SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This study examines topochemical exchange reactions between dry hydrogen chloride and solid bromides of alkali, monovalent 18-electron, and selected divalent metals. Reaction rates were measured gravimetrically in a hydrogen chloride stream and analyzed using several kinetic equations, including the…
The paper addresses the difficulty of determining the fractional composition and washability of coal fines, which had become increasingly important as mechanized mining raised the proportion of small size classes in coal sent for beneficiation. It critiques existing centrifuge and extrapolation meth…
This paper examines why automatic fuel charging based only on outgoing gas temperature operates unreliably in gas generators. Using observations from industrial gasification of screened coal with a steam-air blast, the authors analyze how outgoing gas temperature depends on fuel bed height, gasifica…
This paper examines conditions for the polarographic determination of zirconium and hafnium, motivated by the need for rapid quantitative methods for these elements in industrial and natural materials. Using a PV-1 polarograph, the authors studied zirconyl chloride in water, methanol, ethanol, water…
A titrimetric procedure is proposed for determining small amounts of copper in non-ferrous metal ores, intended as a faster alternative to a previously described gravimetric Reinecke salt method. Copper is reduced to the monovalent state with potassium chlorostannite, precipitated as a Reinecke salt…
This paper examines the role of titanium dioxide in the crystallization and structure formation of glass crystalline materials in the Li2O, Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2 system. A series of glass compositions was melted and studied by the polythermal method, with crystallization behavior related to calculated r…
This study evaluates the use of 1,2-pyridylazo-2-naphthol for photocolorimetric determination of small amounts of cobalt, with particular reference to potential analysis of copper nickel sulfide ores. The authors synthesized the reagent, prepared cobalt sulfate standards, extracted the cobalt comple…
This paper examines the combustion of an illuminating gas mixture in a two-cone flame, focusing on the order in which its components burn and how this order changes with the excess-air coefficient. The authors separate and analyze intercone gases at different heights in a flame tube, compare measure…
This paper addresses the preparation of potassium fluorozirconate and fluorohafnate from hydrochloric acid liquors obtained after lime decomposition and leaching of zirconium concentrate, with attention to simplifying the conversion of zirconium and hafnium compounds into double fluoride salts. The …
This paper examines discrepancies between isotope vapor pressure ratios measured directly by the differential method and indirectly by Rayleigh distillation, focusing on boron trifluoride and methane. The authors argue that nonequilibrium evaporation during Rayleigh experiments can introduce a kinet…
This study examines the ion-exchange behavior of titanium and zirconium in hydrochloric acid solutions using KU-2 cation-exchange resin in the hydrogen form, with emphasis on gram-scale quantities and varying Ti:Zr ratios. Column experiments measured sorption from hydrochloric acid media and photoco…
This study examines the chlorination of several zirconium compounds, including zirconium oxychloride, zirconium dioxide, zircon, and calcium zirconate, with the aim of evaluating zirconium oxychloride as a possible intermediate for producing zirconium tetrachloride. Experiments were conducted in a t…
This paper reports experimental measurements of heat transfer during condensation of saturated acetone vapor on vertical shell-and-tube condenser surfaces. Smooth tubes and two low-finned rolled-tube bundles with equal fin height and different fin pitch were tested, with temperatures and flow rates …
This paper examines the use of peat as both a carbonaceous reducing agent and a binder in preparing ore briquettes for fixed-bed chlorination of natural mineral concentrates. Drawing on the reactivity, low ash content, availability, and binding properties of peat, the authors prepared peat-ore briqu…
This study examines peat-based fuel-smelting materials intended for iron ore processing, focusing on how the grinding fineness of added ore and fluxes affects their properties during molding and pyrolysis. Raw peat specimens were formed with 3, 6, or 10 percent ore and corresponding flux additions, …
This paper describes the preparation and preliminary therapeutic evaluation of a mercury-containing complex compound of dimedrol, an antihistamine, with potassium mercuric rhodanide for potential use in psoriasis. The authors synthesize the compound by combining aqueous dimedrol with potassium mercu…
This paper investigates complex compounds of 8-hydroxyquinoline with mercury salts as potential topical agents for psoriasis treatment, motivated by the therapeutic activity but high toxicity and irritancy of existing mercury preparations. The authors synthesized two 1:1 complexes, with potassium me…
