SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This article analyzes copying errors in single-coordinate hydraulic tracer systems used to automate lathes, focusing on transient copying modes under aperiodic stability. It formulates the error as a function of hydraulic cylinder force and copying speed, then linearizes the system’s static stiffnes…
This paper develops a calculation method for profiling cylindrical cams with an axial pointed follower when the follower acceleration and pressure angle, equivalent here to the cam transmission angle, are prescribed. It derives design formulas for elliptical arc profiles, including limiting cases in…
This article addresses the lack of unified terminology, classification, and notation for kinematic pairs in the theory of mechanisms and machines. It compares existing definitions and argues for the concise definition of a kinematic pair as the connection of two links, then favors classification by …
This paper compares the operating characteristics and sensitivity of several types of dynamic balancing machines used for rotating masses in high-speed machinery. The authors propose a classification based on operating principle, review relevant vibration relations for resonance and superresonance m…
This paper proposes and evaluates a methodology for measuring residual stresses in thin-walled tubular pressure-gauge springs, where conventional ring-diameter measurement methods are unsuitable because of low rigidity and imperfect ring geometry. Adapting Davidenkov’s method for closed rings, it in…
This paper develops a model for porous gas electrodes in which electrochemical reaction occurs on broad pores emptied of electrolyte, while ionic current is carried through narrow electrolyte-filled pores. Using a one-dimensional treatment for hydrogen ionization at small polarization, the analysis …
This paper examines deformation in the surface layers of contacting solid bodies, focusing on rough surfaces whose discrete microcontacts undergo primary plastic and secondary elastic deformation under compression. Using high magnification deformation measurements on steel and tin coated specimens, …
This study investigates annular shearing in mechanical safety disks used in rubber-heating rolls, where failure load depends on the thickness and geometry of the sheared section. Experiments on grooved and grooveless steel disks recorded load and punch indentation while varying shear-section thickne…
This paper addresses how to model rough surfaces for calculating contact deformation and strength in machine parts, where real microprotrusions have irregular shapes that make direct analysis difficult. It reviews earlier modeling approaches and reports compression experiments on rough surfaces usin…
This article examines how normal pressure acting on a shear plane increases resistance to shear, a problem relevant to friction and to the strength calculation of machine parts. It argues that the increase arises from two separable factors: material strengthening caused by plastic compression, and a…
This paper addresses the difficulty of localizing fixed-frequency peaks in the noise spectra of high-speed diesel engines, where ordinary microphones are insufficiently directional and surrounding sound fields are highly nonuniform. It proposes using a cylindrical, sound-absorbing tube attachment on…
This paper examines practical difficulties in measuring and assessing workplace vibrations produced by vibrating machines in reinforced-concrete-products plants. Using calibrated electrodynamic transducers, electronic amplifiers, pointer instrumentation, and oscillographic recording, the study measu…
This paper examines the static behavior of a closed liquid cooling system for internal combustion engines as an object of automatic temperature control. Starting from Newtonian heat transfer relations for the engine and radiator, it derives analytical equations linking inlet and outlet coolant tempe…
This paper investigates why reported yields of echinopsine from seeds of Echinops species vary sharply with extraction and alkalization conditions. By comparing ammonia, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide treatments, followed by chromatographic separation and UV and IR spectral analysis, the aut…
This paper presents the design, calculation, and testing of a prototype electrostatic ignition generator for internal combustion engines, proposed as an alternative to battery and magneto ignition systems whose output voltage varies with speed and is sensitive to spark plug leakage. The authors desc…
The paper examines piston friction as a possible contributor to the damping or excitation of resonant torsional vibrations in internal combustion engine crankshafts, addressing the inadequacy of energy balances based only on shaft hysteresis and hydrodynamic bearing losses. It derives expressions fo…
