SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This study examines siloxane polymers containing phenylene units in the main chain, motivated by the potential of aromatic units to modify heat resistance, radiation resistance, crystallinity, and elastomeric properties. High molecular weight phenylene-containing siloxane polymers were synthesized, …
This study examines the tert-butyl peroxide initiated free-radical addition of several N-alkylacetamides to methyl acrylate as a route to methyl esters of gamma-N-acetylamino acids and related lactams. Experiments with N-methylacetamide, N-acetylethylamine, N-acetylbutylamine, and N-acetylpiperidine…
This paper proposes a generalization of Einstein’s gravitational field equations motivated by the author’s view that the standard equations do not adequately express conservation of the combined energy and momentum of matter and the gravitational field. Using a variational formulation, it replaces t…
This study examines the temperature dependence of radiationless deactivation of the metastable, probably triplet, state of chlorophyll in solution. Using flash photolysis on chlorophyll a and b mixtures in toluene from 20 to minus 50 degrees Celsius, and in a solid ether, isopentane, alcohol glass a…
This paper addresses the low adhesion of polytetrafluoroethylene by proposing a comparatively mild surface activation method for grafting vinyl monomers. Polytetrafluoroethylene films were treated in air or air with oxygen by a silent electric discharge at 50 Hz and 22 to 30 kV, then contacted with …
This study examines the ion-exchange and electrochemical behavior of heterogeneous sulfocationite membranes based on KU-2 and SBS-1 resins in chloride electrolyte systems containing hydrogen, sodium, potassium, and ammonium ions. Using independently measured exchange constants, ion mobility ratios, …
This paper analyzes diffusion from an instantaneous point source in a gas subject to a gravitational field, assuming a barometric background distribution and an exponentially height-dependent diffusion coefficient. It derives an integral solution using Bessel-function eigenfunctions and evaluates as…
This study examines the oscillator structure responsible for the long-wavelength absorption band of tryptophan near 280 mµ, addressing Weber’s proposal that more than one electronic transition contributes to the observed fluorescence polarization spectrum. Tryptophan was incorporated into polyvinyl …
This paper examines the fixation of porous condensation structures formed from polyvinyl alcohol during acid-catalyzed acetalization with formaldehyde, with attention to preserving vapor permeability and porosity after drying. The authors compare the behavior of freshly formed structures with sample…
This note studies isolated weakly irregular points on surfaces in three-dimensional Euclidean space with negative Gaussian curvature and a regular metric, where the surface remains smooth enough but the second fundamental form may be discontinuous. Using estimates for the asymptotic net, index argum…
This paper examines postcritical deformation in geometrically nonbendable elastic shells when the material has a finite elastic limit. It argues that loss of stability produces sharp edge-like singularities, and that if bending near such an edge causes plastic deformation, the local surface form bec…
This paper studies the unique determination of a piecewise regular ovaloid of positive Gaussian curvature with boundary, allowing discontinuities of second derivatives along an internal gluing curve. The authors formulate boundary conditions on the increments of normal curvature and geodesic torsion…
This note analyzes the three-dimensional wave pattern generated on the free surface of a viscous incompressible fluid by a system of normal stresses moving uniformly along the surface. Using the linearized hydrodynamic equations, free-surface boundary conditions, and Fourier transforms, it derives a…
This paper addresses ill-posed inverse problems arising in mathematical physics, focusing on Fredholm equations of the first kind and the instability of recovering an unknown function from approximate data. It formulates a regularization principle using a smoothing functional composed of a residual …
This study examines the activation and pitting corrosion of passive iron by perchlorate ions in neutral, alkaline, and acidic solutions, addressing conflicting interpretations of perchlorate as either inhibiting or promoting metal dissolution. Armco iron electrodes were tested mainly by quasi-potent…
The paper studies orderability for reduced free distributive multioperator groups and related algebraic structures. It gives an orderability criterion for distributive operator groups in terms of signs on finite sets of nonzero elements and semigroups generated by values of absolutely free operator …
