SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This article refines the theory of a video amplifier stage with cathode correction by accounting for time variations of the input and output dynamic capacitances, an effect neglected in earlier calculations. Using an equivalent circuit, the authors derive expressions for the frequency distortion coe…
This paper examines the excitation of traveling waves in a closed, uniformly curved rectangular waveguide forming a toroidal resonator. Using the theory of wave propagation in bent waveguides, it relates the field structure, critical wavelength, guide wavelength, and phase velocity to the resonator …
This paper describes a single-contact diaphragm pressure sensor and an electronic spark generator developed to improve the TL pneumatic indicator used for internal-combustion engine pressure diagrams. The authors identify contact burning, unstable sparking, and point scatter as consequences of placi…
This paper describes the development of multichannel phase-measuring equipment for determining phase differences between pulsed meteor radio reflections received by spaced antennas. It outlines the technical constraints imposed by short, noise-comparable signals, variable amplitudes, megahertz carri…
This paper describes a phasemeter for measuring the phase shift between the high-frequency fillings of short radar pulses, motivated by radio observations of weak, short-lived meteor reflections received by spaced antennas. The proposed instrument uses a two-channel receiver, a resonant wideband cir…
This paper describes the development of a pulse phasemeter using an oscillographic linear sweep for measuring phase shifts between high-frequency fillings of short radar-type signal pulses, including weak signals comparable with noise. The authors present a circuit with two-channel amplification, pu…
This paper addresses the selection of receiving-amplifying tubes for multistage broadband resonant amplifiers, where designers must balance gain, resistance to self-excitation, passband stability after tube replacement, and efficient use of supply power. It derives an optimality condition by equatin…
This paper proposes a photographic method for recording radio signals from artificial Earth satellites as an alternative to magnetic tape recording. The described apparatus records signal shape and level, Doppler frequency readings, timing, and attenuation on continuously moving standard motion-pict…
This paper analyzes systematic errors in measuring meteor velocities by the radio diffraction method, comparing the oscillations of the diffraction signal envelope with the beat periods expected for reflection from a moving point target. Using the geometry of Fresnel zones and Cornu’s spiral, it der…
This paper analyzes errors in meteor velocity measurements made by the spaced-receiver radio method, where velocity is inferred from the time a meteor takes to pass between reflecting points on its trail. It argues that resonance effects in nonpersistent meteor trails can delay diffraction patterns …
This paper analyzes phase transients in a single-tuned resonant amplifier, motivated by errors in measuring the phase shift between radio pulses when the carrier frequency or amplifier tuning is imperfect. Using an equivalent circuit and Laplace-transform treatment of a sinusoidal pulse input, it de…
Field tests were conducted to evaluate generator differential protection based on balancing the no-load electromotive forces of current transformers, with attention to thermal stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and relay behavior under internal and external short circuits. Experimental current tra…
This paper examines longitudinal differential protection of generators using a scheme with balanced secondary electromotive forces, addressing the problem of maintaining selectivity and reliability under external short circuits and faults in protection circuits. On the basis of experimental measurem…
This paper examines how the ratio of secondary circuit arm parameters affects unbalance current in transformer differential protection during external short circuits. It derives steady state balance conditions for several protection arrangements, including circuits with autotransformers, saturating …
This paper examines self-oscillatory phenomena in a generator motor electromechanical system, emphasizing nonlinear effects that are often neglected in analyses of transient processes in electric drives. Using methods from nonlinear oscillation theory, the author models the generator characteristic …
The paper addresses the calculation of reactive power consumed by induction machines as a function of load, a problem important for network loss estimates, reactive-power curves, and sizing compensating equipment. It derives an analytical active-reactive power relation from the induction-machine cir…
This paper examines the determination of turbogenerator impedance for calculating currents in symmetrical three-phase internal short circuits, especially faults near the stator neutral. It critiques the common first-approximation method in which induced emf and resistance are scaled by the fraction …
This paper examines asynchronous operating regimes of three-phase electrical machines with asymmetric rotors, including magnetic, electrical, and combined asymmetry. Using the method of rotating magnetic fields and vector analysis, it derives steady-state expressions for stator current, flux linkage…
This paper develops analytical expressions for the current and self-induction electromotive force in the short-circuited commutator section of universal motors operating on alternating current. Arguing that classical commutation theory is unsuitable for these machines because of their high section r…
This paper addresses experimental determination of key parameters of synchronous reluctance motors, especially where conventional slip methods are unsuitable for machines with short circuited starting windings. It describes a test arrangement using a mechanically coupled synchronous motor with a rot…
This paper examines the selection of a uniform conductor cross section for power transmission lines with distributed loads, especially where intersystem transmission may also support railway electrification or other intermediate consumers. It formulates annual line costs as the sum of capital-relate…
This paper addresses the choice of a single conductor cross-section for power transmission lines serving distributed loads, a problem arising when intersystem ties also supply railway, industrial, or domestic consumers. It formulates annual costs as the sum of capital-related charges and the cost of…
This paper examines how grounding a disconnected phase in long high-voltage transmission lines affects asymmetry during incomplete-phase operation, including cases arising from sustained ground faults or phase-by-phase repair. It argues that although grounding changes the sequence parameters of the …
This paper addresses the calculation of prolonged open-phase operating conditions in long high-voltage transmission lines equipped with phase-by-phase control and single-phase automatic reclosing. It develops a method based on symmetrical components and matrix-vector parameters, reducing interruptio…
