SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This study examines how moisture content affects the flowability of a borosilicate glass batch intended for granulation, using the batch composition employed at the Novosibirsk Ekran plant. Flowability was evaluated as the inverse of cohesiveness, measured by shear resistance of freely poured materi…
This paper examines how firing temperature and clay preparation affect the mechanical strength and water stability of building brick made from low-melting loams. It argues that strength development is governed primarily by the finely dispersed and colloidal components of the clay mass, rather than o…
This study examines the stability of protoenstatite, the metastable crystalline phase present in steatite ceramics, as a factor in ceramic aging. The authors propose an X-ray diffraction method that compares intact and ground specimens, using peak half-widths, selected diffraction-line area ratios, …
This study examines phase formation in magnesium metasilicate during crystallization of a stoichiometric MgSiO3 melt, focusing on the sequence of polymorphic transformations under different cooling conditions. Using quenching at varying degrees of supercooling, along with optical, density, and X-ray…
This paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of reactions in the CaCO3, CaO, ZrSiO4 system in order to estimate the sequence of formation and relative stability of zirconium-containing compounds. Isobaric potential changes were calculated for proposed reactions at ZrSiO4:CaO ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and …
This study examines the thermal decomposition kinetics of high-quality talc from the Alguy and Onot deposits, a process relevant to the heat treatment of steatite ceramics. Weight loss during isothermal heating was measured with a torsion balance on thin pre-fired samples held for 30 minutes at sele…
Thermal decomposition of lead and silver azides containing small amounts of divalent copper was studied by gas evolution measurements, mass spectrometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Copper additives sharply increased the initial decomposition rate in both azides, altered the appearance and …
This study examines how heterogeneous impurities affect the thermal stability and decomposition behavior of silver azide. Using vacuum gravimetric measurements at 235°C, the authors compare silver azide prepared by two methods and test additions of copper oxides, copper sulfides, copper selenide, an…
A titrimetric method is described for determining macroquantities of barium in barium salts, addressing limitations of gravimetric and complexometric procedures, especially their duration, reduced accuracy in complex mixtures, and interference from related cations. The method precipitates barium as …
A sorption-photometric procedure is described for determining trace titanium, copper, and iron from a single weighed sample of phosphor L-34 and related production materials, including calcium carbonate and calcium hydrogen phosphate. Samples are decomposed in concentrated purified hydrochloric acid…
The study examines the use of anion exchange to separate and concentrate trace titanium from hydrochloric acid media, with the aim of extending existing procedures for trace iron and copper to simultaneous analysis of titanium in materials used for phosphor production. Titanium chloride complex sorp…
This paper describes a chromatographic ion exchange procedure for separating and concentrating trace copper and iron from hydrochloric acid solutions. The method exploits the much stronger sorption of iron than copper on ceralite FF in 9 N hydrochloric acid, while copper is subsequently retained on …
This paper develops polarographic procedures for determining trace titanium in L-34 phosphor, an analytically difficult material because of limited solubility and matrix impurities. The authors evaluate oxalic acid in sulfuric acid as a supporting electrolyte and propose two separation approaches: e…
A procedure is presented for highly sensitive determination of silver and mercury in lead and zinc ores by stripping polarography with accumulation on a graphite electrode. Because simultaneous determination is limited by the silver to mercury ratio, the method uses dithizone extraction followed by …
This paper reports a polarographic study of mixed potentials in nonequilibrium irreversible redox systems at a dropping amalgam electrode, focusing on zinc amalgam with oxygen in alkaline solution and zinc amalgam with copper ions in ammoniacal solution. Complex polarograms were analyzed to relate c…
The paper examines the time required for metals accumulated in a mercury amalgam electrode to be released during anodic polarization by direct current, a condition relevant to repeated use of electrodes in anodic amalgam voltammetry. Starting from a previously derived diffusion expression for metal …
This paper develops a theoretical basis for using amalgam chronopotentiometry with accumulation at a mercury film electrode to study equilibrium metal complexes. Assuming reversible electrode behavior, excess ligand concentration, and mobile equilibrium between free metal ions, ligand, and complex i…
Equations are developed for current, voltage curves of quasi-reversible electrode processes under linearly varying potential at mercury film, planar, and spherical electrodes. Using expressions for surface concentrations, the authors derive integral forms for the current and solve them numerically a…
This paper examines how short-term voltage fluctuations in networks supplying gas-discharge, chiefly fluorescent, lighting affect visual performance, work productivity, and perceived flicker. The authors conducted three experiments with controlled fluctuation depth and frequency, measuring physiolog…
The paper addresses assessment of voltage asymmetry in three-phase electrical networks, where negative- and zero-sequence components can cause additional heating and capacity underutilization in machines and transformers. It argues that point calculations of sequence voltages are insufficient for fl…
The paper formulates constraint conditions and functional relationships needed in mathematical programming models for selecting equipment parameters and controlling operating regimes of long-distance AC transmission lines and interconnected power systems. It derives voltage distribution constraints …
The paper addresses the optimization of long-distance AC transmission lines with terminal and intermediate systems, emphasizing that compensation, operating regimes, and equipment parameters should be selected as a coupled multiparameter problem rather than through isolated local decisions. It formu…
This paper formulates static stability constraints for long-distance power transmission lines with intermediate systems in terms of operating parameters such as bus voltages, phase angles, generator electromotive forces, and transformer ratios. It derives small-disturbance equations for generator ro…
This paper addresses the economic control of active power operating modes in interconnected power systems that include long distance high voltage AC transmission lines and intermediate systems. It formulates an optimization approach for distributing active power among sources over a load schedule, a…
This paper examines reactive power control in interconnected electric power systems using long distance high voltage AC transmission lines, with particular attention to intermediate systems that affect voltage profiles, reactive flow distribution, losses, and reliability. It formulates the operating…
The paper examines how shifting the brushes, and thus the commutation point, affects the external characteristic of a rod electrostatic generator operating on the linear part of its load characteristic. Using an electrostatic analogy method with partial capacitances, the authors adapt earlier expres…
This paper examines how external operating factors affect the output voltage and current of a small self-excited electrostatic generator. Experiments varied load resistance, gas pressure and composition inside the housing, and drive motor supply voltage, with particular attention to the stabilizing …
The paper analyzes stationary behavior and relay effects in a dissipative series ferroresonant circuit with steel losses and constant bias magnetization. Using harmonic and energy balance together with a quadratic form based on bifurcation theory, it derives conditions for stability boundaries, crit…
This article derives an expression for the maximum rating of core-type smoothing reactors with a distributed magnetic gap and coil winding. Using equivalent reactor power, flux-linkage components, an idealized plane-parallel magnetic field, and a winding heat-balance relation, it reduces the rating …
The paper describes a device for continuous monitoring of generator stator winding insulation resistance during operation at the Irkutsk Hydroelectric Power Station. It motivates the need for monitoring under energized conditions, especially when insulation resistance approaches permissible limits, …
The paper develops an input-output representation for stationary linear dynamic systems with lumped parameters using the method of representing vectors. Starting from a differential equation with zero initial conditions, it replaces repeated integration by powers of an integration matrix, preferably…
The paper develops an analytical method for calculating currents in parametric electrical circuits with one periodically varying inductance or capacitance connected to a passive two-terminal network. The circuit equation is transformed by the Laplace method into a Volterra integral equation and then…
This paper examines the leakage inductance of a straight conductor placed in a rectangular slot with ferromagnetic walls, a problem relevant to rotating electrical machines. Using standard idealizations, including infinite wall permeability and neglect of field fringing at the slot opening, the magn…
This paper reports an experimental study of current pulsations in electrostatic generators with conducting conveyors, focusing on how inductor width, grounded generator elements, and load resistance affect ripple amplitude. Using statistically processed oscillograms from a disk generator with interc…
This paper examines the miniaturization of strip transmission delay lines using a meander, or zigzag, central conductor while retaining an approximately linear phase-frequency characteristic. It analyzes phase delay and phase distortion in coupled meander sections, relating them to the ratio of self…
This paper presents a graph-analytical technique for splitting field-vector flow in the method of expected flow paths, addressing cases where symmetry-based division is insufficient for systems of bodies with specified potential differences or isolated bodies of complex form. The proposed procedure …
The paper develops a mathematical description of the stator, or external, electric field in electrostatic generators with conductor carriers embedded in a dielectric. Using a plane, quasistatic, linear three-layer model of the rotor and gas gaps, it formulates the field calculation as a Dirichlet pr…
This paper presents an electrical modeling approach for studying the field of a cylindrical electrostatic generator with carrier conveyors, where direct analytical calculation and measurement in the narrow air gap are impractical. The authors describe an electrolytic bath model that represents stato…
The paper derives engineering formulas for the impedance of coaxial tubular conductors carrying sinusoidal current when skin effect is significant and the tube wall thickness is comparable with the penetration depth. Using Maxwell’s equations in cylindrical coordinates, the electric and magnetic fie…
The paper examines design principles for equipment used to verify electronic AC voltmeters as accuracy requirements approach 0.01 percent in the audio-frequency range. It compares verification schemes based on instrument comparison and on applying a known calibrated signal, arguing that generator-ca…
This paper generalizes a parameter optimization method for linear automatic control systems based on Chebyshev exponential functions, extending it from a first order desired transfer function to higher order rational desired transfer functions. The authors formulate the transient error as an expansi…
This article surveys the pedagogical and scientific development of the Department of Higher Mathematics at Tomsk Polytechnic Institute from its founding in 1900 through the early 1970s. It reconstructs changes in curricula, teaching methods, staffing, and institutional organization, including early …
The paper examines the use of energy and power balance relations as a basis for analyzing both linear and nonlinear electrical circuits. It reformulates the derivation of Kirchhoff’s voltage law for linear circuits through power balance conditions connected with Lagrangian equations, then extends th…
The paper addresses the delay of pulse-width-modulated pulse sequences in cases where the delay is comparable to the repetition period and the pulse duration information must be preserved. It proposes a circuit solution that uses a flip-flop, coincidence and anticoincidence circuits, differentiating…
This paper examines combined tracking systems in which the error signal of a special correcting system is introduced to improve the operating quality of a power tracking system. Using transfer-function analysis, the authors derive parameter relationships that provide partial invariance by compensati…
This paper derives an analytical transfer function for an indirectly heated resistance furnace with rectangular cross section, treating the furnace wall as a one-dimensional plate with internal heat sources and third-kind boundary conditions. The heat-conduction equation and linearized heat-balance …
This paper addresses the coding of functions in a specialized digital device for optimizing the electron injection moment in a betatron. It argues for a tabular representation of the functions defining the injection phase, rather than analytical computation, because the required memory is modest and…
The paper proposes a method for separating an additive mixture of periodic pulse sequences, motivated by limitations of correlation-based radar signal separation such as long processing time, sensitivity to short sequences, and poor resolution for close frequencies. The method converts the one-dimen…
This paper analyzes the coupled stabilization of injection pulse voltage and injector cathode emission current in a betatron as a two-variable automatic control system. After linearizing the mutual influence of voltage and current and including mains-voltage disturbances, it formulates the system in…
The paper addresses the allocation of a fixed number of monitoring checkpoints among devices in a radio-electronic complex so as to maximize the probability that an automatic monitoring system detects a single device fault. Using known device reliability probabilities and per-checkpoint fault detect…
