SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
Electron paramagnetic resonance was used to study liquid aqueous and glycerol solutions containing pentavalent chromium produced by partial reduction of hexavalent chromium compounds in boiling glycerol. Measurements at 9320 and 450 MHz over 295 to 360 K showed narrow Lorentzian lines for Cr52 and r…
The paper investigates infrared electroluminescence in cuprous oxide, distinguishing emission observed with positive parent copper from a second type produced when a metallic electrode, especially aluminum, acts as the cathode. Using oxidized copper and separated cuprous oxide plates with transparen…
This study examines the radiolytic reduction of divalent palladium in aerated aqueous solutions of several palladium salts under high energy electron irradiation. Using optical density measurements and gravimetric determination of precipitated metal, the authors measured radiation chemical yields fo…
This study examines how polar additives affect radical copolymerization of methacrylic acid with methyl methacrylate and with styrene, focusing on changes in copolymer composition and monomer reactivity ratios. Viscometric measurements indicated interaction between methacrylic acid and dimethylforma…
This study examines the mechanism of the Demjanov reaction in the deamination of cyclohexylamine, with particular attention to whether the cyclohexyl cation undergoes rearrangement before capture by solvent. Cyclohexylamine labeled with carbon-14 at the carbon bonded to nitrogen was synthesized, tre…
This note extends the critical point principle for even functionals on spheres to more general manifolds in Banach spaces defined by operator equations. Under reflexivity, boundedness, continuity, Lipschitz, and regularity assumptions on the functional and constraint operator, it proves first the ex…
This paper tests a key experimental claim supporting the Laval-Raman theory of crystal elasticity, which predicts unequal shear moduli for ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in contrast to classical elasticity. Using a pulsed ultrasonic method in the 30 to 90 MHz range on precisely oriented X- and Z-cut …
The paper studies infinite matrix operators acting between Orlicz coordinate spaces under row and column summability assumptions expressed through monotone functions. It develops auxiliary criteria for products of sequences in Orlicz spaces and proves a general continuity result for a class of coord…
This note studies normalized quasiconformal mappings of the \(n\)-dimensional unit ball for \(n>2\), motivated by Liouville’s theorem and Lavrent’ev’s question on whether mappings locally close to conformal ones are globally close to conformal mappings. It proves that, for distortion \(q\) sufficien…
The paper establishes norm inequalities for complex polynomials and entire functions of finite degree. For polynomials of degree at most n with no zeros inside the unit circle, it gives an Lp bound for the norm on the circle of radius R greater than 1 in terms of the norm on the unit circle, with th…
A synthetic route is described for higher aliphatic alpha-amino acids using 2-phenyl-4-(thenylidene)-5-oxazolones as intermediates, addressing limitations of Strecker syntheses and the need for higher aliphatic aldehydes in oxazolone methods. Thiophene aldehydes are condensed with hippuric acid to g…
The paper develops and tests a calculation formula for the heat-transfer coefficient during dropwise condensation of steam, reformulating an earlier geometric model so that it depends on the temperature head between the vapor and cooled wall. The derivation treats droplet growth through a heat balan…
This paper develops a theoretical and experimental treatment of heat transfer during dropwise condensation on nonwettable cooled surfaces. Modeling the process as steady heat conduction through condensate drops and the wall, it derives expressions for the heat-transfer coefficient in terms of drop-c…
This paper develops a similarity-theory treatment of heat transfer during steady dropwise condensation of pure vapor on cooled nonwetting surfaces. Starting from governing relations for heat transfer through drops, liquid heat conduction and motion, continuity, and phase-boundary conditions, the aut…
The paper addresses discrepancies between conventional adiabatic calculations of boiling water discharge and experimentally observed flow rates, which are often several times larger. It proposes a calculation method that introduces a specified degree of completion of vapor formation, accounts for su…
This paper investigates the motion of solid spherical particles transported by air flow in a horizontal pipe, focusing on particle velocity along established trajectories and on factors not resolved by earlier mean-velocity studies. Experiments used a rectangular glass-walled pipe, wooden balls of v…
