SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
This study investigates the polymorphism of zirconium dioxide in thin films by transmission electron diffraction, addressing conflicting reports on bulk ZrO2 transformations and uncertainty about oxide films formed on zirconium during corrosion. Thin zirconium films prepared by vacuum evaporation we…
The paper studies solvability of boundary value problems for general second order partial differential operators, including nonelliptic cases, in a class of generalized solutions. Using negative Sobolev norms and a Hilbert space constructed from the differential expression, it formulates solvability…
The paper extends Chaplygin’s equation for steady gas flow by identifying an additional separable family of particular solutions for the stream function. It analyzes the associated differential equation, transforms it to a spectral form, and derives inversion formulas using asymptotic series for two…
This study addresses the limited reliable data on stereoisomeric dialkylcyclohexanes, focusing on whether 1-methyl-2-n-alkylcyclohexanes show exceptions to the Auwers-Skita rule observed in some related systems. The authors synthesized 1-methyl-2-n-propyl-, 1-methyl-2-n-hexyl-, and 1-methyl-2-n-hept…
This paper develops an analytical treatment of commutation in commutator machines for cases where the process is governed primarily by contact conductivity under the brushes. Starting from the classical Arnold and Mie commutation equation, it expresses the additional commutation current through inco…
This paper addresses the problem of comparing nonnegative integers represented in the Czech number system, a residue number system with pairwise prime moduli, under the assumption that 2 is included among the bases. It introduces the notion of a tabular difference and proves criteria reducing compar…
The paper studies best uniform Chebyshev approximation on the interval [0,1] of analytic functions by algebraic polynomials of bounded degree, focusing on the distribution of extremal deviations and its relation to known extremal polynomials of finite functionals. It proves representation criteria e…
This paper studies linear differential systems with meromorphic coefficients that are invariant under a fractional linear transformation, with attention to cases not covered by classical Floquet and Picard theory. It analyzes the transformation of a fundamental matrix of solutions, reduces the assoc…
The paper studies uniform distribution modulo one of vector-valued functions satisfying a first-order linear finite-difference system with integer coefficients and nonsingular coefficient matrix. It proves a criterion under which such a solution is uniformly distributed in multidimensional space, as…
This study examines the radiation initiated oxidation of benzene to phenol in aqueous systems and the role of water in promoting a branched chain reaction mechanism. Using cobalt 60 irradiation in an autoclave at elevated oxygen pressure and temperatures from 20 to 220°C, the authors measured phenol…
This study examines hydrosilylation reactions of dialkyl and phenyl-substituted silanes containing Si-H bonds with terminal olefins, specifically octene-1, nonene-1, and decene-1. The authors carried out reactions mainly in sealed ampoules at 160 to 180°C using platinized carbon as catalyst, with se…
This note examines dispersion relations for reactions with a variable number of particles, using double Compton scattering on a nucleon as the main example and neglecting higher order electromagnetic corrections. Starting from Bogolyubov’s causality condition and translational invariance, the retard…
This paper examines how nonstationary kinetics in the initial stage affect the stimulation of liquid-phase oxidation reactions proceeding by degenerately branched chain mechanisms with quadratic chain termination. The authors formulate differential equations for radical and hydroperoxide accumulatio…
This paper studies finite difference methods for the one-dimensional heat equation with homogeneous boundary conditions, focusing on higher accuracy, stability, and two-sided approximation of the exact solution. It analyzes a parameterized difference scheme and gives conditions under which its error…
This study examines the electrochemical behavior and corrosion of titanium in sulfuric acid solutions over a wide concentration and temperature range. Corrosion measurements, electrode potential observations, polarization curves, and optical measurements of surface film thickness are used to relate …
This paper investigates whether the protective action of paint and varnish coatings against metal corrosion is determined solely by their permeability to aggressive substances. Using an electrochemical method with constant current and high applied voltage, the authors supplied equivalent amounts of …
This study examines the thermal transformation of phenol at 490 degrees under high hydrogen pressures in a stainless steel reactor, with product separation by rectification and identification of liquid, high boiling, and gaseous products. The experiments show that phenol conversion and benzene forma…
