SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 2226 papers in Physics
This paper develops a general approximate formula for calculating the Debye temperature of anisotropic crystals from elastic-wave phase velocities. The method compares a given crystal with the nearest isotropic medium on average, expands the velocity eigenvalue problem in terms of anisotropy paramet…
This paper analyzes high-frequency drift instability in a strongly inhomogeneous magnetized plasma, focusing on electronic oscillations whose frequencies exceed ion cyclotron and Langmuir scales so that ion motion can be neglected. Using a geometrical-optics approximation for small-scale potential o…
This paper analyzes radiation amplification in a nonequilibrium recombining plasma with inverted level populations, emphasizing that the kinetics of a multilevel system must be considered rather than a two- or three-level approximation. For an optically thin hydrogen plasma, the authors formulate po…
A closed kinetic equation is derived for the lowest order classical Green function of a low density system of particles with short range interactions, retaining terms through the third order in the density parameter. The argument starts from the hierarchy of equations for classical Green functions, …
This paper refines the quantum theory of cascade decay for unstable elementary particles, starting from the assumption that their properties are independent of their method of preparation. Using the Fock-Krylov representation of decay through conserved energy distribution densities, it reformulates …
This paper studies the off energy shell two-particle scattering amplitude needed for the diagrammatic treatment of the nonrelativistic three-body problem with pairwise interactions. Using the Lippmann Schwinger equation for a Yukawa potential and the alpha parameter representation of perturbation di…
The paper develops self-consistent descriptions of charged-particle systems that include both “free” charges, for which correlations are neglected, and “bound” charges, where electron-ion pairing is important, as in weakly ionized hydrogen plasma. Starting from microscopic Liouville and field equati…
This study investigates the low-temperature spectral distribution of the internal photoeffect in CdSe and CdS single crystals, with emphasis on testing excitonic explanations of photosensitivity near the long-wavelength edge of fundamental absorption. Using polarized-light photocurrent measurements …
This study examines the energy positions and line shapes of titanium X-ray Kα1,2 and Kβ1 emission lines in titanium oxides across compositions from lower oxides to rutile. Oxide samples of controlled composition were prepared and characterized, including by magnetic susceptibility for phase assessme…
This paper examines the use of a ruby optical generator as a high brightness pulsed illumination source for bubble chamber photography. The authors describe an autocollimation illumination and photographic arrangement using a ruby laser with a concentric resonator, then test it on a glass bubble mod…
This paper develops a statistical theory for acceleration of fast charged particles by weak, stationary magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in a rarefied plasma, focusing on low-frequency Alfvén waves propagating nearly along a background magnetic field. Using classical perturbation theory applied to the…
This article describes explosive magnetic cumulation generators that convert mechanical energy from high explosives into ultrastrong magnetic fields and currents through rapid deformation of conducting circuits. It outlines two principal designs: MK-1, which compresses an axial magnetic field in a m…
The paper proposes using the Mössbauer effect as an analyzer in tracer-atom studies, with Mössbauer isotopes such as iron-57 introduced in defined chemical states and monitored through recoil-free gamma-resonance spectra. This approach is presented as a way to study isotopic and electron-exchange re…
This paper examines how intermolecular interactions affect the nuclear magnetic resonance line shape of reorienting methyl groups in solids, where spectra of isolated nuclear groups are broadened by interactions between groups. Using measurements of the second and fourth moments and temperature-depe…
This paper examines thermal fluctuations and Brownian motion in binary dilute solutions near the liquid gas critical point, with emphasis on the autocorrelation and slow relaxation of composition fluctuations. Using Gibbs critical point conditions and Onsager’s interpretation of diffusion as driven …
The paper examines temperature jump at a solid wall in polyatomic gases when different molecular degrees of freedom have unequal accommodation at the surface and slow internal relaxation. It divides the near-wall region into a kinetic layer and a wider relaxation zone, formulates separate heat-trans…
