SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This paper reexamines the equilibrium of the reduction of solid beryllium oxide by graphite to form beryllium carbide and carbon monoxide at 1800 to 2000 K, refining earlier measurements affected by specimen preparation and degassing. Using a static equilibrium method with carefully calcined, mixed,…
This paper studies associative rings with identity over which flat left modules are necessarily free. It first proves that a left module is flat if and only if it can be represented as the direct limit of a directed system of projective modules, and then strengthens this to a representation as the d…
Carbon monoxide adsorption on copper was investigated to clarify the chemical nature of adsorption on copper-group metals and the structure of the resulting surface compounds. Measurements were made on evaporated copper layers and on copper supported on alumina or aerosil over temperatures from minu…
This study uses electron paramagnetic resonance to examine radical formation in phenazhydrine and benzoquinhydrone in solution, crystalline states, and after adsorption on solid surfaces. Phenazhydrine shows no detectable radical dissociation in neutral ether or dioxane solution, but crystalline phe…
This study reexamines the silica-rich region of the BaO, SiO2 phase diagram, where earlier interpretations disagreed on whether intermediate compositions between dibarium trisilicate and barium disilicate form continuous solid solutions or distinct compounds. Synthesized compositions were investigat…
This paper develops a theoretical model of shower rain formation in a cloud with a constant ascending air flow, treating droplet growth by condensation and gravitational coagulation while allowing supersaturation to vary with height. The authors derive equations for water content, droplet concentrat…
This paper examines how a liter of water in contact with a hydrophobic solid surface changes shape as effective gravity is reduced to zero, extending earlier analysis of liquid behavior in spacecraft conditions. Using capillary surface theory, especially the Bashforth and Adams droplet profiles and …
This paper investigates heterolytic reactions of polyfluorinated azoalkanes, a class previously known mainly for homolytic decomposition and addition reactions. Through reactions with reducing agents, acids, nucleophiles, dienes, diazomethane, azines, and organomagnesium compounds, the authors show …
This paper examines how solvents and additives influence the stereochemical course of the Wittig reaction, using the reaction of benzylidenetriphenylphosphorane with propionaldehyde as the principal example. Gas liquid chromatographic measurements show that nonpolar media favor predominantly trans-b…
The paper studies tangentially degenerate projective surfaces of rank r for which one focal image has no multiple components while the other may contain a single multiple component. Using moving frames and matrix relations governing the displacement of plane generators and tangent planes, it derives…
The paper introduces two sequent calculi, E0 and E0 prime, for the classical predicate calculus, designed to support a more practical search for derivations than Gentzen style systems G1 and G3. After defining formulas, sequents, purity, and almost congruence, it specifies axiom and inference schema…
This study examines the measurement of adsorption potential shifts on smooth platinum electrodes, extending earlier work performed on platinized platinum. Because the small surface area of smooth platinum makes measurements highly sensitive to trace reducible or oxidizable impurities, the work devel…
This note studies invariant differential, or Laplace, operators on the symmetric space of real unimodular matrices modulo the special orthogonal subgroup, focusing on their restrictions to functions constant on horospheres defined by a unipotent triangular subgroup. Using diagonal coordinates and th…
This note studies a special class of Ribaucour transformations in three-dimensional conformal space, defined through the passage between the two sheets of the envelope of a sphere congruence while preserving Takasu conformally asymptotic lines. Using Gaidelman’s canonical moving frame, the paper der…
The paper studies uniqueness questions for semireducible decompositions of positive definite Riemannian metrics, expressed as a principal part plus conformally weighted supplementary metrics. It reformulates such decompositions through a system of equations for a symmetric tensor and a scalar functi…
This paper reports an X-ray structural study of ammonium sodium oxalatomolybdate dihydrate, NH4Na[MoO3C2O4]·2H2O, undertaken to test proposed analogies with related osmium and molybdenum oxalate complexes. Using Patterson and electron-density projections, the authors determine that the crystal has m…
