SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This paper examines how to estimate the aggregative stability of synthetic latexes, treating stability as primarily determined by the mechanical strength of structured protective adsorption layers around polymer particles. The authors develop a hydrodynamic argument for relating the energy required …
This paper examines the preparation and attempted resolution of asymmetric phosphonium compounds containing a chiral phosphorus atom. The authors develop a simpler route to asymmetric tertiary phosphines from phenylethylchlorophosphine and organomagnesium reagents, then convert these phosphines into…
This study examines the catalytic addition of triethoxy-, triethyl-, and related silanes to the conjugated diene ketone 6-methylhepta-3,5-dien-2-one in the presence of chloroplatinic acid. The reactions proceed selectively by 1,4-addition to form silyl vinyl ethers, which on acid hydrolysis give 6-m…
This paper presents new cotidal charts for the diurnal tidal constituents K1 and O1 in the Australo-Asian seas, a region where large and spatially variable tides had previously been generalized only with limited methods and data. Using harmonic constants from 650 coastal and island stations, the aut…
This study applies electron paramagnetic resonance to investigate photoinduced surface centers on powdered zinc oxide under ultraviolet and visible illumination, with varied temperature, vacuum, oxygen exposure, and adsorbed vapors. Illumination at 77 K produced signals at g = 1.964 and g = 2.018, w…
This paper examines whether detonation of gaseous explosive mixtures under water can serve as a source of elastic waves for marine seismic exploration, potentially reducing the high shock pressures associated with condensed explosives. The authors describe field experiments in the Sea of Azov using …
This study examines how a nitrogen atom adjacent to a conjugated enyne system affects the reactivity of the terminal triple bond in compounds of the type dialkylamino-1-buten-1-yne. Hydration reactions show that N,N-dimethyl- and N,N-diethyl-substituted ethynylvinylamines add water at room temperatu…
This paper studies stationary Gaussian sequences with the strong mixing property, formulated through the decay of the dependence coefficient between past and future sigma-algebras. Using an analytic characterization in terms of the spectral density, it gives necessary structural conditions: the dens…
This study examines the electrical properties of compositions formed by treating powdered metals with tetracyanoethylene vapors, producing thin polymeric chelate films on dispersed metal surfaces. Iron and silver powders were reacted under vacuum at elevated temperatures, pressed into specimens, and…
This paper studies when unions of spaces with strongly paracompact subspaces or closures inherit strong paracompactness, in analogy with known results for paracompact spaces. It proves a general preservation theorem for locally finite open coverings under suitable hereditary and additivity assumptio…
The paper studies when a continuous function of one linear form, interpreted as a plane wave in a prescribed direction, can be uniformly approximated on a domain in Euclidean space by finite sums of continuous functions of other linear forms whose directions belong to a fixed set. It introduces an a…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of 2-phenyl-4-azabenz(f)-indandione-1,3, a heterocyclic analog of indandione-1,3, motivated by interest in relationships between indandione structure and biological activity. The authors prepare the compound from the lactone of 2-oxymethylquinoli…
The paper studies first and second boundary value problems for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations whose coefficients may have strong nonlinear growth in the gradient. Under monotonicity and growth assumptions on the coefficient function, with convexity required for the Dirichlet problem, it p…
This paper analyzes stabilization of the antenna current phase in a long-wave transmitter using complex high-frequency feedback, addressing the limitation that ordinary negative feedback requires large depths that can endanger transmitter stability. It derives expressions for phase instability and t…
This paper analyzes the stability of an antenna and transmitter system using reactive feedback to stabilize the phase of antenna current. Treating an end-loaded antenna as an asymmetric grounded dipole, it derives feedback loop transfer coefficients for two configurations: feedback enclosing the ant…
This paper examines phase instability of current in long-wave transmitter antennas caused by antenna-parameter changes, such as wind motion and soil-condition variations. It develops an equivalent-circuit analysis for an overvoltage output stage with inductively coupled anode and antenna circuits, d…
The article describes the modernization of the EVM-1 electric moisture meter into the portable EVM-2 instrument for rapid measurement of relative moisture content in sawn timber. It explains the design choice to use a single 10 to 25 percent measurement range, eliminating the range switch to improve…
This paper describes an apparatus for measuring relative electric field intensity in cavity resonators using the small perturbing body method, in which resonant frequency shifts are related to local field strength. The authors address the difficulty of accurately measuring small frequency shifts, es…
This paper proposes and analyzes a waveguide cyclic electron accelerator with an external control field, treating it as a synchrotron with a generalized radio-frequency field and a bent iris-loaded waveguide serving as both accelerating structure and chamber. The authors examine particle dynamics, w…
The paper presents preliminary considerations for a radio-engineering apparatus intended to determine the velocity vector of weak meteors, including cases where the diffraction pattern is insufficient for conventional velocity measurement. It develops the geometric relations connecting range, angula…
This paper addresses the difficulty of separating radio echoes from meteor shower meteors from sporadic and anomalous reflections, especially in observations at wavelengths near 10 m where the sporadic background may be strong. It derives a geometric criterion relating the elevation and azimuth of a…
This paper analyzes the velocity selectivity of radar meteor observations when only persistent ionized trails are registered or used for velocity measurement. Using existing expressions for the number of reliably detected underdense persistent trails, the author derives velocity dependences for two …
This paper formulates criteria for determining which types of ionized meteor trails a radar system can detect under conditions of normal radio-wave reflection. Using relations among transmitted pulse power, antenna directivity, receiver threshold, wavelength, slant range, diffusion coefficient, mini…
This paper estimates external radio interference levels in the 1 to 30 m wavelength range, with attention to how the received noise depends on antenna directivity, pointing direction, geographic latitude, orientation, time of day, and frequency. It reviews cosmic and atmospheric noise sources, then …
