SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
A mercurimetric procedure is described for determining chlorine, bromine, and iodine in organic compounds after decomposition of small samples with metallic sodium in a steel bomb. The method uses mercuric nitrate titration with a mixed diphenylcarbazone and beta-nitroso-alpha-naphthol indicator, fo…
This paper examines the composition and genesis of Upper Cretaceous coastal marine sedimentary iron ores in Tomsk Oblast, focusing on hydrogoethite, chlorite hydrogoethite, and hydrogoethite siderite varieties. Using chemical analyses of whole rocks and grain size fractions, petrographic study, heav…
This study applies visual polythermal thermal analysis to amine and phenol systems relevant to aramination, examining quinizarin with p-toluidine and resorcinol with p-toluidine, o-toluidine, and aniline before and after heating to 200°C. Liquidus and crystallization curves are used to infer chemica…
This study examines chemical interaction in binary systems of formic acid with para-toluidine and ortho-toluidine by physicochemical analysis. Electrical conductivity, viscosity, and density were measured at several temperatures, and conductivity was also corrected for viscosity to distinguish compo…
This paper investigates the length of two-front flames produced by partially premixed mixtures of water gas and air in atmospheric burners. Experiments with four burner diameters measured inner kinetic flame length and total kinetic-diffusion flame length over varied mixture composition, efflux velo…
This study examines how the bituminous portion of Yarsk brown coal behaves during boiling with dilute aqueous alkali solutions, with attention to improving raw material preparation for montan wax extraction. Coal was treated with 1 to 3 percent solutions of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and…
This paper examines practical ways to increase the bulk density of coal charge in coke oven chambers, a measure linked to higher oven productivity and the ability to use leaner coking blends. After reviewing limitations of moisture adjustment, freezing, differential grinding, oil additives, tamping,…
This paper describes a more economical preparation of 4(5)-nitroimidazolecarboxylic acid, an intermediate relevant to syntheses of xanthine and related purine derivatives. The authors review earlier routes with limited yields, then present a procedure starting from 4(5)-hydroxymethylimidazole obtain…
This paper investigates the dyeing behavior of nitroso derivatives of carbazole, motivated by earlier work on nitroso aromatic amines that form dyes directly on textile fibers. The authors examine the condensation of N-nitrosocarbazole and 3-nitrosocarbazole with aromatic amines and phenols in acidi…
This study examines acid-catalyzed condensation reactions of antipyrine with selected saturated and aromatic aldehydes and ketones, motivated by the analytical utility of diantipyryl methane derivatives. The work describes preparations, isolation procedures, solubilities, melting points, acid-base t…
A simple laboratory generator is described for producing water gas or carbon monoxide by passing steam or carbon dioxide through an electrically heated bed of carbonaceous material. The design uses two electrodes, a quartz tube, a water seal, and an adjustable fuel layer, avoiding joints in the high…
This paper addresses the analytical separation of tantalum from niobium, a difficult problem because of their similar chemistry and the influence of associated elements. The authors examine the behavior of tannin compounds of tantalum and niobium in oxalic, hydrochloric, and sulfuric acids using gra…
This study examines direct halogenation of benzoic acid and monohalogenated benzenes in a sulfuric and nitric acid mixture, treated as a catalytic medium that activates both the aromatic substrate and elemental halogen. Experiments with iodine, bromine, and chlorine showed that iodination and bromin…
This paper examines excessive fuel consumption in glass-melting furnaces at the Tomsk Electric-Lamp Plant. The authors installed gas metering diaphragms, introduced forced air supply to the regenerators for more controllable regulation, and measured gas and air flows together with combustion-product…
This study examines the complex formation of piperidine hydrobromide with arsenic, antimony, and bismuth bromides in concentrated hydrobromic acid, extending earlier work on halide complexes of organic bases. The author prepared the metal bromides in situ from the corresponding oxides or used bromid…
This study compares the behavior of aluminum chloride, ferric chloride, and antimony pentachloride as catalysts in selected Gustavson-Friedel-Crafts reactions of benzene with benzoyl chloride and ethyl nitrate, with additional experiments on benzene, butyl chloride, and antimony pentachloride. Produ…
This study examines how heating temperature affects the caking ability of Kuznetsk gas coals and their mixtures with lean additives relevant to medium-temperature coking. Using Gebler softness numbers measured over a range of temperatures, the authors compare pure gas coals with mixtures containing …
