SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
The paper addresses the difficulty of using ordinary theodolites in steeply inclined mine workings, where the limb obstructs sighting, and reviews earlier solutions such as eccentric telescopes, prism attachments, and reflecting attachments. It argues that these devices introduce operational complic…
The paper presents practical methods for carrying out high precision arithmetic with multi-digit numbers on arithmometers and electromechanical calculating machines, whose ordinary procedures are limited to about six or seven digits. It develops schemes based on partitioning numbers into equal group…
This paper examines the adjustment of underground connecting traverses used to orient mine surveys through two vertical shafts, a procedure that contains one redundant measured element and requires reconciliation with surface plumb-line coordinates. After critiquing existing rigorous and simplified …
The paper addresses quality control of rotor balancing in assembled electrical machines, criticizing the common production test based on whether a machine moves on a smooth plate at rated speed. It argues, using vibration analysis and experiments on machines such as the U-600, that overall vibration…
This paper describes an electron-ion pulse servo-feed system developed for LZ-5M groove-grinding machines to improve productivity and machining quality compared with unregulated asynchronous drives. The system is presented as a closed-loop relay automatic control system using feedback on workpiece a…
This paper describes a simple experimental apparatus for recording the dynamic mechanical characteristics of an induction motor, needed for calculating electromechanical transients when reference data are unavailable. The setup couples the tested motor to an asynchronous tachogenerator, processes th…
This paper presents a method for determining the mechanical characteristics of an induction motor from speed and acceleration measurements during no-load transient operation, avoiding direct torque measurement with bulky braking installations. The authors describe an oscillographic setup in which a …
This paper studies derivability in intuitionistic propositional calculus through finite algebraic matrices called finite implicative structures. It defines refutation, validity, Gödelian implicative structures, and characteristic formulas associated with such structures, then establishes criteria co…
The paper addresses experimental determination of the moment of inertia of an electric machine rotor or of a motor and working mechanism reduced to the motor shaft. Starting from the coast-down equation of motion, it discusses graphical differentiation of speed-time curves and a more accurate tachog…
The paper addresses the problem of producing prescribed starting and braking transients in high-speed passenger elevator drives, where productivity must be balanced against limits on acceleration and jerk for passenger comfort. It proposes supplementing a generator-motor drive with rigid negative sp…
A pulse frequency divider with an adjustable division ratio is described for obtaining voltage or current pulses from an alternating sinusoidal source of unregulated frequency. The proposed circuit uses a storage capacitor and two thyratron switching elements, with smooth regulation achieved by vary…
This paper examines self-excitation in low-power induction motors supplied from a static electromagnetic frequency tripler through series compensation capacitors, a condition that can prevent acceleration to normal speed and produce distorted currents, heating, and overvoltages. Using a simplified l…
This paper addresses selective signaling of ground faults in electrical networks with a compensated neutral, where arc-suppression coils reduce fault currents but changing network capacitance can disturb compensation. It argues that, despite undercompensation or overcompensation, ground faults produ…
This paper addresses the dynamic balancing of electric machine rotors whose operating speeds approach the first critical speed, where methods intended for rigid rotors can leave substantial vibration due to shaft flexibility. It analyzes the modal character of flexible rotor deflection and proposes …
This paper investigates the development mechanism of negative sparks in rod to plane gaps under exponential voltage waves, focusing on how the average wavefront steepness affects breakdown. Using electro-optical oscillograms for gaps of about 1 to 2 m, it distinguishes regimes involving pulsed coron…
This paper addresses the problem of selective and sensitive ground fault protection in cable networks with isolated neutral, where existing devices were considered insufficiently selective, overly complex, costly, or insensitive. The authors describe a simple directional relay for 0.23, 0.4, 3, 6, a…
This paper analyzes how nonlinear brush contact resistance affects self-excitation in a no-load cross-field electric machine amplifier. Using nonlinear differential equations reduced to a second-order autonomous dynamic system, the study examines equilibrium points, their stability by the Poincaré a…