The paper studies the topology of quotient spaces of locally bicompact groups by closed subgroups, using Yamabe’s reduction to projective Lie groups and inverse limit decompositions by compact normal divisors. It establishes a structural representation in which finite-dimensional quotients fiber loc…
The paper examines how to compare the thermal efficiency of electric and turbine drives for feed pumps at thermal power stations, particularly under high steam parameter conditions where turbine drives may appear advantageous. It argues that conventional comparisons based only on drive efficiencies …
This paper analyzes the efficiency of a pair of counter-rotating axial rotors in pumps, fans, and compressor stages operating with axial inlet to the first rotor and axial outlet from the second. Using mean annular element efficiency formulas and velocity-triangle relations, it compares counter-rota…
The paper derives stationary temperature distributions for several truncated bodies of revolution whose curved surface is held at a constant temperature and whose cutting plane is held at zero temperature. It solves Laplace’s equation by separation of variables, using Legendre polynomial expansions …
This paper derives the stationary temperature distribution in an infinite bar whose cross section is a circular segment, with the arc and chord held at fixed temperatures and the endpoints treated as insulated. Using a sequence of conformal mappings, the segment is transformed into a half-strip wher…
This paper studies analytic solutions of essentially nonlinear operator equations of the form in which the derivative with respect to the unknown lacks an inverse, a setting that includes bifurcation, resonance, and related critical cases. In a framework of complex Banach spaces, it gives conditions…
This paper experimentally evaluates a previously proposed formula for calculating the thermal conductivity of dry loose granular materials with rounded, spherical grains. Thermal conductivity was determined indirectly from measured thermal diffusivity and bulk density, using a one-dimensional heat-f…
This paper develops a calculation method for the thermal conductivity coefficient of dry bulk granular materials that aims to apply to both fine powdery and coarse-grained systems. The method models the material as an ordered tetrahedral packing of spherical grains with point contacts, and accounts …
This paper reports an experimental study of free-convection heat transfer from horizontal tube rows and tube bundles to air, addressing the dependence of the Nusselt number on Grashof number, tube spacing, bundle arrangement, and number of rows. Brass calorimetric tubes with internal electric heatin…
This paper addresses the calculation of temperature fields in rectangular anisotropic bodies with uniform internal heat generation and different heat transfer coefficients on different surfaces, a problem relevant to electrical engineering components such as magnetic cores and capacitors. The author…
This paper presents a method for solving two-dimensional heat conduction problems, illustrated for transient heat propagation in an infinite bar with rectangular or square cross section under boundary conditions of the first and third kinds. The approach separates the governing heat equation into co…
This paper develops calculation methods for complex heat exchangers composed of multiple simple exchangers connected in series, counterflow, parallel mixed arrangements, or combinations of these schemes. It derives equivalent heat exchanger relations using cooling and heating criteria, water equival…
This study examines the mutual influence of thorium and cerium(IV) nitrates during joint extraction with tributyl phosphate from nitric acid solutions. Using distribution measurements for aqueous and organic phases, the authors show that small amounts of cerium sharply reduce the thorium distributio…
This paper determines the space-time conditions under which an ideal gas can have a relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution in a gravitational field. By inserting the distribution function into the relativistic kinetic equation, it shows that gases containing particles with nonzero rest mass req…
The paper studies a class of one-dimensional nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations of the form \(u_{xx}-(A(u))_t=0\), where the coefficient of \(u_t\) vanishes at \(u=0\). Using uniformly parabolic regularizations, compactness arguments, integral identities, and maximum-principle comparisons, it …
This paper examines quantitative comparison of solvent effects on the long wavelength absorption maxima of merocyanine dyes, focusing on the concept of proportional sensitivity to solvents. Absorption spectra for several merocyanines were measured in a broad series of solvents and compared by plotti…
