| Laysky | Baturinskoye | 13 | IV | 26.7 | 30.1 | 16.0 |
Conclusions
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Work has been carried out for the first time on the study of pine stump resin in Tomsk Oblast.
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It has been established that pine stump resin in Tomsk Oblast is a promising raw material for obtaining rosin and pine resin.
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The average stock of stump resin per 1 ha is 26 m³, with an average rosin content in the resin of 16%.
LITERATURE
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I. B. Baranov. On prospects for expanding the raw-material base for the production of rosin and turpentine. Hydrolysis and Wood-Chemical Industry, No. 5, 1956.
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Temporary instruction for surveying raw-material bases of pine stump resin for supplying rosin-extraction plants and resin-procurement enterprises. Giproleskhim, 1956.