This paper examines commutation difficulties in transverse-field electric machine amplifiers, where brush arrangement, armature reaction, and multiple stator windings can produce sparking, demagnetizing commutation currents, and limits on load and speed. Using oscillographic experiments on transvers…
This paper examines theoretical conditions for combining two electrical machines with different pole numbers in a single magnetic core, a configuration used in frequency converters and cascade asynchronous motors. It extends the usual alternating-current winding factor by adding a coil-distribution …
The paper develops an approximate method for calculating the steady-state temperature field in the slot and tooth region of an electric machine, where exact two-dimensional solutions are impractical for engineering use. Under simplifying assumptions on geometry, heat generation, and effective therma…
This paper examines the problem of inspecting static air-gap nonuniformity in induction motors, especially in enclosed or explosion-proof designs where direct feeler-gauge measurement is difficult or impossible. It reviews several indirect measurement approaches, including shaft deflection under unb…
This paper analyzes the steady-state short-circuit operation of AC machines with asymmetric rotors, motivated by phase-wound induction motor starting and asynchronous starting of synchronous motors. Using rotating magnetic field equations under balanced stator supply and a stationary rotor condition…
This study examines how the composition of zirconyl phosphate precipitates affects their ion exchange, conductivity, selectivity, and membrane electrode behavior. Samples with different zirconium to phosphorus oxide ratios were prepared by precipitating zirconium salts with phosphoric acid under var…
This paper addresses the calculation of steady-state energy indicators for adjustable DC electric drives using a magnetic amplifier and separately excited DC motor. It develops a graphical-analytical method based on magnetic-amplifier load input-output characteristics, equivalent-circuit assumptions…
This paper addresses the calculation of speed and mechanical characteristics of DC motors controlled by self-excited magnetic amplifiers, a problem important for regulated electric drives and tracking systems. It proposes using experimentally or otherwise obtained magnetic-amplifier load characteris…
This paper develops a theoretically grounded method for selecting optimal magnetic shunt parameters in transformers regulated by shunt premagnetization for a prescribed operating mode. It formulates the required secondary leakage reactance as the key link between regulation performance and material …
The paper studies analytic small solutions of operator equations obtained by perturbing linear equations with multivalued solvability in complex Banach spaces, with a finite-dimensional kernel component. It gives necessary and sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness under linear perturbat…
This paper examines transformers regulated by direct-current biasing of magnetic shunts as static devices for smooth alternating-current voltage control, especially in higher-power automatic control systems. It argues that such transformers should be divided into three varieties according to how sec…
This paper examines automation of the transverse feed of the grinding wheel on LZ-5 groove-grinding machines, emphasizing the need to regulate feed in response to wheel wear and elastic deformation during machining. It compares possible controlled parameters, argues that actual feed speed is the mos…
The paper analyzes the dynamics of a separately excited direct-current motor whose armature is supplied by intermittent rectangular voltage pulses, as may occur with controlled rectifier drives. Using standard acceleration and braking equations for a constant resisting torque, the authors approximat…
This paper presents a thyratron based pulse control system for regulating the speed of a DC motor in a calender drive. The system varies the repetition frequency of fixed amplitude and fixed duration rectified voltage pulses from an ionic converter, using a frequency divider, control thyratrons, and…
The paper examines heating in a medium-power direct-current motor whose speed is regulated by pulse control and supplied from a controlled multiphase ion rectifier. Under simplifying assumptions for valve voltage drop, switching times, and motor load parameters, it derives relative-unit expressions …
This paper examines the use of low-power separately excited DC motors in ion electric drives with pulse control of rotational speed, with particular attention to heating and commutation limits. Using an equivalent single-phase thyratron rectifier circuit, the authors derive current-pulse characteris…