This paper develops results on best approximation of functions of several variables by entire functions of finite spherical degree in weighted spaces. After defining weighted \(L_p\) norms, partial moduli of continuity for groups of variables, and directional Sobolev derivatives, it establishes a di…
The paper studies generalized solutions of quasilinear elliptic equations under boundedness and uniform ellipticity conditions on the coefficient derivatives. It reformulates the Dirichlet problem as a fixed point equation in a Sobolev space and shows that the associated operator is a contraction, s…
This paper examines whether the Kármán constant used in turbulent viscosity formulations can provide a unified characterization for ocean waves and drift currents, despite earlier discrepancies between pipe-flow values and values inferred for wind waves. Using Ekman drift-current equations, empirica…
The paper examines how characteristics beyond mass and lifetime may be assigned to unstable particles when such particles are treated as virtual intermediate resonant states between stable initial and final particles. Using a nonrelativistic field-theoretic model with parity-nonconserving coupling, …
This study examines the solubility and phase behavior of sodium and potassium hydrides in their corresponding hydroxides, a subject previously known mainly from qualitative observations. Using thermometric analysis and high-temperature powder X-ray phase analysis, the authors investigated NaOH, NaH …
The study examines how ionizing radiation affects the catalytic dehydration of n-dodecyl alcohol over aluminum oxide and the isomerization of the resulting olefins. Experiments compared alumina irradiated in a nuclear reactor, alumina modified with calcium chloride containing radioactive calcium, an…
The study examines the mechanisms by which secondary products form during high-temperature cracking of ethane to ethylene at 800 to 880 degrees Celsius and low pressure. Ethane mixtures containing carbon-14-labeled ethylene were reacted in a turbulent reactor, and chromatographic analysis with radio…
This paper formulates a spherically symmetric diffusion problem for the dissolution of a solid particle whose moving boundary recedes as reaction products diffuse into a surrounding liquid volume bounded by a sphere with zero flux at its outer surface. By transforming the concentration equation and …
This paper studies self-adjoint operators in the orthogonal sum of two Hilbert spaces that extend closed Hermitian operators with finite deficiency numbers acting in the component spaces. Using boundary spaces and boundary operators, it characterizes Hermitian and self-adjoint simple couplings of ad…
This paper reexamines the accepted view that the yellow coloration of aqueous solutions of 1,1-dinitroalkanes and trinitromethane indicates the presence of a nonionized aci-form. Using ultraviolet absorption measurements for dinitromethane, 1,1-dinitroethane, and trinitromethane in alkaline, aqueous…
An iterative method is developed for arbitrary finite systems of linear inequalities, including inconsistent systems, using the maximal violation function and diminishing positive iteration coefficients with divergent sum. The method moves each iterate in the direction of the normal to a currently m…
This study examines the mechanism of oxidation of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, ionol, and the proposed rearrangement of its initially formed phenoxyl radical into a benzyl radical. Oxidized products were separated by paper chromatography and analyzed by infrared and electron paramagnetic resona…
Electron paramagnetic resonance was studied for tetravalent niobium chloride in low-temperature ethanolic glass and in liquid ethanolic solution, using material produced by incomplete reduction of niobium pentachloride. The glass at 77 K showed a resolved 16-component hyperfine spectrum from interac…
The study examines the reaction of 1-chloro-1-nitrosocyclohexane with butadiene-1,3, proposed to proceed by a diene-synthesis pathway followed by rearrangement to an unstable quaternary immonium salt. In benzene with absolute ethanol at room temperature, the reaction gave 3,6-dihydro-1,2-oxazine hyd…
This note develops cubature formulas for integrating functions over the unit ball in n-dimensional space, using surface integrals over concentric hyperspheres as generalized nodes. The construction reduces the determination of radii and coefficients to Gaussian and Markov-type one-dimensional quadra…
This paper generalizes the theory of differential equations with small multipliers at derivatives, previously developed by Tikhonov and Gradshtein, to systems in arbitrary linear topological spaces. It introduces notions of uniform asymptotic stability for parameterized equations and of the envelope…