This paper analyzes how variations in cosmic noise affect the number of meteors registered by radar, especially when directional antennas and changing sky noise conditions alter the receiver threshold. Treating meteor registrations as a nonstationary Poisson-like process, it derives expressions for …
This paper examines how the average hourly number of meteors detected by radar depends on pulse repetition frequency, a factor important for interpreting and comparing meteor radar observations. It compares simplified theoretical relations for underdense meteor trail detection with experimental data…
This paper reexamines whether variations in cosmic radio noise affect radar counts of meteor echoes at about 70 MHz, a point disputed in earlier studies. Using Hawkins’s 1950 to 1951 Jodrell Bank hourly meteor reflection data, the author estimates diurnal antenna temperatures from cosmic radio emiss…
This paper analyzes radio detection of persistent meteor trails when photographic recording introduces integration of signal and noise. It derives threshold conditions and expressions for the number of recorded trails as functions of radar parameters, atmospheric and meteor characteristics, and film…
This paper analyzes how photographic registration, through integration of signal and noise over the film exposure interval, affects radio detection of unstable meteor trails under normal reflection. Using an approximate analytical model for exponentially decaying meteor echoes, the author derives re…
This paper analyzes how a meteor radar that records persistent ionized trails detects meteors under reliable and accidental registration conditions. Using standard expressions for echo power, reflection duration, ionization density, and a power law meteoroid mass distribution, it derives formulas fo…
This paper examines how plasma resonance affects radio echoes from meteor trails when the trail is treated not as a cylinder but as an expanding paraboloidal structure produced by finite meteor velocity and diffusion. Using integral expressions for parallel and perpendicular polarizations, it analyz…
This paper derives analytical distributions for the durations of meteor radio echoes observed under conditions of normal reflection from ionized trails across the echo plane. Using a power-law meteoroid mass distribution, relations between meteoroid mass, trail electron line density, radar parameter…
This paper derives a refined expression for the power of radar echo signals normally reflected from ionized meteor trails when ambipolar diffusion is significant. Starting from effective scattering surface relations, the author introduces an analytical approximation to Kaiser’s numerical diffusion f…
This paper reports radar observations of polarization dependent meteor radio echoes at a wavelength of 10 m, focusing on plasma resonance in underdense meteor trails and its effect on diffraction patterns. Using simultaneous horizontally and vertically polarized transmissions during the June 1961 da…
This paper examines whether the observed grouping of meteor radio echoes can be described by a random arrival model for meteoric bodies entering the Earth’s atmosphere. Using 70 hours of 1959 observations from the TPI-2 station at a wavelength of 10 m, the authors construct histograms of time interv…
This paper reports radar observations of meteor activity in Tomsk conducted in the second half of 1957 as part of the International Geophysical Year program. The authors describe the specially built TPI-2 radar station operating at a wavelength of 10 m, its main technical parameters, recording metho…
This paper reports early results from systematic radar observations of meteors carried out in Tomsk from 1957 to the first half of 1959 using the TPI-2 pulsed radar installation at 30 MHz. The authors summarize observation volumes, processing methods, and statistical analyses of meteor radio echoes,…
This paper reports statistical results from systematic radar meteor observations conducted at Tomsk, chiefly with 10 m wavelength radar equipment developed at Tomsk Polytechnic Institute during 1957 and 1958. It analyzes hourly meteor counts, radio echo durations, inferred meteoroid mass distributio…
This paper revisits Sturm’s classical problem of determining when all nontrivial solutions of a second order linear differential equation with continuous coefficients are oscillatory. It reformulates a known necessary and sufficient oscillation criterion by removing the explicit nonnegativity requir…
This paper studies integral representations of linear operators on Orlicz spaces of vector fields over a locally compact space with a Radon measure. Starting from a given field of bounded operators into a Banach space, it constructs a linear mapping into the bidual by weak integration and proves an …
This paper studies the direct product decomposition of finite Pi-solvable groups using the notion of S-connectedness among prime divisors of the group order. It defines S-portions, consisting either of a single prime for which the group is p-decomposable or of an S-connected class of primes associat…
The paper studies spectral multiplicity for a self-adjoint multiplication operator generated by a matrix-valued distribution function constructed from two scalar R-functions, and applies the result to second-order differential operators. It proves that the spectrum is simple when the absolutely cont…
This note studies when special semigroups, defined by relations that set specified words equal to the empty word, can satisfy nontrivial identities without being groups. Using criteria based on left, right, and two-sided invertibility of generators and subwords, the paper proves that any such specia…
This study examines how solution pH affects the adsorption and desorption of iodide ions on a silver electrode, a process relevant to halide-induced depassivation and pitting corrosion. Using a radioactive tracer method with iodine-131, combined with controlled electrode polarization, adsorption was…
This study examines the polarographic behavior of pertechnetate in 1 M sodium perchlorate using a dropping mercury electrode over a wide range of acidity and alkalinity, with attention to analytical separation from molybdenum. In neutral solution, pertechnetate gives a diffusion wave with a half-wav…
This paper derives a Lagrangian formulation for relativistic mechanics of an ideal continuous medium with potential flow and a general equation of state. It argues that the scalar Lagrangian density is the pressure, expresses it through the velocity potential, and verifies the formulation by recover…
This study examines orientation and relative reactivity in the sulfuric acid catalyzed alkylation of the three dichlorobenzene isomers with propylene, focusing on how the positions of two chlorine substituents affect electrophilic substitution by an isopropyl group. The authors compare para-, ortho-…
This note studies solutions of the Gauss and Codazzi equations for simply connected surfaces of strictly positive curvature with boundary, using an isometrically conjugate parametrization and a complex unknown formed from the coefficients of the second fundamental form. It proves an integral represe…