This paper develops an approximate formulation for hypersonic ideal-gas flow over the windward side of a flat wing at angle of attack. The governing conservation equations in the layer between the wing and the shock are transformed using a Legendre polynomial expansion across the layer, yielding a h…
The paper constructs a statistical operator for nonstationary nonequilibrium processes by extending a previous local-integral-of-motion method. Using conservation laws for energy, particle number, and momentum, it defines time-dependent operators governed by slowly varying thermodynamic parameters a…
This study applies the Mössbauer effect to determine recoil-free gamma absorption by tin-119 nuclei in pure tin and in disordered tin-based solid solutions containing bismuth, indium, cadmium, or antimony. By measuring resonance absorption spectra over 130 to 300 K for absorbers of varying thickness…
This paper studies the statistical mechanics of a one-dimensional equilibrium system of ordered identical elements interacting through a linear, Coulomb-type potential whose strength may be attenuated by intervening elements. The configurational integral is reformulated using interval variables and …
This study examines whether electron transfer from oxide surfaces to adsorbed quinone molecules can be detected under vacuum conditions. Benzoquinone and anthraquinone vapors were adsorbed on thermally treated ZnO, MgO, BaO, and silica gel, and the resulting species were investigated by diffuse refl…
This study evaluates radiothermoluminescence as a method for assessing the homogeneity, glass-transition behavior, and practical stability of polymer mixtures. Mixtures of butadiene elastomers SKB and SKD were irradiated at low temperature and analyzed through glow curves during warming, with insuff…
The paper examines whether cold quasineutral ion beams with compensated space charge can be focused in systems using combined electric and magnetic fields. Using a simplified hydrodynamic treatment of the electron component, it argues that an electric field can persist inside a rarefied compensated …
This paper examines how changes in nuclear shape affect beta-decay probabilities, focusing on odd-proton nuclei in a transitional rare-earth region and neighboring odd-neutron spherical nuclei. The authors compare log ft values for first-forbidden beta transitions in these nuclei with analogous tran…
This paper analyzes a kinetic current instability of Alfvén waves in a homogeneous low pressure plasma carrying an electric current along an external magnetic field, with emphasis on effects of a finite ion Larmor radius. Using a kinetic dispersion relation for nearly transverse low frequency oscill…
The study investigates the radioactive decay chain involving Pd-101, Rh-101m, and Rh-101, with emphasis on gamma transitions, conversion electron spectra, and resulting nuclear level schemes. Activities obtained from proton-irradiated Ag or Cd targets were examined using a KETRON magnetic spectromet…
This note examines four-dimensional Einstein spaces satisfying a generally covariant tensor wave equation for the Riemann curvature, interpreted as a criterion for gravitational waves, using Petrov’s algebraic classification. By expressing the curvature tensor in the associated six-dimensional bivec…
A method is developed for solving Bogolyubov equations for correlation distribution functions of an inhomogeneous gas with small van der Waals number, without imposing molecular chaos. By separating macrospace and microspace scales, the equations are reduced in leading approximation to a hierarchy f…
This paper reports an experimental observation of cascade population in cadmium atoms under electron excitation, motivated by its possible influence on optical excitation functions and lifetime measurements. Using a delayed-coincidence method with pulsed electron excitation, the authors measured the…
This paper establishes a rigorous comparison between the exact ground state energy of a molecular Hamiltonian and its value in the adiabatic approximation. By decomposing the exact molecular wave function into electronic and nuclear factors and applying normalization identities, positivity of the nu…
The paper examines how target temperature affects the angular dependence of ion electron emission from copper single crystals bombarded by 30 keV argon ions. Extending a prior model in which emission is proportional to the energy lost in the ion’s first collisions with surface atoms, the authors inc…
This paper examines nonlinear theories of the growth and stabilization of aerodynamic disturbances, focusing on whether they determine the direction of disturbance development beyond the linear regime. It reviews the amplitude equation associated with Landau and its subsequent derivations by Stuart,…
The induced infrared absorption spectrum of hydrogen dissolved in carbon tetrachloride was measured at room temperature in the 7500 to 9500 cm⁻¹ region, corresponding to the first vibrational overtone transition. Using high pressure hydrogen solutions and a long path absorption cell, the study ident…
