SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This study uses Raman scattering to examine the structure of nitroaminobutadiene derivatives and to distinguish between ketimine, enamine tautomerism and a cyclic form involving an intramolecular hydrogen bond. Spectra of aliphatic and aromatic derivatives in acetone solutions show splitting of the …
This paper extends the virial theorem in classical mechanics from finite motions to the scattering of a particle by a spherically symmetric force center. Starting from Hamilton’s variational principle and a scale variation of the coordinates, it derives a general identity and applies it to unbounded…
This paper analyzes the low energy matrix element for pion production in meson-nucleon collisions, focusing on the reactions pi minus p to two pions plus a nucleon near threshold. Using a Mandelstam-type integral representation at fixed total energy and the unitarity condition, the authors approxima…
This paper studies convergence in nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations with periodic right hand sides, understood as existence, uniqueness, Lyapunov stability, and global attraction of a periodic solution. It gives necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of the time period map: …
This study examines the detection and separation of polyhydroxy compounds containing alpha-glycol groups by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel, with attention to carbohydrates, polyhydric alcohols, and hydroxy acids relevant to natural product chemistry. Several visualization reagents commonly …
This paper examines how trace impurities and contact with construction materials affect the electrodeposition of zinc and manganese from exceptionally purified electrolytes. The authors describe preparation procedures for highly purified zinc sulfate and manganese chloride electrolytes and compare d…
This note studies polynomials with fixed leading coefficient that minimize the weighted uniform deviation from zero on the two intervals [-1, -lambda] and [lambda, 1], with weight sqrt(1 - x^2). It defines and constructs Akhiezer polynomials of the second kind, treating even degrees by reduction to …
This paper investigates whether radical-like intermediate species can be directly detected during heterogeneous catalysis, a hypothesis previously supported mainly by kinetic and product-distribution evidence. The authors study dehydration of isopropyl alcohol in an adsorbed layer on magnesium sulfa…
This study examines how trace water and oxygen affect ethylene polymerization over a chromium oxide catalyst supported on aluminosilicate. Using carefully purified ethylene and solvents in a sealed autoclave system, the authors measured polymer yield and catalyst productivity as functions of catalys…
This study examines the preparation of organosilicon compounds containing hydrocarbon bridges between silicon atoms and a cyano functional group in the bridge. The authors alkylated omega-cyanoalkyltrimethylsilanes with halomethyltrimethylsilanes in ether in the presence of sodium, characterized the…
This study examines the room-temperature hydrogenation of cerium-magnesium alloys across a broad range of magnesium contents, extending earlier work on hydrogen absorption in this binary system. Alloys were prepared from cerium and magnesium, hydrided under hydrogen at 0.5 to 1 atm, and analyzed by …
This paper investigates positive molecular ion emission from heated metal filaments in vacuum, using a mass spectrometric ion source with increased detector sensitivity and strong electric fields at the filament surface. Experiments on tungsten, oxidized tungsten, nickel, iron, platinum, and gold-pl…
This paper examines how solvent medium affects the mechanism of electrophilic substitution at a saturated carbon atom, using isotopic exchange between ethyl alpha-bromomercuriphenylacetate and mercuric bromide labeled with Hg-203. Kinetic measurements in pyridine and 70 percent aqueous dioxane show …
This paper addresses the synthesis of 5-nitrofuryl polyene ketones and carboxylic acid derivatives, compounds that were difficult to obtain by nitration or condensation methods because of their sensitivity to acidic and alkaline conditions. The authors apply the Wittig reaction of 5-nitrofuran unsat…
This paper describes the use of ion-exchange chromatography in neutron activation analysis for determining trace impurities in high-purity silica. The authors irradiated silica samples and standards, decomposed the samples after adding carriers, and separated activated impurities on anion-exchange m…
The paper studies the large time behavior of solutions to a boundary value problem posed by S. L. Sobolev for a mixed spatial operator in a bounded plane domain with a smooth convex boundary. Using geometric constructions of closed broken lines inscribed in the boundary, it establishes differentiabi…