This paper formulates and solves a coupled nonstationary heat and moisture transfer problem for a moist capillary porous body with internal evaporation, specialized to an infinite plate subject to a prescribed surface temperature and ideal moisture insulation. Using Laplace transforms, it derives se…
This paper examines the grain-size composition and potential technical value of freshly deposited mine waste from the Stalin mine in the Prokopyevsk coal field, in the context of problems caused by spoil heaps and the limited use of burnt dump rock. Samples collected from a fresh waste-heap fill wer…
This paper addresses the design of shield supports for mining very thick inclined coal seams, a setting where existing shield-roofing practice was largely limited to steep seams. Drawing on Kuzbass operating experience, elementary kinematic analysis, and force-diagram reasoning, it proposes a paired…
The paper examines analytical equations used to describe the particle size distribution of hard coals and argues that established formulas by Andreev, Rosin and Rammler, Chernyi, and Beloglazov do not adequately represent the coarser size classes. Using logarithmic transformations of experimental si…
This paper examines whether preliminary emulsification of sparingly water-soluble nonpolar flotation reagents can intensify the industrial flotation of coal fines, and describes a procedure for testing flotation machines under controlled plant conditions. The authors used a simple water-jet pump as …
This paper examines the suitability of brown coal from the Yarskoye deposit in Tomsk Oblast for briquetting as a means of improving its use as a local fuel. A laboratory sample was characterized by technical analysis and then tested under varying pressing pressures, moisture contents, temperatures, …
This paper examines the preparatory period in coal mine construction as a major source of delay in the commissioning of new capacity. Using design data, standard schedules, and actual construction records from Kuzbass and Karaganda mines, it compares planned and realized durations, monthly work volu…
This article argues for the national economic importance of intensifying production at existing Soviet industrial enterprises through equipment renewal, modernization, mechanization, automation, reconstruction, and better organization of labor. Drawing on plant-level examples, equipment census data,…
This study examines resistance to drill rotation in percussive-rotary blasthole drilling with independent drill rotation, focusing on how torque depends on axial feed force. Laboratory experiments were carried out on a specially built drilling stand using pneumatic hammer equipment, a calibrated tor…
This paper discusses how to select the operating mode of auxiliary ventilation fans for blind mine workings with variable duct resistance. It outlines the use of fan and network characteristics based on total or static pressure, emphasizing the need to account for dynamic head, leakage, duct type, a…
The paper examines the economic conditions under which auxiliary ventilation fans should be used for ventilating blind preparatory mine workings instead of relying on the pressure of the main mine fan through crosscuts and regulating stoppings. It revises prior techno-economic treatment by explicitl…
This paper addresses the calculation and selection of steel wire ropes for mine hoisting installations, arguing that prevailing practice emphasizes safety requirements while giving insufficient attention to economic efficiency. It proposes a design method that begins with the justified load capacity…
This paper presents an analytical method for calculating stepped starting rheostats for asynchronous mine hoisting machines under contactor control, addressing errors and practical difficulties associated with earlier graphical methods based on rectified mechanical characteristics. The method specif…
This paper examines how permissible braking distance constrains the size of trains hauled by mine electric locomotives, especially as heavier and faster contact locomotives and larger mine cars are introduced. Using traction, adhesion, motor heating, and braking calculations for several locomotive t…
This paper examines the capacitance and dielectric loss behavior of GRShS flexible mining cables when used for high-frequency signal transmission, a purpose for which their standard construction was not originally intended. It analyzes the asymmetrical cable geometry through partial-capacitance equi…
This paper examines the stability of motion in AC machines with asymmetric rotors, especially synchronous and synchronous-reluctance motors, focusing on pulling into synchronism and oscillatory behavior. It formulates the rotor motion equation under common assumptions that asynchronous torque is pro…
This paper analyzes the physical origin of undamped oscillations in a shunt-excited exciter connected to a generator field winding, with emphasis on parameter ratios and nonlinear magnetization effects. Using graphical stability arguments, linearized differential equations, energy considerations, an…
This paper examines transient processes in a direct-current system consisting of a shunt exciter and a generator field winding, with particular attention to the nonlinear dependence of exciter electromotive force on excitation current. After stating simplifying assumptions, it approximates the excit…
This paper investigates self-oscillations in a generator motor drive using series-excited machines, a system valued for simple speed control but limited by possible current and speed oscillations. It develops static and dynamic characteristic constructions that include nonlinear generator and motor …
This paper examines circuit choices for a three-phase ferromagnetic frequency tripler intended to supply low-power asynchronous motors at 150 cycles per second. It compares known magnetic-core and transformer arrangements, argues that a six single-phase-transformer scheme with two-phase generation a…
This paper proposes a static resonant three-phase frequency tripler intended for applications such as lightweight high-frequency hand tools and induction heating. The authors analyze a ferroresonant circuit combining a capacitor and a saturating reactor, derive the harmonic components of the reactor…
This paper addresses selective ground-fault protection for isolated-neutral electrical networks, where small capacitive fault currents can still create serious fire or explosion hazards and conventional sensitive leakage protection lacks selectivity among multiple feeders. It proposes a phase-sensit…
This paper addresses the problem of making remote-control circuits for explosion-proof magnetic starters safer in mines where gas and dust ignition is a hazard, noting that existing reduced-voltage alternating-current control circuits retain dangerous inductance and current levels. It proposes using…
This paper addresses the problem of defining a single physically meaningful quantity that characterizes the type of electronic configuration of neutral atoms across the periodic system. Using the rule of successive filling of groups classified by the sum of the principal and orbital quantum numbers,…
This note examines whether the axiomatic approach to quantum field theory is sufficient to determine perturbation theory without explicitly postulating Hamiltonian field equations. Using the scattering matrix formulation, it expands the matrix in normal products of a scalar out-field and derives, fr…