This paper generalizes V. A. Markov’s inequalities for derivatives of algebraic polynomials on the interval [-1, 1] under a weighted majorization condition involving |alpha x + i sqrt(1 - x^2)|. It proves sharp upper bounds for all derivatives of a polynomial of degree at most n, expressed through d…
This paper argues that arcs with cold metallic cathodes possess an internal instability that cannot be explained adequately by the conventional falling volt-ampere characteristic or by external-circuit negative resistance. Using observations of cathode-spot division, arc extinction, voltage pulses, …
This paper studies the two-point boundary-value problem for the nonlinear second-order differential equation y'' = f(x,y,y') with homogeneous endpoint conditions. It introduces comparison conditions based on positively homogeneous auxiliary functions and on the Sturm-theoretic decomposition of regul…
This paper examines the mechanism of anodic formation of dichromic acid during electrolysis of concentrated sodium dichromate solutions in a diaphragm cell with a lead dioxide anode. On the basis of electrode equilibria, anodic polarization data, and current efficiency trends, it argues that water o…
This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of previously unknown tris(triorganosilyl)vanadates containing V, O, Si linkages, a class of organosilicon derivatives of orthovanadic acid. Four preparative routes are examined: reaction of triorganosilanols with vanadium pentoxide with azeotr…
The paper studies a second order equation for a dissipative system with one degree of freedom, in which the dissipative force depends on velocity and both the coefficients and a small external force vary on a slow time scale. Using the method of model equations, it constructs an approximate solution…
This paper analyzes steady acoustic streaming produced by sound propagation in an absorbing medium when the acoustic Reynolds number is large and nonlinear distortion changes an initially sinusoidal wave into a sawtooth wave. Using an approximate second-order hydrodynamic treatment based on the Navi…
This paper examines whether regional Bouguer gravity anomalies in continental areas correspond to seismologically determined variations in the thickness of the Earth’s crust. Using published gravimetric and seismic data from regions including Central Asia, Western Siberia, Western Europe, the Alps, …
This study examines whether irreversible adsorption of optical sensitizing dyes on silver bromide can be used to produce a single photographic emulsion layer with independent spectral sensitization regions. Two portions of an iodide bromide silver positive emulsion were separately sensitized to red …
This study examines the SnTe, GeTe section of the ternary Sn, Ge, Te system, focusing on phase relations and property changes between two semiconductor compounds with metallic characteristics and different room-temperature structures. Alloys were prepared in evacuated quartz ampoules and investigate…
This paper examines why the classical autocatalysis equation often fails to describe isothermal thermal decomposition of condensed explosives in the liquid phase. The authors develop formal kinetic expressions that account for shrinkage of the reacting liquid volume as gaseous products are removed, …
The paper investigates the hydrolysis kinetics of boron trifluoride coordination compounds with amines, emphasizing how the nature of the coordinated base changes both rate and mechanism. Using titrimetric determination of unhydrolyzed complexes, the study measures first-order hydrolysis of ammonia …
This note extends Levin’s transformation-operator approach for scalar non-self-adjoint second-order differential equations on the half-axis to matrix differential systems with complex coefficients. Under integrability conditions on the matrix potential, it establishes the existence of a principal so…
The paper studies the direct and inverse scattering problem for the one-dimensional Schrödinger operator on the whole line with an integrable potential satisfying a first moment condition. It derives analytic, continuity, unitarity, and residue properties of the scattering matrix, relates its entrie…
This study examines graft copolymerization between vinyl chloride and butyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid copolymers, including both grafting of vinyl chloride onto a methacrylate latex and the reverse grafting of methacrylate monomers onto polyvinyl chloride latex. The authors synthesize the copol…
This paper examines irreversible catalytic hydrogen waves in polarography using quinine at a mercury dropping electrode as the principal catalyst. From polarographic measurements in buffered solutions, the lower portions of the quinine waves are shown to follow the equation for ordinary irreversible…