Using measurements from scintillation and Geiger counters aboard the second Soviet spacecraft in a nearly circular orbit at about 320 km altitude, the paper examines zones of enhanced radiation intensity at high geomagnetic latitudes. The authors map the geographic distribution of these zones, compa…
This paper proposes a potentiometric method for estimating the relative electron withdrawing or electron donating influence of substituents in aromatic heterocyclic systems, using the dependence of pyrazole basicity on substituent character. The authors measure the pH of methanolic sulfuric acid sol…
This paper studies finite-dimensional metabelian Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field through the weights of their derivation algebras. It establishes that linear dependencies among weights follow from the basic commutator relations, derives nonvanishing and separation properties of first…
This paper examines whether a nonlocal interaction Lagrangian in quantum electrodynamics can satisfy the causality condition required for an invariant definition of time ordered products in the scattering matrix expansion. Starting from a generalized nonlocal kernel and imposing self-adjointness and…
This paper studies exact magnetohydrodynamic motions of a conducting medium with finite electrical conductivity moving parallel to one axis in a plane magnetic field. Starting from the magnetohydrodynamic equations and using a vector potential representation, it derives conditions on the magnetic fi…
This study examines whether topochemical decomposition of copper and nickel oxalates under fast electron irradiation differs from ordinary thermal decomposition. Copper and nickel oxalates were irradiated in air at varying doses and temperatures, and the products and subsequent decomposition kinetic…
The study examines the kinetics of reduction of diphenyl-m-tolylcarbinol by isopropyl alcohol in aqueous sulfuric acid, treating the reaction as hydride transfer from the alcohol to the ionized carbinol. Rate measurements were made spectrophotometrically over 44 to 64 percent sulfuric acid and 40 to…
This paper derives integral relations of reciprocity type for acoustic fields in a homogeneous moving gas containing stationary thin elastic bodies such as plates and cylindrical shells. Because ordinary acoustic reciprocity does not generally hold in a moving medium, the analysis formulates two adj…
This paper studies definite lineals in complex linear spaces equipped with a possibly indefinite Hermitian bilinear metric, without assuming an underlying topology or Hilbert space structure. It introduces regular and singular definite lineals through boundedness of induced linear functionals, gives…
This paper examines the liquid-phase oxidation of methyl ethyl ketone by atmospheric oxygen under elevated pressure, focusing on the mechanism of degenerate chain branching. Using kinetic measurements, product analysis, and inhibition experiments with alpha-naphthol, the authors show that the reacti…
This note proves A. I. Mal'cev's hypothesis that the class of multiplicative semigroups of rings is not axiomatizable. It first establishes a general criterion relating axiomatizability to pseudoaxiomatizability and arithmetic closedness, then applies results on arithmetic equivalence of abelian gro…
This paper generalizes the notion of decomposing a topological space by a closed subset to decompositions of order k, defines an equivalence relation via decompositions of X times the unit interval, and studies the resulting classes for completely normal spaces. Using separation and extension proper…
This study examines the behavior of diphenylguanidine, a common rubber vulcanization accelerator, under vulcanization-temperature conditions and in reaction with sulfur. The authors measure ammonia evolution during thermal decomposition in the melt and in several solvents at about 140 degrees C, com…
This paper examines self-similar solutions of laminar magnetohydrodynamic boundary-layer equations when the magnetic-field intensity varies along the body and across the boundary layer. For incompressible conducting fluids, the authors derive similarity transformations and identify the required powe…
This paper studies how operators written in normal second-quantized form transform under linear canonical transformations of creation and annihilation operators. It replaces the direct and cumbersome recomputation of transformed kernels by an integral transform acting on the associated functional sy…
This study examines how two trifluoromethyl groups influence the polarization and reaction direction of olefinic double bonds when opposed by carbalkoxy or nitro substituents. Hexafluoroisopropylidenemalonic ester and 1,1-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2-nitroethylene were synthesized from hexafluoroacetone d…
The paper studies a separable nonlinear extremal problem in which a sum of continuous piecewise smooth concave functions is maximized subject to linear equality constraints and bounds on the variables. It gives a necessary and sufficient optimality criterion in terms of multipliers analogous to Kant…
This paper studies the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear second order differential equation with a small parameter multiplying the highest derivative and a large initial derivative. It analyzes the formation of an initial jump in the geometric limit of integral curves as the parameter tends to zero, un…
This paper examines whether acetone, considered thermodynamically unable to polymerize in a homogeneous liquid phase, can be polymerized by lowering the entropy of the initial monomer through prior ordering. The authors argue that crystallization or vitrification of the monomer may alter the entropy…
This paper studies representations of positive integers by integral positive quadratic forms in at least four variables, with prescribed congruence classes and, more generally, with lattice points restricted to regions on the corresponding ellipsoid. It defines an elliptic solid angle and a generali…
This study examines the use of high-energy electron irradiation as a low-temperature method for synthesizing organic derivatives of phosphonitrile chloride, whose practical use is limited by hydrolytic instability and inefficient conventional substitution reactions. Solutions of tetrameric phosphoni…
This study examines how the specific radioactivity of solid sulfate phases affects heterogeneous sulfur isotope exchange with sulfur trioxide and sulfur dioxide at high temperature. Experiments with potassium sulfate extended the activity range to about 131 mCi/g and showed a nonmonotonic dependence…
This study examines the stereochemical course of the diene synthesis of vinyl aryl ethers with cyclopentadiene, focusing on how reaction temperature affects the ratio of endo and exo norbornene adducts. The authors separated isomeric adducts of phenyl, p-tert-butylphenyl, and beta-naphthyl vinyl eth…
The study examines the unusual reaction of 1,1′-diacetylferrocene with aryldiazonium salts, which yields iron-free colored products rather than arylated ferrocenes. The authors synthesize the same products from the acetate of the enolic form of acetylcyclopentadiene and aryldiazonium salts, compare …
The study examines the equilibrium reduction of strontium molybdate by hydrogen over 950 to 1392 °C in order to determine thermodynamic characteristics of SrMoO4 and related reduction products. Using a circulation apparatus, including a modified high-temperature design with gas preheating and a pall…
This paper investigates inhomogeneities observed during the detonation of nitromethane near its propagation limit. Using high-speed photographic recording from both the end face and lateral surface of cylindrical charges, the authors examine dark regions in the detonation front and correlate them wi…
The paper defines cohomology groups for uniform spaces and proximity spaces using finite-valued cochains on nerves of uniform coverings and direct limits over refinements. It establishes standard functorial properties, exact sequences, homotopy invariance, excision-type results, agreement with cohom…
This paper analyzes steady radial flow of a viscoplastic medium in the narrow gap between two identical rough parallel disks rotating about a common axis. Using thin-gap approximations for the equilibrium equations and a Bingham-type relation with plastic viscosity and limiting shear stress, it deri…
The paper proposes a method for approximating all fixed points of a nonlinear operator equation y = F(y), where F is a completely continuous operator on a Banach space and maps a convex compact set into itself. Using uniform continuity, the method constructs successive finite nets of decreasing mesh…
This paper examines how the degree of fluorescence polarization in porphyrin compounds depends on both excitation and emission wavelength, a dependence that complicates the use of polarization spectra as molecular optical characteristics. Polarization spectra were measured for individual fluorescenc…
This paper studies holonomic conjugate systems of the third order in projective differential geometry, focusing on three-dimensional surfaces whose geometry is governed by conjugacy of triples of tangent directions. Using moving projective frames, canonical forms of quadratic and cubic asymptotic fo…
This paper examines the conditions for joint discharge of different metal ions in electrodeposition, arguing that equality of discharge potentials is insufficient for real conjugate systems. The authors modify the usual condition by incorporating mutual displacement of ions in the electrical double …
This paper analyzes layer-spiral growth of crystal faces from solution and from the melt when crystallization occurs at step edges supplied by diffusion or heat conduction through a boundary layer. By solving the two-dimensional diffusion problem for a periodic train of steps using conformal mapping…
