SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This paper examines the formation and evolution of glass microcrystalline structures during heat treatment, emphasizing the redistribution of crystallite sizes as a thermodynamically favored process that reduces interphase surface area. The authors relate this process to changes in surface energy, e…
The paper develops a ray-theoretic generalization of classical Rayleigh waves for a homogeneous elastic body bounded by an arbitrary analytic surface. Longitudinal and transverse ray solutions of the elasticity equations are combined with complex phase functions chosen to satisfy eikonal equations, …
This paper examines the vertical wind-speed profile in the near-water atmospheric layer over Lake Ladoga, based on summer 1959 measurements from contact anemometers mounted at several heights on Khankhipasi Island. The observations were grouped by wind direction, speed, and thermal stratification, u…
The paper studies iterative methods for solving nonlinear operator equations in Banach and Hilbert spaces when the linearized Newton equations cannot be solved exactly. It formulates a general scheme in which each Newton or modified Newton step is replaced by an approximate solver for the correspond…
Differential capacitance of the electric double layer at a mercury dropping electrode was measured in N-methylformamide solutions of several salts using an impedance bridge over a range of potentials, concentrations, temperatures, and solvent mixtures. The capacitance in N-methylformamide is general…
This paper studies geodesic mappings between Riemannian spaces and introduces an involutive transformation, called the Gamma transformation, which constructs from any pair of Riemannian spaces with common geodesics a new pair having the same property. The transformation is expressed in terms of the …
This note studies deviations between sets in metric and normed spaces arising in approximation theory, beginning with finite-dimensional geometric models in the uniform metric. It derives exact formulas for the distance from one polyhedral class to another and transfers these formulas to classes of …
A calorimetric method is described for determining the heat of formation of binary semiconductor compounds by direct fusion in a bomb equipped with a small electric furnace and rocking stirrer. The procedure was tested on stoichiometric indium and antimony sealed in a quartz ampoule, with calorimete…
The study investigates low-lying energy levels of the even-even nuclei Gd-156 and Gd-158 formed by thermal neutron capture on enriched Gd-155 and Gd-157. Gamma-ray spectra and internal-conversion electron spectra were measured with magnetic spectrometers, allowing construction of transition schemes …
This study examines whether iron-group metals reduced at mercury electrodes form amalgams, colloidal dispersions, or separate solid deposits, a question on which earlier polarographic evidence was conflicting. Using stationary, dropping, and hanging mercury electrodes with oscillographic reverse-swe…
This paper examines steric interactions in hindered halogen derivatives of aromatic compounds as a basis for developing a semiempirical treatment of molecular strain and bond deflection. Using X-ray structural analysis of crystal electron-density projections, the authors determined the structures of…
This study examines how atomic oxygen affects flame propagation and low-pressure combustion limits in propane, butane, and oxygen mixtures, with attention to the relation between ordinary flames and atomic flames. Oxygen atoms were generated in a glow discharge and introduced into a low-pressure com…
The paper studies singular integral equations on a Lyapunov contour involving an orientation-preserving involutive transformation of the contour, together with the special case in which this transformation is the identity. Under modulus and compatibility conditions on the coefficients, the equations…
This paper reexamines the dipole moments and structural interpretation of imidazole and several derivatives, addressing conflicting earlier claims that unusually large moments imply zwitterionic or intermolecular ionic structures. Dielectric permittivities of dilute dioxane solutions were measured a…
This paper reports a neutron diffraction study of the cubic high-temperature modification of lead fluoride, whose assignment to the fluorite, CaF2, structural type had been difficult to verify by X-ray diffraction because of the large contrast between lead and fluorine atomic scattering. Single-crys…
This paper studies hypersurfaces in four-dimensional non-Euclidean spaces of arbitrary index, formulated projectively by means of a Cayley-Klein absolute and analyzed with moving frames and exterior forms. It defines first- and second-order fundamental geometric objects for a hypersurface and proves…