This paper presents an experimental automatic control and signaling system for a high-speed elevator using contactless digital and logic elements in place of bulky relay-contactor equipment. It describes a digital tracking system composed of command and call storage devices, a computing unit, and a …
The paper describes a two-coordinate numerical control system developed to modernize a model 6441A copy-milling machine with minimal mechanical alteration. It outlines the programming chain from technological assignment to punched telegraph tape, then explains a digital tracking system in which a re…
The study measures the time required for the electron concentration behind an incident shock wave in low pressure air to approach equilibrium, using absorption of 3 cm radio waves in a shock tube. Absorption oscillograms were calibrated against pressure and schlieren measurements, and electron densi…
This paper investigates heterogeneous recombination of hydrogen atoms on platinum, addressing conflicting reports that had treated platinum as a possible absolute recombination standard. Hydrogen atoms generated in a high voltage discharge were directed onto a platinum wire resistance thermometer, a…
Rhodium(III) phthalocyanine is synthesized from anhydrous rhodium chloride and phthalonitrile and characterized as the hydrogensulfate complex, with the oxidation state of rhodium confirmed by dichromate oxidation in sulfuric acid. Its dissociation kinetics in concentrated sulfuric acid are compared…
The paper introduces categories with divisibility by defining morphisms in an auxiliary category as nonempty subsets of morphism sets, and studies the resulting quasi-order on objects, with special attention to module categories. It proves finiteness-type criteria for associated objects to yield non…
This study examines how mechanical force affects structural transformations in natural rubber during thermomechanical testing, focusing on low-temperature crystallization and thermo-oxidative structuring. Using automatically recorded isothermal deformability curves under periodically applied loads, …
This paper studies geometric characterizations of nonreflexive Banach spaces using convex cones, nested families of closed convex bounded sets, and special bounded sequences. It proves that a Banach space is nonreflexive exactly when it contains a cone locally isomorphic to the positive cone generat…
This note studies how the family of bicompact subsets determines and constrains the topology of Hausdorff spaces, with applications to metrization and mapping theory. It introduces strongly uniform bases and strongly refining sequences of open covers, proving that each gives an exact characterizatio…
This paper analyzes a Balian and Werthamer model of superconductivity in which condensate pairs have orbital angular momentum l = 1 and form triplet spin states. Using two-time Green’s functions and Bogolyubov quasiaverages, it formulates the condition selecting physical solutions, namely that the g…
The paper studies spectral changes under compression of a self-adjoint operator with simple spectrum to the orthogonal complement of a generating vector, using Herglotz representations and associated measures. It proves that the absolutely continuous parts of the original and compressed operators ar…
This study examines whether organic polymers with conjugated bond systems can act as semiconductor catalysts for mild oxidation reactions, focusing on the formation of hydroperoxides from alkylaromatic hydrocarbons and cyclohexane. Polymeric copper phthalocyanines, polymeric copper tetraazaannulene …
This study examines Michael-type additions of furan alcohols and related derivatives to alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones under acidic conditions, with attention to how functional groups in the furan side chain affect ring hydrogen mobility. The authors compare reactive and unreactive sub…
This study examines the thermal stability of scandium fluoride and its interaction with magnesium fluoride, motivated by the potential use of ScF3 in producing scandium and magnesium alloys. ScF3 and MgF2 were prepared chemically, then investigated by continuous weighing, thermal analysis, and X-ray…
High-resolution NMR is applied to the solvation of paramagnetic ions in alcohol, water mixtures, using selective broadening and narrowing of the ethyl alcohol CH3 and CH2 lines as water displaces alcohol from ion solvation shells. Solutions of copper, manganese, and chromium salts in deuterated etha…
The paper formulates the determination of crystal structures from X-ray diffraction intensities as a problem of finding the global minimum of a function comparing calculated and experimental moduli of structure amplitudes. It argues that for many crystals, especially molecular crystals with rigid or…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of lower crystalline hydrates of yttrium, lanthanum, and lanthanide perrhenates, a class of compounds previously little studied. Rare-earth oxides were dissolved in purified perrhenic acid, using excess oxide to ensure neutralization, followed by…
