SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This paper examines the use of infrared absorption band intensities and polarizations for studying the structure and interactions of polyatomic molecules. It argues that, unlike vibrational frequencies, band intensities depend not only on force fields, geometry, and atomic masses, but also on electr…
This paper reports measurements of electrostatic field strength near the surfaces of Soviet geophysical rockets flying in the ionosphere during three experiments in 1957 and 1958. Using pairs of electrostatic fluxmeters mounted on opposite sides of the rocket body, the study analyzes measured fields…
This paper investigates electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of divalent silver compounds, focusing on unresolved questions about exchange interactions and covalent bonding with ligands. Measurements on crystalline powders, frozen aqueous solutions, and acid solutions at several frequencies and t…
This paper examines the origin of narrow fine absorption and emission lines at the low-temperature fundamental absorption edge of cadmium sulfide, comparing them with the broader lines of freely moving excitons. Using absorption, resonance emission, phonon sideband structure, and illumination-depend…
This paper reports a reaction of primary and primary-secondary o-phenylenediamines with violuric acid under neutral or acetic acid conditions to form ureides of 2-hydroxyquinoxaline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives. The authors prepare and characterize products from 4,5-dimethyl-1,2-diaminobenzene and …
The paper studies second-order differential equations in a Banach space with time-dependent unbounded operators, including linear, nonlinear, and singularly perturbed problems. Using evolution operators associated with first-order equations and integral representations, it proves existence and uniqu…
This study examines isotopic hydrogen exchange between hydrocarbons catalyzed by alkoxides in electron-donor solvents, with the aim of testing whether exchange rates can indicate solvent ability to solvate cations in carbanion-forming systems. Deuterium exchange was measured for indene with deuterat…
This paper reports calorimetric measurements of the heats of thermal decomposition of dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate in several media and dimethyl peroxydicarbonate in dibutyl phthalate, together with supporting thermochemical determinations. Heats of combustion, sublimation, and solution were measu…
This study addresses the prolongation of penicillin action by chemically associating penicillins with water-soluble polymer macromolecules whose chain length may regulate residence time in the organism. Copolymers of vinyl alcohol and vinylamine were prepared via copolymerization and hydrazine treat…
This note studies spectral properties of non-self-adjoint differential operators with complex potentials, chiefly a half-line Sturm-Liouville operator with complex boundary condition and an analogous three-dimensional Schrödinger operator. Using properties of the Weyl function, zeros of the Jost-fun…
This note studies differentiability properties of Fourier series in generalized spherical functions for functions on the three parameter domain associated with the sphere. It introduces Sobolev type Hilbert spaces defined through the differential operators B1, B2, and B3, proves density of generaliz…
This study addresses discrepancies in reported standard heats of formation for niobium pentoxide and tantalum pentoxide, attributed largely to insufficient characterization of impurities in metal samples. The authors determined heats of combustion by oxygen bomb calorimetry using two independently p…
This study investigates the gas corrosion of iron by combining measurements of oxygen uptake kinetics with contact potential difference measurements using a vibrating capacitor method. Experiments on reduced iron surfaces show that oxygen chemisorption initially forms a limiting passive oxide film, …
This study examines structural changes in polyethylene during thermal degradation using infrared spectroscopy. High-density, low-density, and radiation-polymerized polyethylene samples with different degrees of branching were pyrolyzed in vacuum at 300 to 415°C, and changes in vinyl, vinylidene, tra…
The study examines the addition of diisobutylaluminum hydride and triisobutylaluminum to vinylacetylene, focusing on the direction of addition in an enyne system. Reaction products after demetallation were analyzed by gas analysis, chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, bromination, condensation wit…
The paper solves an extremal problem for algebraic polynomials with real coefficients normalized by maximum modulus one on the interval [0,1], determining which polynomial maximizes the modulus of the real or imaginary part at a prescribed complex point. Using interval functionals associated with th…
This paper develops a theoretical description of chemical reactions conducted in a chromatographic regime, where pulse introduction of a reactant into a carrier gas is combined with separation on a stationary phase. For first-order homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic reactions, the authors formu…
This paper reports new reactions leading to nitroso compounds, beginning with the unexpected formation of difluorochloronitrosomethane during treatment of nitrodifluoroacetic acid derivatives with hydrochloric acid. The authors propose a mechanism involving decarboxylation to an aci-nitro intermedia…
This study investigates shifts in thermoluminescence glow maxima of high-pressure polyethylene irradiated at 77 K with fast electrons, using the maxima as indicators of molecular mobility and the transition into the rubbery-elastic state. Measurements over varying radiation doses and heating rates s…
The paper studies associative algebras with polynomial identities over a field of characteristic zero and special Lie algebras admitting faithful embeddings into associative PI-algebras. It describes a basis for the T-ideal generated by the third-degree commutator, using Specht bases and related mod…
The paper studies identical transformations of regular expressions, formulated as the problem of finding complete systems of identities for algebras of regular sets over an alphabet under union, product, and closure. It constructs a finite system of identities for the algebras whose elements are reg…
This paper examines the relation between molecular weight, the second virial coefficient, and polymer coil dimensions in good solvents, focusing on tests of competing thermodynamic theories for linear macromolecules. Using light scattering with double extrapolation, and accounting for excluded-volum…
This study uses electron microscopy to examine how the conformation of poly-gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate macromolecules affects supramolecular structure formation after evaporation from different solvents. Solutions in benzene and chloroform, where chains are assigned to alpha-helical conformations, and…
This study examines how molecular structure affects the radiation chemical stability of selected heterocyclic compounds, including furan, pyrrole, thiophene, and pyridine. Using low temperature irradiation and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, the authors measured radical accumulation as…