A new route to 3-hydroxyflavone, flavonol, is described from o-benzyloxyphenyl-omega-nitrostyryl ketone via its epoxide. Treatment of the nitrostyryl ketone with alkaline hydrogen peroxide gave the corresponding nitroketone epoxide in good yield, characterized by elemental analysis and ultraviolet a…
The paper addresses nebular forbidden spectral lines in planetary nebulae and the solar corona that are not explained by existing electric quadrupole, magnetic dipole, or intercombination transition theories. It proposes an extension of magnetic multipole transition theory by constructing an operato…
This note gives an axiomatic characterization of the entropy of an ergodic automorphism of a Lebesgue space with invariant measure. After recalling conditional entropy, factor automorphisms, Sinai’s theorem, and Pinsker’s lemma, it introduces principal factor automorphisms and proves that such facto…
This paper studies deficiencies of meromorphic functions in Nevanlinna theory when the lower order is less than one, extending earlier results formulated in terms of the order. It gives necessary and sufficient inequalities for the possible deficiencies of two distinct values of a meromorphic functi…
This note examines absolute convergence for power series in two variables and shows that the direct analogue of Abel’s theorem for one variable is false. A counterexample is constructed in which a two-variable power series converges on selected straight lines but has no interior points of convergenc…
This paper analyzes moisture transfer during evaporation in capillary porous bodies, considering both vapor diffusion and motion of liquid films along capillary walls. Using the Derjaguin and Nerpin formulation for film flow together with Stefan diffusion, the author derives expressions for the rela…
The paper treats a convex programming problem with a linear objective and smooth convex inequality constraints, motivated by the reduction of constrained convex Chebyshev approximation to this form. It presents two feasible direction algorithms in which each iteration determines a descent direction …
The paper studies error estimates for approximate eigenvalues and eigenvectors of an analytic compact operator pencil in a Hilbert space, with particular attention to approximations obtained by the generalized Galerkin method. It reformulates the eigenvalue problem by projecting along an approximate…
This study examines how cumene hydroperoxide, an intermediate product of cumene oxidation, affects radical formation during radiation exposure of frozen aromatic hydrocarbon samples. Using electron paramagnetic resonance during irradiation with 1.6 MeV electrons at low temperature, the authors measu…
This study examines the reaction of 2,3-diaryl and 2-aryl-3-alkyl indones with nitrogen dioxide and compares the formation of mononitro and dinitro hydroxyhydrindone products under different solvents, temperatures, and nitration conditions. Experiments with diphenylindone, phenyl-p-tolylindone, and …
This study examines how thermal treatment affects the heat of combustion and solubility of wheat gliadin, comparing protein heated in isolated preparations with gliadin extracted from grain heated for one hour at specified temperatures. Calorimetric measurements showed that isolated gliadin changed …
This paper studies absolutes of Hausdorff spaces and related extremally disconnected spaces mapping irreducibly onto a given space. It gives a new construction of the absolute using auxiliary extensions and introduces a companion space that maps continuously, irreducibly, bicompactly, and canonicall…
This paper studies the synthesis of a class of time-varying linear automatic control systems subject to random disturbances, described by differential equations whose coefficients depend linearly on time. Extending Phillips’s method for constant-coefficient systems, it represents the output through …
The paper studies groups in which every partial order extends to a linear order, focusing on order-independent subgroup conditions that preserve this property under quotients. It proves that for an order-extendable group, a quotient by a subgroup is order-extendable exactly when the subgroup is inva…
This paper addresses H. Neumann’s question whether the semigroup of nontrivial proper varieties of groups, with multiplication defined by extensions, is free. Using discrete and complete wreath products, the author proves embedding and identity transfer lemmas for group extensions, establishes left …
The paper analyzes the energetics of complex crystal lattices in alkaline-earth metal silicates, treating them as salts containing silicon-oxygen anionic radicals of different structural types. Using revised thermochemical data, Born-Haber cycles, and Kapustinskii-type lattice-energy equations with …