This paper studies the relation between positive definiteness, the moment problem, and self-adjointness of field operators in quantum field theory. Using a rigged Hilbert space construction based on nuclear spaces of test-function sequences, it proposes conditions on the growth of Wightman functiona…
This paper investigates how deformation-induced changes in optical absorption spectra of cubic crystals affect the dispersion of refractive index and forced birefringence, linking photoelasticity with piezospectroscopic phenomena. Using an interference method under uniaxial compression at low temper…
The paper examines how the Hall effect should be characterized in plasma flow theory when the usual Hall parameter alone is insufficient to describe deviations from one-fluid magnetohydrodynamics. Starting from simplified two-fluid equations, the authors introduce a dimensionless exchange parameter …
The paper investigates absorption spectra of colloidal solutions and dry layers of several organic dyes, motivated by analogies between metallic colloids and conjugated organic systems. Using highly sensitive spectrophotometric measurements at very low dye concentrations, the authors compare freshly…
This paper examines how finite vibrational relaxation affects thermal dissociation of diatomic molecules in rapidly heated gases, focusing on the case where vibrational populations remain Boltzmann distributed but have a vibrational temperature different from the translational-rotational temperature…
This paper examines how loss of ions from a discharge volume affects the ionization balance of helium impurities in a hot hydrogen plasma, a factor relevant to estimating energy losses and interpreting spectral line intensities. A phenomenological homogeneous-plasma model is formulated for neutral, …
This study reports direct adiabatic calorimetric measurements of the constant-volume heat capacity of 99.8 percent heavy water near the critical point, where prior data were limited. Measurements along selected isochores were compared with ordinary water under the same apparatus and conditions to as…
The paper investigates how strong lattice distortions affect the critical magnetic fields and transition temperatures of superconducting indium, tin, and thallium. Metal films were produced by condensation on liquid helium cooled glass substrates, then progressively annealed, with electrical resista…
This paper examines how paramagnetic impurities affect the critical temperature of a superconductor in a two-band model, extending earlier work on nonmagnetic impurity scattering. Using averaged one-particle Green functions and the averaged product of Green functions, the author derives modified rel…
The paper calculates electric quadrupole transition probabilities between neighboring high-spin rotational states in even axially deformed nuclei, extending earlier nonadiabatic treatments of rotational spectra that allow the nuclear shape to deform during rotation. Using rotational-band wave functi…
The paper examines the expansion of an ultrarelativistic gas in a gravitational field within general relativity, motivated by stellar explosions and as a Cauchy problem for Einstein’s equations. For a spherically symmetric, isentropic flow with an ultrarelativistic equation of state, the authors red…
This paper addresses the problem of tuning the operating wavelength of optical quantum generators by introducing a dispersive element into the resonator. Using a ruby rod and a resonator containing three high-dispersion prisms, the authors examine how rotation of the end mirror selects the wavelengt…
This paper examines whether unstable elementary particles have preparation-independent properties, like stable particles, and explores the consequences for production reactions, decay channels, and energy conservation. Khalfin argues that if unstable particles are elementary in this sense, their mas…
This paper develops a theory of molecular vibrational excitation by atom collisions within the impulse approximation, treating the interaction as a sum of pair potentials between the incident particle and atoms in the molecule. General expressions are derived for vibrational-rotational transition cr…
This study examines how melting affects the secondary-electron emission and complete energy spectra of high-purity tin and indium under electron bombardment. Using a vacuum apparatus with simultaneous high-speed oscillographic recording of integral current-voltage characteristics and differential en…
This paper studies the stationary diffraction of a plane wave by a finite segment with a Neumann boundary condition, focusing on the far-zone diffracted amplitude in the high-frequency limit. The amplitude is represented as a sum over optical paths involving successive diffractions at the segment en…