The paper addresses linear ill-posed equations with a continuous operator whose inverse is unbounded, emphasizing the instability caused when approximate data fall outside the range corresponding to an a priori compact set of admissible solutions. It proposes replacing exact solvability by the notio…
This paper reports a platinum-catalyzed cleavage of pyrazoline rings involving rupture of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond, observed during studies of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. Pyrazolines lacking a substituent at position 3, such as 5-phenylpyrazoline and 4-isopropyl-5-isobutylpyrazoli…
This note develops a module-theoretic formulation of special radicals of associative rings, extending the familiar descriptions of the Jacobson and Baer radicals via irreducible and primary modules. It defines special classes of modules, the associated radical as an intersection of annihilators, and…
This paper extends Mal’tsev’s results on discrete groups with the maximality condition for abelian subgroups to bicompact topological groups. It proves that a bicompact solvable group satisfying the maximality condition for abelian subgroups also satisfies the maximality condition for all subgroups,…
The paper develops a vector generalization of a Sommerfeld integral method for diffraction problems and applies it to the electromagnetic field produced by an electric dipole inside a wedge with ideally conducting faces. Formulating the problem through the electric Hertz vector, the authors use symm…
This study examines the composition, formation, and physicochemical properties of intermediate oxygen compounds in the MoO3, MoO2 system. Samples prepared by solid-state reactions, partial hydrogen reduction, and dehydration of lower molybdenum hydroxide compounds were annealed in evacuated quartz a…
The paper characterizes standard Markov processes in Euclidean space whose exit distributions from domains are dominated by those of Brownian motion and which satisfy a local nondegeneracy condition. It proves a converse to the evident property of subprocesses of the Wiener process under random time…
This study examines isotope effects on thermodynamic properties of liquid deuterated compounds, including benzene, ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol, compared with their ordinary hydrogen analogues. Heat capacities at constant pressure were measured by adiabatic calorimetry, and heat capacities…
This paper addresses the limited and inconsistent characterization of dialkyltin compounds, particularly aliphatic derivatives for which reliable preparative methods had been lacking. The authors describe a synthesis of analytically pure di-n-butyltin and diethyltin by reacting anhydrous stannous ch…
This paper describes a gas phase method for preparing germanium, silicon solid solutions, using selenium vapor as a solvent component rather than conventional melting. The authors base the procedure on measured dissolution rates of germanium and silicon in selenium vapor and carry out crystallizatio…
The paper studies small time periodic perturbations of a planar autonomous Hamiltonian system with a center, focusing on trajectories near resonant closed orbits whose unperturbed period is rationally related to the forcing period. By introducing action angle type variables, rescaling near a resonan…
The paper studies a measure-preserving dynamical system on the unit square associated with the distribution of fractional parts of a quadratic polynomial, extending Khinchin’s earlier system for linear functions. Using Fourier expansions in L2 and the irrationality of a fixed parameter, it proves th…
This paper studies quasianalytic classes of infinitely differentiable functions of several variables defined by bounds on mixed derivatives. It extends a previously proved criterion for quasianalyticity of type I from the whole plane to arbitrary domains, showing that the class is quasianalytic exac…
This study examines how deliberately introduced halide impurities affect the catalytic activity and selectivity of purified silver in ethylene oxidation. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine were deposited on the silver surface over a range of coverages, and rate constants for total oxidation, et…
This paper extends results on the double-layer potential from Radon’s plane domains to a broader class of plane and spatial domains with irregular boundaries. The authors impose a uniform boundedness condition on the absolute variation of the spherical projection of the boundary, a condition includi…
This paper calculates radiative corrections of order e4 and e4 ln e2 to the Cherenkov radiation losses of charged particles in a medium, beyond the classical Tamm, Frank, and Fermi result and the usual recoil correction. Using a Green function formulation, the particle energy loss is obtained from t…
This note studies criteria for when a line bundle, described as a fibred space of lines, gives projective embeddings of complete algebraic varieties. It extends a previously stated positivity criterion from nonsingular complete varieties to arbitrary complete varieties by defining an inductive degre…
This paper analyzes the Mössbauer effect for gamma radioactive impurity nuclei in dilute substitutional solid solutions at low temperatures, focusing on how the impurity to solvent mass ratio affects the phononless emission intensity. To avoid solving the full vibrational problem for a nonideal latt…
A continuous countercurrent ion exchange process is proposed for separating ions with similar properties, using two moving bed columns in which the cation exchanger and solution flow in opposite directions. The method is based on maintaining stationary conversion fronts through suitable choice of di…
The paper examines regularities in butadiene polymerization in benzene under a homogeneous cobalt catalytic system consisting of a cobalt chloride pyridine complex and diisobutylaluminum chloride. Kinetic measurements over 5 to 50 °C show a short induction period, an overall activation energy of abo…
This note studies finite pi d-groups through the number of conjugacy classes of noninvariant pi d-subgroups, using the associated notions of pi-rank and pi-type. Building on earlier work and applying results of Schmidt, Burnside, Chunikhin, the Trofimov-Toropov lemma, and Trofimov’s method of inters…
The paper studies conditions ensuring the existence of wave operators for pairs of self-adjoint operators, with emphasis on cases where trace class assumptions apply only to functions of the operators rather than to their difference. It proves that if the difference of the inverse operators is nucle…
This note addresses a question of S. L. Sobolev concerning the possible domains of membership of a function in fractional Sobolev, or Slobodetskii, spaces \(W_p^{(r)}(D)\), described in terms of the parameters \(\mu=r-n/p\) and \(r\). Using embedding and interpolation properties, such domains are kn…
The paper studies a Hilbert boundary value problem for an analytic function in a finite domain whose boundary condition couples values at a boundary point with values at its image under a Carleman shift. The authors reduce the problem to a singular integral equation and an associated system, establi…