The paper examines the intersection, or conversion line, of stable and nonequilibrium tetrahedra in the quinary reciprocal salt system Li, Na, Rb, Tl with Br, Cl, nitrate, and sulfate ions. It represents the relevant exchange reactions algebraically and experimentally studies compositions along the …
This paper studies linear systems of differential equations whose coefficients are quasiperiodic functions with a common frequency basis. The method embeds the original system into a system in several periodic variables and uses the resulting periodicity to define a characteristic equation, under an…
This paper reports preliminary measurements of charged-particle and photon radiation obtained during the flight of the third Soviet cosmic rocket from 4 to 18 October 1959. Using scintillation and gas-discharge counters with different shielding, the authors estimate radiation doses in the outer radi…
The paper discusses the use of high pressure as a kinetic tool for studying collective interactions in polymerization and related processes. It argues, using transition state theory, that the pressure dependence of reaction rates can yield the volume change associated with transition state formation…
This paper develops a quantitative “local” theory for the mass spectra of normal paraffins, contrasting it with statistical theories that assume redistribution of excitation energy over the whole molecular ion. Using simple assumptions about electron collision, symmetric C-C bond cleavage, and fragm…
This study examines the early-time kinetics of photoconductivity rise and decay in solid films of chlorophyll, methylchlorophyllide, and pigments extracted from green leaves. Using a taumeter method over time intervals from microseconds to hundredths of a second, the work compares crystalline pigmen…
This study investigates the acylation of 1,1′-bis-hydroperoxy-dicyclohexyl peroxide as a route to 1,1′-bis-acylperoxy-dicyclohexyl peroxides, a class of organic peresters related to industrial cyclohexanone peroxide mixtures. Reactions with acetic, propionic, butyric, capric, and chloroacetic acid c…
The paper studies centrally symmetric self-similar motions of an ideal ultrarelativistic gas with equation of state ε = 3p, including the photon gas as an exact case. Using dimensional analysis, the relativistic hydrodynamic equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations in the similarity …
This paper generalizes Lindemann’s theorem from the exponential function to a class of transcendental Siegel E-functions satisfying first order linear differential equations with polynomial coefficients. Using earlier algebraic independence criteria for E-functions, together with lemmas on the algeb…
The paper reports Raman spectroscopic measurements of anhydrous silver perchlorate, its hydrate, and the polycrystalline benzene complex AgClO4·C6H6 using a DFS-12 spectrometer with photoelectric recording. Comparison of the spectra shows that the complex resembles hydrated AgClO4 more closely than …
This note studies homotopy-theoretic properties of locally trivial fiber spaces, with emphasis on higher obstructions to extending cross-sections and on operations with fibrations over a common base. Using Postnikov systems, it gives criteria under which truncated fibrations become products and deri…
This note studies an optimal pursuit problem for two controlled points in an n-dimensional phase space, where the pursuer seeks to minimize the capture time and the evader seeks to maximize it. Under the additional assumption that the pursuer’s dynamics are linear and nondegenerate and that its cont…
The paper proves an analogue of the Fortet-Kac theorem for normalized sums of the form \(\sum_{k=0}^{h-1} f(ag^k/p)\), where \(f\) is a bounded periodic real function of mean zero, \(g\) is fixed, \(p\) is coprime to \(g\), and \(h\) grows logarithmically with \(p\). Using the method of moments, the…
This note proves a periodicity theorem for the cohomology of the group of norm one units in a maximal order of a finite-dimensional division algebra over the rational numbers. Using Grothendieck’s theory of equivariant sheaves and the associated spectral sequences for a group action, the argument re…
This paper reexamines the reactions of o-carboxybenzoylferrocene and corrects an earlier structural assignment of a sulfuric acid product previously regarded as a ferrocene analog of anthraquinone. Through acid-promoted transformations, hydrolysis, sodium in alcohol reduction, independent synthesis,…
This paper studies elliptic second order equations whose lower order coefficients have regular singularities of order one and two at finitely many points, including possible boundary points and infinity. It introduces weighted Banach spaces and establishes norm estimates, compactness criteria, and F…
The study examines how high pressure affects the electrical resistance of cerium, lanthanum, and neodymium, extending earlier measurements on these lanthanide metals to pressures up to 250,000 kg/cm². Using a calibrated high-pressure chamber at room temperature, the authors measured resistance chang…