This study examines the amino acid composition and electrophoretic heterogeneity of cereal proteins, including wheat and rye gliadins, barley hordein, oat avenin, wheatgrass pyrein, and wheat and rye glutenins. Amino acids were determined by two-dimensional paper partition chromatography, with trypt…
This study examines whether organic sulfides can replace or supplement tetraethylthiuram disulfide in the alkaline maturation of sulfur-regulated polychloroprene latex by cleaving polysulfide bonds and increasing rubber plasticity. Various xanthates, xanthogen disulfides, dithiocarbamates, thiurams,…
This paper examines thermal briquetting of milled peat as a potential route to metallurgical lump fuel, with particular attention to blast-furnace use with or without preliminary coking. Laboratory experiments on Tagan deposit peat varied heating temperature and briquetting pressure, then measured c…
This study examines complex formation between the pyrazolone derivatives antipyrine and pyramidon and selected aromatic compounds, including chloro-, bromo-, and iodobenzene, diphenyl, and diphenyl ether. Complexes with halogenobenzenes were prepared by heating the components under reflux and charac…
This paper investigates low-temperature electrical breakdown in p-type germanium under uniaxial compression, motivated by anomalously low breakdown voltages observed in some thin germanium samples. The authors measure Hall effect and current-voltage characteristics under compression along the [111] …
This paper examines the composition and yield of phenols in tar obtained from medium-temperature coking of Kuznetsk gas coal, with particular attention to lower phenols of industrial value. Phenols were extracted from the tar distillate boiling up to 340 degrees using water, alkali treatment, acid d…
This study examines the liquid p-nitrosodimethylaniline and pyridine binary system, previously reported by thermal analysis to form a compound with four pyridine molecules per nitrosodimethylaniline molecule. Electrical conductivity, viscosity, and density were measured across composition at 30, 70,…
The paper addresses the evaluation of ash slag formation in solid fuels for gasification, noting that standard ash fusibility tests do not adequately reflect gas-generator conditions. It presents a simplified apparatus and accelerated procedure based on the VNIGI method, combining thermal preparatio…
This note studies the high energy asymptotics of the spectral function for a class of constant coefficient hypoelliptic differential operators in two variables on a bounded plane domain. Using Carleman’s method, Laplace transforms of the spectral function, and Tauberian theorems of Karamata and Gane…
This study examines the use of technical hydrolysis lignin, a wood hydrolysis waste product, as a partial substitute for phenol and formaldehyde in pulver-bakelite-type resins for shell precision casting. Lignophenol-formaldehyde resins were synthesized while varying lignin-to-phenol ratio, formalin…
This study examines the preparation of pulver-bakelite type phenol-formaldehyde resins in which phenol is partly replaced by activated hydrolysis lignin, a lower-cost material with functional group content similar to alkali lignin. Hydrolysis lignin was activated with sodium hydroxide under pressure…
This paper examines the use of water-soluble humates, specifically sodium and ammonium salts of humic acids from peat or humic brown coal, as coagulants for acidic suspensions formed during hydrolysis of salts of iron, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium. It explains the proposed coagulation mechanism…
This study examines the synthesis of 9-(beta-hydroxyethyl)carbazole as an intermediate for preparing 9-vinylcarbazole, a monomer used in heat-resistant high-frequency dielectric polymers. The authors investigate the effects of solvent, temperature, catalyst, and reagent ratio on the reaction of carb…
This study examines the copolymerization of butadiene-1,3 with 2,3-dimethylbutadiene-1,3 in the presence of anionic, cationic, and complex organometallic catalysts. Using carbon-14 labeled butadiene, glass-transition measurements, copolymer composition analysis, and infrared spectroscopy, the author…
This study examines the acetylation of 9-ethylcarbazole as a route to 9-ethyl-3,6-diacetylcarbazole, a precursor of interest for the synthesis of divinylcarbazoles and heat-resistant polymers. The authors varied reaction temperature, quantities of anhydrous aluminum chloride, acetyl chloride, and be…
This study examines alternative catalysts for the acetylation of carbazole with acetic anhydride, motivated by the hazards of using hydrochloric acid despite its high activity. The authors compare anhydrous salts of hydrochloric, phosphoric, and sulfuric acids under varied conditions and assess form…