This note generalizes Mercer’s theorem for continuous symmetric positive kernels by constructing, from an arbitrary infinite sequence of bounded-variation constraints, a uniformly convergent bilinear expansion with a positive continuous residual kernel. It proves the positivity and convergence of th…
This paper examines new variants of the Arbuzov rearrangement involving the reaction of trialkyl phosphites with diacetyl as a pi conjugated diketone system. The study proposes a mechanistic scheme in which nucleophilic phosphorus attack is followed by formation of a cyclic intermediate, subsequent …
This paper studies generalized solutions of first-order evolution equations in a Hilbert space, with motivation from parabolic boundary-value problems. It establishes existence and uniqueness for a class of linear equations with time-dependent positive self-adjoint operators under weakened regularit…
The paper examines how concentration affects rheological constants in aluminum naphthenate oleogels in decalin, focusing on the lower structural strength limit and the corresponding critical velocity gradient. Using elastoviscosimetric measurements under constant shear stress and constant cylinder r…
This paper applies Bogolyubov’s variational principle to a more general superconducting Hamiltonian that includes, in addition to pairing of electrons with opposite momenta and spins, interaction terms with nonzero momentum transfer. After a canonical transformation to quasiparticle operators, the t…
This paper estimates interatomic interaction energies in iron chromium alloys and uses them to construct a metastable phase diagram for the system. New measurements of the alpha to gamma transformation, based on electrical resistivity changes in high purity alloys without prolonged high temperature …
This paper examines Friedel-Crafts type condensation reactions of toluene and p-xylene with acetic acid esters of gamma-acetylenic glycols in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride, in the context of earlier structural revisions for products formed from benzene and butynediol derivatives. The a…
The paper studies solutions of weakly perturbed differential systems in a neighborhood of periodic motions of an unperturbed system. Using a variation of constants and phase, it derives averaged equations for the slow evolution of the integrals defining the unperturbed periodic orbits, valid on time…
This note studies when Schauder’s theorem on complete continuity of adjoint operators extends from normed spaces to locally convex spaces. It introduces relative complete boundedness, strongly totally bounded sets, and two classes of locally convex spaces, types M0 and N, and proves polar set lemmas…
This study examines why nitro-substituted carbonyl compounds had previously failed in the Reformatsky reaction and tests a modified procedure for nitrobenzaldehydes. The authors argue that, unlike in Grignard reactions where nitro-group reduction is the main obstacle, nitro compounds inhibit formati…
This note studies positivity of linear functionals on commutative real algebras with identity, where non-negativity is defined by evaluation on all real homomorphisms normalized at the identity. It proves, for algebras with countably many generators, the equivalence between positivity of a functiona…
This paper investigates the orientation of dynamic birefringence in flowing polymer solutions, focusing on polystyrene fractions in dioxane where intrinsic anisotropy and shape anisotropy can contribute with opposite signs. Using optical measurements in a rotating flow apparatus, the study records h…
This note extends finite difference methods for second order parabolic equations to parabolic equations of arbitrary even spatial order with homogeneous even derivative boundary conditions. It constructs a weighted time discretization and central spatial difference scheme, derives corresponding disc…
This paper applies S. M. Lozinskii’s linearized error estimate for Adams numerical integration methods to the basic system of exterior ballistics, describing projectile motion under gravity and air resistance. It derives bounds for the matricant of the Jacobi matrix and for the integral terms enteri…
This paper reports a laboratory reproduction of the seismoelectric effect of the second kind, in which a seismic wave induces a potential difference in moist rock without prior electrical polarization. The experiment used a moistened shale rod driven at audio frequencies by a piezoelectric vibrator,…
This paper examines the alkylation of phenol with diisobutylene and triisobutylene using boron fluoride containing catalysts, including boron fluoride ethyl etherate, boron fluoride saturated orthophosphoric acid, and boron fluoride monohydrate. The authors varied catalyst type and amount, temperatu…
This paper examines simplifications of the stationary wind driven current equations for a deep, stably stratified baroclinic sea with vertical boundaries. Using order of magnitude estimates for oceanic horizontal scales of about 1000 km, it separates the motion into a shallow drift component governe…