This paper examines qualitative criteria for estimating the solubility of alloying elements in dispersion-hardening iron-base alloys, with particular attention to iron, cobalt, and tungsten systems. Building on Kornilov’s hypothesis that temperature-dependent solubility is related to changes in atom…
This study examines how cobalt content affects the static bending strength of cast high-speed steels intended for cutting-tool applications. Experimental heats with varying carbon, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, and cobalt contents were induction melted, titanium treated, centrifugally cast, tempered…
This paper examines how image forces and asymmetric Debye atmospheres modify charge distribution in the electric double layer, extending the Gouy-Chapman approach to cases with a nonzero interfacial potential. The authors introduce an additional ion energy term into the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, u…
This study examines cobalt alloying in centrifugally cast high-speed steels containing about 20 percent tungsten and 5 percent vanadium, with the aim of improving cast cutting tools made in metal molds. Experimental heats with cobalt contents up to 26.81 percent were cast, tempered, and evaluated by…
This paper examines the production of cast blanks for blanking die matrices and punches as an alternative to forged blanks made from high chromium tool steels. It describes laboratory remelting of Kh12 type steel scrap and worn die parts in a high frequency crucible furnace, followed by deoxidation,…
This study applies cinematographic methods to investigate chip formation during metal cutting across brittle and ductile materials, including cast irons, brass, steels, copper, and aluminum alloy. Experiments combined high-speed filming at medium cutting speeds with low-speed planing tests, in some …
This study examines the dynamics of cutting gray and ductile cast irons at very low cutting speeds, where temperature effects, tool wear, and measuring-apparatus inertia are minimized. Using planing tests on a horizontal milling machine with a two-component dynamometer and oscillograph recording, th…
This paper examines chip breaking during turning with lathe tools having special chamfered facets on the rake face along the main and auxiliary cutting edges. Experiments on steel 45 specimens varied feed, depth of cut, chamfer width, cutting speed, cooling, workpiece diameter, and tool wear, and ma…
This study reports the preparation and structural examination of previously undescribed unsaturated derivatives of the cyclotrisilazane ring. Vinyl-substituted cyclosilazanes were synthesized by ammonolysis of methylvinyldichlorosilane and by co-ammonolysis with dimethyldichlorosilane, yielding seve…
This paper examines the commonly used assumption that normal stresses on a cutting tool rake face follow a triangular distribution, placing the chip pressure center at one third of the chip contact width from the tool tip. Using Zorev’s chip equilibrium relation and experimental cutting data for hig…
The paper studies bifurcation points of an analytic nonlinear equation in a complex Banach space, where the linear part is given by a completely continuous operator and the nonlinear term is of higher order near the origin. It proves a linearization principle: a parameter value is a bifurcation poin…
This paper examines built-up edge formation during steel cutting with tools having a shortened rake face, or chamfer, a tool geometry known to improve durability and alter contact conditions. Drawing on microscopic, metallographic, force measurement, and comparative experimental data, it argues that…
This paper reports comparative tool life tests of 17 mm high speed steel drills produced by sector rolling and by conventional milling, motivated by the potential productivity and material savings of rolling. Drills made from R18 and R9 steels were tested on a vertical drilling machine while drillin…
This paper examines how adding proton donors changes the polarographic reduction mechanism of quinones, nitro compounds, and related substances in the nonprotogenic solvent dimethylformamide. It argues that the strong positive shift of the second reduction wave, with little change in the first, is b…
This study examines the low-temperature dehydrogenation of cyclohexane under the combined action of ionizing radiation and oxide catalysts with different electronic properties. Cyclohexane adsorbed on oxides including silica gel, alumina, aluminosilicate, zirconia, magnesia, zinc oxide, and nickel o…
The paper derives an integral representation with a holomorphic kernel for functions holomorphic in bounded convex domains of complex n-dimensional space and continuous on the closure. Under smoothness and nondegeneracy assumptions on a defining function of the domain, the author proves the formula …
This note studies cardinal properties of dyadic spaces, that is, completely regular spaces admitting a dyadic compact extension. Using representations of fibers under continuous maps from generalized Cantor discontinua and a lemma on closures of unions of layers with bounded base cardinality, the pa…