The paper studies the Cauchy problem for higher order parabolic equations containing a small parameter, with initial data having a jump discontinuity across a hyperplane. It analyzes the behavior of the solution as the parameter tends to zero, showing convergence to the corresponding first order lim…
A series of chlorine-substituted esters of diphenic acid was prepared in connection with the search for potential insecticidal compounds. The work applies metal-halide-catalyzed esterification using trichloroethanol, diphenic anhydride, or diphenoyl chloride, followed in some cases by reaction of th…
This paper reports the synthesis of aliphatic aromatic and aromatic esters of diphenic acid, compounds considered of potential practical interest as plasticizers and biologically active agents. Acidic alkyl esters prepared from diphenic anhydride were esterified with phenols or substituted phenols i…
This paper addresses the utilization of phenanthrene from coal tar by developing preparative routes to useful oxidation products, especially 2′-formyldiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid and diphenic anhydride. The authors modify phenanthrene ozonolysis by using methanol mixed with dichloroethane or carbon te…
This study addresses the limited characterization of aromatic esters of 4(5)-nitroimidazole-5(4)-carboxylic acid, motivated by the possibility that phenyl substituents could alter the properties of previously studied aliphatic esters. The authors prepared phenyl, ortho-, meta-, and para-nitrophenyl,…
This paper describes an optical method for measuring the melting temperature of graphite under pressures up to 40,000 atm, extending earlier measurements made up to 3000 atm. The apparatus combines a high-pressure chamber with a photoelectric recording system and uses compressed sodium chloride as b…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of acylaminoanthraquinone dyes derived from 2,2′-diphenic acid, motivated by the use of phenanthrene oxidation products in industrial organic synthesis. Monoanthraquinonylamides, dianthraquinonylamides, and mixed diamides were prepared by acylati…
This paper reviews and extends routes for using carbazole, a coal-tar heterocycle available in large potential quantities, as a raw material for high-molecular-weight compounds. It evaluates established syntheses of 9-vinylcarbazole, especially acetylene vinylation, and reports alternative approache…
This paper surveys the use of phenanthrene oxidation products, especially diphenic acid, diphenic anhydride, and 2-formyldiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid, as starting materials for organic synthesis. By analogy with phthalic acid chemistry, the author describes the preparation of numerous esters, arylamid…
This paper examines a possible origin of the asymmetric doublet intensities observed in Mössbauer absorption spectra of powdered organotin and related tin compounds. It develops a theoretical treatment of quadrupole splitting in crystalline electric fields, averaging the angular dependence of transi…
This paper proposes a general stepwise mechanism for the radiolysis of dilute aqueous solutions of aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds, including thiophene, pyridine, furan, benzene, and pyrrole. Using gamma irradiation experiments with product analysis by nephelometry and ultraviolet and infrared…
This paper develops a qualitative method for analyzing strong resonance near the origin in a nonlinear, periodically time-dependent planar system with analytic nonlinear terms. By transforming the system to complex variables and reducing it to canonical form, it identifies resonant terms associated …
This note studies boundary behavior of univalent mappings of simply connected plane domains through the theory of prime ends, focusing on metric conditions under which sets of prime ends correspond to boundary sets of measure zero. It defines sets of prime ends of generalized measure zero using cove…
The paper examines why compounds of the type MXk-2Y2 sometimes exhibit multiple geometrical isomers and sometimes appear as only one stable form. Using the maximum overlap method, the authors estimate relative stabilities by comparing overlap matrices for square, octahedral, distorted tetrahedral, t…
This paper investigates the origin of negative potential shifts that arise when ethanol is introduced into electrolyte solutions contacting a platinized platinum electrode. Using potential relaxation measurements, electrode washing, charging curves, pH variation, and oxidation-rate observations, the…
This paper examines why cyclopentadiene reacts differently with vinyl and isopropenyl-type dienophiles in diene synthesis, particularly the contrasting endo and exo adduct preferences of methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate. Using a linear free energy comparison of rate constants for reactions wi…
Infrared spectroscopy was used to examine elementary processes occurring during acidification of sodium tungstate solutions and to clarify the mechanism of sodium paratungstate formation. Spectra of solid tungsten compounds and acidified solutions were compared in regions corresponding to tungstate …