This study examines how molecular weight, concentration, and temperature affect the Newtonian viscosity and activation heat of viscous flow in concentrated polyisobutylene solutions in iso-octane. Measurements on seven polyisobutylene samples spanning molecular weights from about 10^3 to 2.8 million…
The paper presents a computational formulation for studying the motion of many interacting charged particles of one sign in a magnetic bottle, using enlarged particles or azimuthally symmetric charged rings rather than a Boltzmann kinetic description. Equations of motion in cylindrical coordinates a…
This note examines the applicability of the linearized Vlasov kinetic equation with a self-consistent field to a crystal at zero temperature. Starting from an equilibrium phase density concentrated at lattice sites, the author represents small variations by particle displacements and momenta, showin…
This paper analyzes light scattering by an isotropic Maxwellian plasma in the regime where collective plasma effects can be neglected. Using general scattering formulas for noninteracting charged particles, it derives relativistic corrections for both weakly relativistic and strongly relativistic el…
This study examines the synthesis of 1,1-substituted silicacyclobutanes from gamma-chloropropyl silicon derivatives, a class for which few preparative data were available. Organometallic ring closure was tested with several metals and solvents, and reproducible formation of chloro-substituted silica…
This note examines when axisymmetric postcritical deformations of spherical shells under axisymmetric loading remain stable, motivated by experiments in which circular dents or bulges become polygonal despite symmetric geometry and loading. Using an energy minimization approach over isometric transf…
This study investigates the preparation of organic derivatives of kaolin, a layered aluminosilicate for which such derivatives had not been experimentally established. Chinese kaolin was ultrasonically disintegrated in media of diphenyl, diphenylmethane, or ethylpolysiloxane, followed by washing and…
This paper examines bicyclic diphosphites derived from pentaerythritol and shows that transesterification of trialkyl phosphites can give different isomeric products depending on reaction conditions. Simultaneous reaction of two moles of trialkyl phosphite with pentaerythritol, or reaction of alkyl …
This study examines the source of oxygen incorporated during oxidation of benzene and phenol by pernitrous acid and salicylaldehyde by Fenton’s reagent, using oxygen-18 labeled water and isotopic analysis of the products. Experiments showed that o-nitrophenol from benzene oxidation reflected incorpo…
This paper examines how pressures up to 25,000 kg/cm² affect the infrared absorption spectrum of benzene in the 4000 to 4300 cm⁻¹ overtone and combination region. Using a high-pressure cuvette and infrared spectrometer, the authors track pressure-dependent shifts of several absorption bands through …
This paper investigates the electrophysical properties of lanthanum and cerium sesquisulfides, compounds whose bonding and defective crystal structure suggest semiconductor behavior. Polycrystalline stoichiometric samples were prepared by sintering in hydrogen sulfide, and their electrical resistivi…
The paper examines the formation of fast lithium 8 fragments in the disintegration of carbon 12 nuclei by 660 MeV protons, with attention to angular distributions and energy spectra relevant to direct reaction and fragmentation mechanisms. Thin carbon containing films were irradiated in a vacuum cha…
This note studies ergodic phenomena in which “time” is represented by a noncommutative discrete group, motivated by solutions of linear ordinary differential equations in the complex domain. It proves that, for two rotations of the sphere, density of the semigroup orbit implies uniform distribution,…
The paper constructs quasiclassical asymptotics for the Dirac equation by relating it to a five-variable first-order wave equation whose characteristic manifolds reproduce the relativistic Hamilton-Jacobi equation. A periodicity condition in the action coordinate is introduced, leading by separation…
This paper derives a kinetic equation for an adsorption monolayer on a body surface interacting with a rarefied gas flow, accounting for thermal desorption, impact-induced desorption, and adsorption probabilities dependent on energy exchange with clean and covered surface regions. Using a statistica…
This study examines structural changes during glass-ceramic formation in lithium aluminosilicate glasses containing titanium oxide or zirconium oxide crystallization additives. Using electron microscopy of replicas after isothermal heat treatment, the authors compare microstructural evolution with p…