This study investigates the initiation mechanism of ethylene polymerization catalyzed by a soluble Ziegler-type complex formed from bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium dichloride and dimethylaluminum chloride. Using visible absorption spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and kinetic measurements…
This study examines the association and structure of aliphatic organolithium complexes, focusing on how the CH2,Li group participates in bonding and aggregation. Infrared spectra were measured for isotopically substituted ethyllithium and several higher n-alkyllithium compounds in vapor, solution, a…
This paper studies classes of functions in \(L_p\) on the real line, and briefly in the periodic case, through estimates for symmetric finite differences and their Fourier analytic characterization. Using Fourier transform methods associated with Butzer, it proves uniqueness under smallness conditio…
This note studies an infinite system of linear algebraic equations whose coefficients define convolution and Hankel type operators, with solutions sought in the Banach space of sequences growing no faster than a fixed polynomial. The system is reformulated as a Carleman type boundary value problem f…
Electronic absorption spectroscopy is evaluated as a method for probing the nature and polarity of carbon, alkali metal bonds in living polymer carbanions and related organometallic compounds. Spectra were measured for alkali metal derivatives formed from dienes, styrene, 1,1-diphenylethylene, anthr…
This paper examines the mechanism of the destructive 1948 Ashgabat earthquake using seismological, macroseismic, leveling, triangulation, and aftershock data from the Kopet-Dag and Pre-Kopetdag trough region. It argues against a predominantly vertical rupture and interprets the event as mainly horiz…
The paper extends the method of successive improvement of a feasible vector from linear programming to convex programming problems with linear equality constraints and nonnegativity restrictions, formulated as maximization of a twice continuously differentiable concave function. Using Kuhn-Tucker op…
This note extends a previously established characterization of inversion complexity from individual Boolean functions to systems of Boolean functions. It defines breaks and the fall of a system along increasing sequences of Boolean vectors, then proves that the inversion complexity of any finite sys…
This study examines dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate as an initiator for reactions of silicon hydrides with unsaturated compounds, aiming to avoid the high temperatures or catalyst limitations associated with earlier methods. Methyldichlorosilane was reacted with allyl acetate, allyl chloride, and dec…
This paper examines how structural defects can form in crystals under ionizing radiation, especially when incident electron energies are near or below the threshold for ordinary elastic atomic displacements. Using slow electrons in valence crystals as an example, the authors argue that ejection of i…
This study examines the mechanism of benzene oxidation using isotopic labeling and low-voltage mass spectrometry to detect whether phenyl radicals participate in reactions of mixed deuterated and protonated benzene. Benzene was oxidized with Fenton’s reagent, pernitrous acid, acidic permanganate, an…
This paper studies embedding theorems for functions on unbounded domains whose highest order derivatives need not be p-summable in the usual sense, but are p-summable with weights that decay at infinity. It introduces weighted Sobolev-type spaces on Euclidean space, the half-space, and boundary hype…
This paper develops an X-ray diffraction approach to describing nematic and smectic liquid-crystal structures through radial, cylindrical, and linear distribution functions. The authors relate molecular packing, orientational order, antiparallel arrangements, and smectic layering to statistical symm…
This study examines how the radioactivity of molybdenum anhydride containing molybdenum-99 affects its specific surface area. Nine samples prepared under identical conditions with different specific activities were measured by rarefied-air filtration using Deryagin’s method and by krypton adsorption…
Electron paramagnetic resonance was used to study liquid and supercooled acidic solutions of pentavalent molybdenum compounds, including molybdenyl chloride and pentamolybdenyl sulfate, as well as solutions in nonpolar solvents. Measurements at 9320 and 300 MHz over 77 to 380 K characterized g facto…
This paper establishes Schauder-type boundary a priori estimates of order 2 plus alpha for the third boundary-value problem for second-order parabolic equations with conormal derivative boundary conditions. Under Hölder regularity, parabolicity, smoothness of the lateral boundary, and compatibility …