This paper addresses the rapid elimination and high dosage requirements of p-aminosalicylic acid in tuberculosis therapy by incorporating the drug into a synthetic polymeric carrier. The authors synthesize previously unknown p-aminosalicylic esters of polyvinyl alcohol through esterification with th…
The paper revisits M. A. Lavrent’ev’s notion of a derived system associated with a nonlinear first-order system of partial differential equations, formulated through characteristic quantities of the local mapping. It gives a simpler proof, with a refinement, of Lavrent’ev’s theorem relating positivi…
This note addresses the fundamental problem of non-Riemannian geometry for two-dimensional manifolds with symmetric affine connection, namely the conditions under which such a space is reducible to Weyl or Riemannian geometry. It classifies binary affine-connection spaces by the Weierstrass characte…
This paper presents a radiation-kinetic photometric method for determining ultratrace amounts of tetravalent polonium-210 based on a self-accelerating solid-phase color reaction. The method combines coprecipitation of polonium with butylrhodamine iodide or periodide, local alpha-induced radiolysis o…
This study examines the mechanism of epichlorohydrin polymerization using the ferric chloride, propylene oxide catalytic system, with emphasis on how catalyst concentration affects active centers and molecular-weight distribution. Polyepichlorohydrin samples prepared at 2, 5, and 10 percent catalyst…
The paper studies the asymptotic power of the weighted Cramer von Mises type statistic omega squared for testing a simple distributional hypothesis against local alternatives of order n to the minus one half. It derives the limiting distribution under such alternatives as a quadratic functional of a…
This study examines the formation of secondary structures in oriented capron fibers during recrystallization in the condensed phase, a process relevant to changes in fiber properties during use. Fivefold drawn capron monofilaments were annealed near the melting point, slowly cooled, sectioned ultrat…
This study examines how the absolute mobility of sodium and potassium ions changes in binary and ternary silicate melts containing alkali or alkaline earth cations. Self-diffusion coefficients were measured with radioactive sodium and potassium isotopes over high temperature ranges, and the results …
This paper examines the relation between vibrational excitation and dissociation of oxygen molecules behind strong shock waves at high temperatures, with particular attention to whether these processes can be treated as separate zones. Using shock-tube absorption measurements and relaxation analysis…
Contact potential differences between selected liquid metals and their alloys were measured to test their relation to differences in potentials of zero charge, a question relevant to the theory of electromotive forces in galvanic cells. Using a thermoelectronic diode method at 450 degrees, the study…
This paper analyzes four-link mechanisms containing two revolute and two prismatic pairs in alternating arrangement, focusing on the envelopes generated by straight lines rigidly connected to the coupler link. Using instantaneous centers and parametric differentiation, it derives equations for the l…
This paper addresses the “biradical paradox” in electron paramagnetic resonance studies of biradicals formed by two triphenylmethyl radicals linked by a bridge, where experimental hyperfine spectra imply much slower interwell electron exchange than theoretical estimates of singlet, triplet splitting…
This study examines the extraction of ferric chloride by diethyl ether from hydrochloric acid solutions in the quaternary system ferric chloride, hydrochloric acid, water, and diethyl ether. Equilibrium experiments at 20 ± 0.1°C were used to construct an extraction diagram with distribution coeffici…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of previously little studied unsaturated organosilicon peroxides of the mixed tert-butyl peroxy type. Vinyl-substituted chlorosilanes were reacted with tert-butyl hydroperoxide in petroleum ether in the presence of pyridine to prepare mono-, di-,…
This study examines the kinetics of styrene polymerization initiated by tert-butyl peroxide and tert-butyl perbenzoate, with benzoyl peroxide used for comparison. Polymerization rates were measured dilatometrically in bulk and suspension systems over varying initiator concentrations and temperatures…
This paper examines the spatial distribution of the 3d shell electrons responsible for ferromagnetism in iron, cobalt, and nickel using neutron magnetic scattering form factors. The authors calculate electron density and radial electron density in the unit cell by summing three-dimensional Fourier s…