The paper examines how control systems with fixed, or rigid, structures can be synthesized so that they behave equivalently to self-adjusting systems when plant characteristics are altered by disturbances or by internal parameter changes. Using transfer-function analysis in the limit of large gain, …
This paper proposes catalimetric titration as a volumetric analytical method for very dilute solutions, using catalytic activity to indicate the equivalence point when ordinary indicators lack sufficient sensitivity. The authors develop the rationale from the relation between titration error, initia…
This paper develops a perturbative Green function approach to generalize the spin wave method for an isotropic ferromagnet with nearest neighbor exchange, aiming to calculate both spin wave energies and damping beyond the usual low temperature approximation. Using the Holstein Primakoff representati…
The paper studies boundary problems for homogeneous random walks with independent identically distributed increments, focusing on generating functions for first passage, maxima of partial sums, terminal positions, and overshoots. Under general exponential moment and absolute continuity assumptions, …
This paper experimentally investigates the structure and approximate dimensions of sensitivity centers and latent-image development centers in high-sensitivity type P nuclear emulsions. Using controlled dissolution of atomic silver by dilute acids, the authors compare changes in track density for em…
This note studies extremal quasiconformal mappings between three-dimensional cylindrical domains, in the sense of minimizing the product of two distortion bounds associated with the axes of the infinitesimal image ellipsoid. Using the modulus method for families of curves in space, it proves two com…
This note studies the large-time behavior of solutions to the first boundary-value problem with zero lateral boundary data for a general uniformly parabolic equation in time-dependent domains. Using comparison functions and maximum-principle arguments, it derives exponential estimates whose decay ra…
This study examines whether ketones can promote chain branching in liquid-phase hydrocarbon oxidation through interaction with hydroperoxides, using tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cyclohexanone in chlorobenzene mixtures. Free-radical formation was measured from the consumption of alpha-naphthylamine i…
This paper studies the limiting behavior of repeated compositions of symmetric probability measures on a symmetric space, formulated for the space of positive definite Hermitian unimodular matrices under the complex unimodular group. Using zonal spherical functions, the author defines a characterist…
This paper reports chronopotentiometric measurements of the diffusion coefficients of lead ions in molten NaCl, KCl, and an equimolar NaCl, KCl mixture over a range of temperatures, using a platinum working electrode and molten lead reference system in an argon atmosphere. The measured coefficients …
This note studies the dual spaces of Sobolev spaces \(W_p^l(\Omega)\) and their zero-boundary subspaces for bounded domains with sufficiently smooth boundary and \(p>1\). It proves that, as sets of generalized elements, these conjugate spaces coincide with the corresponding \(W_q^l(\Omega)\) spaces,…
This note studies regularity restrictions for solutions of Dirichlet problems in rectangular and more general piecewise smooth domains with corner points. For the Laplace equation in a rectangle with polynomial boundary data, it proves that membership in a sufficiently high Hölder Sobolev class forc…
This study examines the condensation of aromatic ortho-diamines with violuric acid and thio analogues as a route to alloxazines. The authors show that reaction conditions strongly affect product formation: boric acid in acetic acid media and especially dilute hydrochloric acid promote dehydration an…
This paper investigates the direct synthesis of sodium and potassium aluminum hydrides from aluminum, alkali metals or their hydrides, and hydrogen, with emphasis on replacing tetrahydrofuran by hydrocarbon media to avoid solvent cleavage and purification difficulties. The authors describe reactions…
This paper investigates whether 2-vinylanthracene exists as an equilibrium mixture of S-cis and S-trans isomers arising from restricted rotation in the conjugated system. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured in ethanol and n-heptane over a range of temperatures, with attention to temper…
This study examines how secondary diarylamines react with hydrocarbon and peroxide radicals during radiolysis, using cumene systems irradiated with fast electrons and monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance. Experiments with diphenylamine and phenyl-beta-naphthylamine show that alkyl radicals d…
The paper addresses interpretability between algebraic models, motivated by Mostowski’s question on defining a group operation on the natural numbers that is mutually first-order interpretable with arithmetic. It introduces strict relatedness of models and recursively perfect algebras, proves that a…
This paper discusses the simulation of production processes for large automated enterprises on general-purpose electronic digital computers, with attention to interacting random factors such as operation times, queues, equipment reliability, tool wear, defects, and process disruptions. It proposes p…
This paper reexamines previously reported electron paramagnetic resonance signals, positive susceptibility, and apparent ferromagnetic behavior in ferrocene polymers. Magnetic susceptibility and field dependence were measured from room temperature to liquid helium temperatures and up to 13 kOe for o…
This paper develops a quantum mechanical calculation of the probability of elementary electron transfer between an electrode and an ion in heterogeneous oxidation reduction reactions, restricted to processes not complicated by adsorption. The authors model the polar solvent as a continuous dielectri…
This paper examines the ability of boron to form cationic complexes, a capacity previously regarded as atypical in comparison with its neutral and anionic complex chemistry. The authors prepare and characterize several boronium salts, including diphenyl di(alkylamine) boronium tetrachloroferrates an…
This paper develops a statistical formulation of approximate computation, using quadrature formulas for definite integrals as the main example, under the assumption that sampled function values contain unavoidable random errors. Treating quadrature as an estimator of a parameter-dependent integral, …
The paper studies two classes of analytic functions of two complex variables in bounded complete bicircular domains and in bicylinders, defined by positivity conditions involving Temlyakov’s differential operator. Using reductions to one-variable starlike and convex univalent functions, it derives c…
This study examines how beta irradiation and a surface-active mercury film jointly affect the mechanical behavior of zinc single crystals under tensile deformation. Using a phosphorus-32 beta source, the authors compare irradiated and nonirradiated pure and amalgamated zinc crystals at different def…
This paper examines whether a two-term molecular law of friction, in which friction depends both on normal load and on molecular adhesion over the true contact area, applies to polymer materials under high compressive loads. Static friction was measured for polished steel in contact with films of fl…
The paper studies linearly enveloping cycloidal curves, defined as envelopes of straight lines fixed in the plane of a circle rolling without slipping on another circle or on a straight line. Using kinematic models of three-member satellite mechanisms, it derives equations for the family of line pos…
This paper reports measurements of ultrasonic velocity in nitrogen, argon, and helium at high densities, with pressures up to 3500 atm at 25 degrees Celsius. Using the Debye and Sears optical diffraction method in a high pressure vessel, the authors determined sound velocities from ultrasonic gratin…
This note studies the algorithmic complexity of multiplying multi-digit binary numbers by binary automata, with attention to lower and upper estimates for the number of elements and computation time. It records elementary lower bounds and presents constructions due to Ofman that trade circuit size a…
This study examines whether substituted cyclopentadienes undergo a hindered thermodynamic equilibrium among isomers differing in the positions of their intracyclic double bonds. Monodeuterocyclopentadiene was prepared from cyclopentadienylmagnesium bromide and deuterium oxide, and the resulting isom…
This paper derives \(L_2\) estimates for polyharmonic functions and their partial derivatives of arbitrary order near the boundary of an \(N\)-dimensional domain with \(C^{(2)}\) boundary. The argument is developed primarily in three dimensions, using spherical representations, estimates for harmoni…
This note develops a generalized theory of expansions in rational functions with prescribed poles outside a continuum, extending Faber polynomial expansions through systems generated from Malmquist rational functions under conformal mapping. It defines modified rational systems depending on a parame…
This note develops an improved algorithm for asymptotic expansions of distributions of maximal deviations of normalized sums of independent identically distributed random variables, in both lattice and absolutely continuous cases. The method reduces the problem to a boundary value problem for an int…
The paper addresses limitations of paper chromatography for identifying and separating hydrophobic substituted carbohydrates, especially closely related monosaccharide derivatives. It describes the use of chromatography in an unfixed thin layer of aluminum oxide, outlining plate preparation, develop…