This paper describes the tar contamination problem in water gas produced from Aralichevskoye hard coal and the development of a centrifugal three-stage needle tar separator to prevent clogging of small atmospheric burners. The authors characterize the operating gasification conditions, tar concentra…
This paper addresses the analytical separation of titanium, a common associate of tantalum and niobium in mineral raw materials, from the corresponding earthy acids. The authors compare limitations of existing procedures and experimentally examine the solubility of titanium tannin compounds, prepare…
This paper investigates the behavior of tannin compounds of tin, zirconium, and tungsten under conditions used for the analytical separation of tantalum and niobium in tantaloniobates and related industrial products. Through qualitative and quantitative solubility experiments, the authors show that …
This paper examines practical nitration procedures for benzoic and salicylic acids, focusing on simpler preparation of m-nitrobenzoic acid and 5-nitrosalicylic acid. Benzoic acid was nitrated with a sulfuric and nitric acid mixture, giving m-nitrobenzoic acid that could be purified by crystallizatio…
This study examines whether iodide salts promote deiodination of vicinal diiodo organic compounds, a step proposed in the dehalogenation of organic dihalogen derivatives. Using 1,2-diiodopropyl alcohol prepared from allyl alcohol and iodine, the authors measured iodine liberation in alcoholic and ac…
This study examines binary systems of formic acid with the aromatic amines o-toluidine, dimethylaniline, and diphenylamine using visual polythermal thermal analysis. Crystallization temperatures were used to construct liquidus curves and assess whether mixing leads to chemical interaction and compou…
This study examines whether aqueous organic solvents can reduce the relatively high solubility of silver bromate, a precipitate considered advantageous for gravimetric analysis because of its stability, crystallinity, rapid settling, and low tendency to form colloids. The authors measured the solubi…
This paper reports the synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of a series of acyl derivatives of 4-aminoantipyrine, compounds of interest because related antipyrine derivatives were known analgesic and antipyretic agents. The authors prepared aromatic acylaminoantipyrines by acylating …
This study examines complex formation between alcohols and phenols in solution, extending earlier work on phenol complexes with other organic compounds. Thirty one alcohol, phenol systems were investigated by the electrochemical method of Tronov and Kulev, refractive index measurements, and, for sel…
This paper examines how the catalytic activity of metal oxides in the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide under pressure relates to the oxygen dissociation elasticity of the oxides. By comparing reported oxidation degrees at about 700°C with oxide dissociation pressures, the authors argue that high…
This study examines how the electronic structure and semiconductor properties of metal oxides relate to their catalytic activity in the oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide under elevated pressure. Using comparative measurements across numerous oxides, the authors relate activity to transition metal…
This study examines how the preparation method of cobalt oxide affects its catalytic activity for ammonia oxidation to nitric oxide at 8 kg/cm², a pressure relevant to nitric acid production. Three Co3O4 catalysts, prepared by thermal decomposition of cobalt nitrate, thermal decomposition of cobalt …
This study examines ammonia oxidation to nitric oxide under elevated pressure over non-platinum iron, bismuth, and manganese oxide catalysts, motivated by the use of pressurized nitric acid production and the cost of platinum catalysts. Catalysts with 5.0 to 19.8 wt.% manganese dioxide and a fixed i…
This study examines how structural features of azo derivatives of salicylic and alpha-hydroxynaphthoic acids relate to insecticidal activity, motivated by the possibility that toxicity may depend on the ability to form intracomplex metal salts through adjacent hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. A series …
This paper reports the preparation and characterization of several esters of 4(5)-aminoimidazole-5(4)-carboxylic acid, compounds of interest as intermediates for medicinally relevant substances such as caffeine and theobromine. Nitro ester precursors were reduced mainly with cast-iron filings in ele…
This study examines the occurrence of complex molecular compounds, especially those containing three or more molecules of one component, in liquid phenol-containing systems. Using physicochemical analysis, including fusibility measurements, cryoscopy, molecular-weight determinations, viscosity, dens…
This study examines the use of highly dispersed electrolytic iron powder as an active filler to improve the strength and heat resistance of polymeric materials. Polyamide resin-68, high-pressure polyethylene, and phenol-formaldehyde resol resin were filled with varying amounts of iron powder, presse…
This study examines how oxygen and water vapor affect the electrical conductivity of polycrystalline zinc oxide sensitized with erythrosin under illumination in both the intrinsic absorption region and the visible sensitization region. Conductivity measurements in humid air, dry air, vacuum, and aft…
This paper examines the mechanism by which palladium salts react with olefins in hydroxyl-containing solvents, with particular attention to whether decomposition of palladium olefin complexes proceeds through hydroxyalkyl or vinyl intermediates. The authors compare reactions of ethylene palladium ch…
This study examines the mechanism of cesium ion thermionic emission from aluminosilicate ion exchangers, focusing on the role of chemical interaction between the emitter and metallic substrate or added powders. Experiments on a mass spectrometer compared purified platinum, tantalum, and platinum wit…
This paper examines differential protection of generators using balancing of the no-load electromotive forces of current transformers, focusing on how protection behavior changes with generator rating. Experiments with a pair of current transformers having substantially different no-load characteris…
The paper develops a design formulation for the motor-converter section of an asynchronous brushless frequency converter, in which the induction motor and asynchronous converter share a common magnetic circuit. Using standard electric machine design relations, it derives an expression for the princi…
This paper analyzes current commutation in electric machines while explicitly accounting for mutual inductance between simultaneously commutated armature sections, an effect often omitted in analytical treatments. Using a hyperbolic dependence of brush contact resistance on current density to simpli…
This article surveys the development and classification of spatial mechanisms for generating ellipses, emphasizing their limited use in drafting practice and the lack of reliable data on their accuracy. It proposes a classification based on the theoretical errors arising from structural principles a…
The paper addresses the selection of the aerodynamic operating mode of a wind power plant that maximizes annual electric energy production, focusing on the optimal rotational speed of the wind wheel. It develops a graphical and analytical method based on duration curves, wind motor characteristics, …
This paper analyzes a high-power converter using a single-stage forced commutation circuit with an auxiliary transformer and capacitors, motivated by the reactive-power consumption of controlled rectifiers and inverters. Under simplifying assumptions neglecting losses, magnetizing current, stray cap…
This study examines how modifying additives alter the activity and selectivity of zinc oxide in the dehydrogenation and dehydration of isopropyl alcohol. Zinc oxide samples containing sodium oxide, lithium oxide, or zinc sulfate were compared using catalytic kinetics, adsorption and desorption measu…
This study examines how minority carriers affect the anodic dissolution of n-type electronic germanium, focusing on the current multiplication coefficient associated with hole participation at the germanium, electrolyte interface. Using a thin germanium disk with a p-n junction to inject holes, the …
The paper addresses the difficulty of measuring absorption spectra of optically anisotropic mineral microcrystals in polarized light, especially when available spectrophotometers require relatively large crystals or time-consuming calculations. It describes a microspectrophotometric setup combining …
The paper examines how inorganic and organic cations influence the polarographic reduction of indium ions at a dropping mercury electrode in chloride media. Polarization curves were measured for solutions containing alkali, alkaline earth, lanthanum, and tetraalkylammonium cations, and chloride comp…
The paper studies the spectral relationship between two operators associated with a class of variable-coefficient differential systems of S. L. Sobolev type on a bounded smooth domain. One operator acts on a Hilbert space of solenoidal vector fields and is generated by the system, while the other is…
This paper analyzes proportional navigation for arbitrary integer values of the navigation constant, extending earlier treatments that were largely confined to the case b = 2 and often required numerical integration. The authors derive closed-form trajectory equations from the kinematic system, givi…
The paper studies transitive spectra of finite complexes with simplicial onto projections and their limit spaces, addressing Aleksandrov’s problem of relating such spectra to bicompacta. It introduces essential simplices, threads, Hausdorff separation, separating subspectra, and extremal spectra, pr…
