SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
This study examines liquid extraction of metal chelate compounds in systems containing two complex-forming agents, especially under conditions where either reagent alone gives insufficient extraction. A broad set of nitrogen bases, hydroxyquinoline derivatives, hydroxylamines, azo compounds, and rel…
This paper analyzes the stereochemistry of natural lignans derived from 2,6-diphenyl-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3,3,0]octane, whose structures were known but whose relative and absolute configurations had remained only partly established. By critically comparing published data on oxidative cleavage, epimeriza…
This study examines the mechanism of isotopic exchange between dialkylmercury and alkylmercury bromide using mercury-203 labeled, optically active 5-bromomercuri-2-methylhexane and bis-(2-methylhexyl-5)-mercury. The reaction was followed in absolute alcohol by separating the organomercury products, …
This paper presents a method for measuring the velocity of sound in detonation products and applies it to TNT and a 50/50 TNT, RDX alloy. The approach uses reflection of a detonation wave from a low dynamic rigidity inert plate, producing a rarefaction wave whose arrival at an electromagnetic pickup…
This study examines the addition of trichlorosilane to dialkyl, phenyl, and chloro substituted diallylsilanes in the presence of chloroplatinic acid as catalyst. The authors prepared a series of monoaddition and diaddition products, characterized them by boiling points and chlorine analysis, and rep…
This study examines the morphology of molecular packings in crystalline linear polyesters, motivated by small-angle X-ray patterns showing unusually strict periodicities of about 100 to 200 Å. Using electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and small-angle X-ray scattering on samples crystallized f…
This study examines the synthesis and reactivity of monocyclic secondary acetylenic alcohols derived from acetylene and substituted cyclohexene aldehydes. The authors prepare a series of such alcohols, investigate the effects of ring substituents on acetylene addition, and convert the products throu…
This paper examines anomalous features in the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide on oxide semiconductors, especially the preadsorption effect, water inhibition, and the influence of modifying oxide additives. It argues that several contradictions in earlier kinetic schemes can be reduced by appl…
The paper examines how chemical shifts in nuclear magnetic resonance reflect local magnetic fields and magnetic susceptibility properties in diamagnetic substances. Using recent theories of chemical shifts together with a method for decomposing total susceptibility into atomic or bond contributions,…
This study examines the addition of benzonitrile oxide to vinylacetylene and its methyl and ethyl homologs in order to determine whether reaction occurs at the double or triple bond and to assess the products as derivatives for hydrocarbon identification. The authors prepared the corresponding 3-phe…
This paper investigates the joint phenylation of trichlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride with benzene under high temperature and pressure, addressing the low yields caused by disproportionation and side reactions in direct trichlorosilane phenylation. The authors first show that silicon tetrachlor…
This paper examines the initiating effect of nitrosyl chloride on the low-temperature gas-phase oxidation of propane, with attention to the formation of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde. Experiments in a static apparatus at 250 degrees Celsius and 250 mm Hg compare propane oxidation without additives a…
This study reports the first sulfochlorination of 5,6-disubstituted pyrones-2, a reaction not previously described for this class of compounds. Heating several pyrones-2 with chlorosulfonic acid at 70 to 90°C gave crystalline pyrone-2-sulfochlorides in 30 to 50% yields, with the sulfochloride group …
This study examines how neutral electrolytes affect coagulation bonds between particles, focusing on the elementary interaction of mineral surfaces in solution. Using dimensional modeling, the author measures residual electrolyte layers and their resistance to thinning between polished quartz disks,…
This paper investigates the oxidation and radical behavior of dicyclohexylmercury under oxygen in several solvents, motivated by its apparent instability in air and its potential as a source of cyclohexyl radicals. Oxidation in isopropyl alcohol gives mercury, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexanone in appr…
The study examines reactions of sodium cyclopentadienide with alkoxytitanium chlorides as a route to cyclopentadienyl alkoxy derivatives of titanium. Mono-cyclopentadienyl triethoxy and tri-n-propoxy titanates, a bis-cyclopentadienyl ethoxy chloride, and mixed chloro-alkoxy cyclopentadienyl titanium…
This paper reports the first preparation of organomagnesium compounds in the isoxazole series, using 3,5-dimethyl-4-bromo- and 3,5-dimethyl-4-iodoisoxazole under entrainment conditions with ethyl bromide. Reaction conditions were compared by carbonation to 3,5-dimethylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid, sh…
This study examines the relative reactivity of benzene and alkylbenzenes in olefin alkylation catalyzed by boron trifluoride phosphoric acid, addressing whether benzene homologs are generally more reactive than benzene. The authors compare alkylation by propylene, butylenes, isobutylene, and cyclohe…
The study examines the kinetics and reaction pathways of butane and butane, butylene mixtures over an alumina, chromia catalyst at 600 to 635 °C and atmospheric pressure. Flow experiments with binary mixtures of butane with butylene, butadiene, or hydrogen, and with butylene or butadiene diluted by …
This study examines reactions of diborane with butyl esters of diarylboronic and arylboronic acids in diethyl ether at room temperature. The authors show that diarylboronic acid esters react readily to give 1,2-diaryldiboranes, including diphenyl, di-p-chlorophenyl, and di-alpha-naphthyl derivatives…
This study examines how the cation in acetate salts influences anodic processes and product yields in Kolbe electrosynthesis on platinum electrodes. Polarization measurements with alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, tetramethylammonium, and several variable-valence metal cations were combined with gas…
This study examines the addition of lithium diethyl- and dibutylphosphides to vinylacetylene, vinylmethylacetylene, and vinylethylacetylene, extending earlier work on analogous lithium amide reactions. The reactions were carried out in ether under argon, and the resulting tertiary phosphines were ch…
This paper investigates the fine structure of Rayleigh light scattering in acetone-water and methyl alcohol-water solutions in order to separate scattering contributions from different fluctuations and to determine hyperacoustic propagation velocities. Using a high-resolution Fabry-Perot interferome…
The study examines the catalytic activity of tungsten pentoxide in alcohol dehydration and in the dehydrogenation of methyl alcohol and tetralin under flow, low-conversion, approximately isothermal conditions. Using diluted catalyst and alcohol mixtures with reaction products, the authors determined…
This paper addresses the previously unknown cis isomer of the inner-complex divalent platinum salt with alpha-alanine, in the context of analogous glycine and alpha-aminobutyric acid complexes. The authors prepare potassium tetrakisalaninoplatinate, acidify the solution, and heat it to induce format…
The paper examines whether dimethylaminostyryl derivatives of acridine form colored molecular complexes with nitrobenzene, analogously to known donor, acceptor chromophoric systems. Absorption spectra were measured for several acridine anhydro bases in nitrobenzene and compared with spectra of the c…
This study examines the radicals formed during radiolysis of benzene, diphenyl, terphenyls, and ditolyls, and relates radical yields to molecular structure. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra and accumulation kinetics were measured during irradiation by 1.6 MeV electrons at low and room tempera…
This study examines the vapor-phase catalytic hydrogenation of 2-alkyl-5-acylfurans over platinum on carbon at atmospheric pressure and 300 to 310°C, focusing on how carbonyl-containing substituents direct furan-ring hydrogenolysis. The authors show that cleavage occurs primarily at the C-O bond adj…
The study examines the alkylation of 2-chloroanisole with propylene, butene-2, and cyclohexene using a boron fluoride, phosphoric acid catalyst, extending earlier work on haloanisole alkylation. Under conditions previously found favorable for 4-chloroanisole, propylene and butene-2 gave only the cor…
This study examines how molecular weight affects the fluorescence of high molecular weight compounds, including polymers with and without continuous conjugated chains. Fluorescence spectra were photographed and microphotometrically analyzed for diverse polymers, with detailed comparisons of polyphen…
The study examines the surface state of anodically polarized germanium during electrochemical etching in alkaline media, a problem relevant to semiconductor processing but previously investigated mainly in acidic solutions. Using cathodic charging curves for polycrystalline degenerate germanium in 0…
A statistical thermodynamic calculation is presented for the adsorption equilibrium of argon on the basal face of graphite at low surface coverage. The authors compute the single-particle partition function from a model potential energy surface obtained by summing dispersion and repulsion interactio…
This study examines how electron donor substituents in the meta position and alkylation of the NH group affect the absorption spectra of 4-nitrodiphenylamine derivatives. Using a chromophoric decomposition approach, the authors compare spectral maxima for substituted and N-alkylated compounds in eth…
This study examines the alkylation of 4-fluorophenol with propylene and cyclohexene using boron fluoride based catalysts, BF3, H3PO4 and BF3, O(C2H5)2, a reaction not previously described for fluorophenols. Experiments varied catalyst type and amount, temperature, and reactant ratios, and products w…
This paper reports a thermochemical determination of standard enthalpies of formation for perchloric acid and several perchlorates, motivated by limited existing data. The authors measure decomposition, dissolution, and neutralization enthalpies calorimetrically, then apply Hess’s law with selected …
This paper examines the synthesis and reactivity of oxyferrocene derivatives, with particular attention to the behavior of ferrocenyl allyl ether and the preparation of 1,1′-dioxyferrocene derivatives. Ferrocenyl allyl ether was prepared in good yield but did not undergo Claisen rearrangement under …
This paper reports a synthetic route to a tricyclic analogue of corticoid hormones, trans-1-hydroxy-1-acetoxyacetyl-6-acetoxy-4,5-(4′-methoxybenzo)-hydrindane, designed to introduce dioxyacetone and glycerol-type side chains into a trans-fused polycyclic system. Starting from a trans cyclopentyliden…
This paper examines whether the chloro-cation is an active chlorinating species in aqueous hypochlorous acid reactions, addressing conflicting interpretations of kinetic data for aromatic chlorination. Using anisole as a substrate, the authors measure rates of active chlorine disappearance at 0 degr…
This study examines whether aging in sulfur vulcanizates primarily involves oxidative scission of polymer molecular chains or rupture of transverse sulfur cross-links. Chemical stress relaxation was measured under constant compression for natural rubber and sodium-butadiene rubber vulcanizates conta…
This study examines the controlled saponification of tetraethyl acetals derived from beta-dicarbonyl compounds and ethoxydialdehydes as a route to synthetically useful carbonyl compounds. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis with limited water is shown to give beta-formylvinyl ethers, substituted malonic diald…
This communication examines proton relaxation in hydrogen peroxide solutions exposed to ultraviolet radiation, motivated by earlier observations that radiolysis and peroxide decomposition can shorten proton relaxation times. Using nuclear magnetic relaxation measurements on hydrogen peroxide solutio…
This study determines thermodynamic properties of indium antimonide, a zinc-blende semiconductor compound, from electromotive force measurements of concentration cells containing liquid indium, a molten potassium chloride, lithium chloride electrolyte with indium monochloride, and solid InSb plus an…
This study examines how physical modification of activated carbon by adsorbed water, methyl alcohol, or benzene affects nitrogen vapor adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. The authors used a rapid helium cooling method to preserve adsorption equilibria established at 20 degrees C, measured nit…
This paper addresses the structural assignment of products formed by reacting beta-bromo-beta-nitrostyrene with several active methylene compounds in the presence of triethylamine, for which several isomeric formulas were chemically plausible. The authors use Raman scattering intensities of bands as…
This paper reports photoionization measurements of first ionization potentials for several organic dyes and complex organic molecules in the gas phase, including sparingly volatile compounds examined in a heated demountable metal ionization cell. The data show a regular decrease in ionization potent…
This paper investigates synthetic routes to organoelement compounds containing direct bonds between Group IV elements, silicon or tin, and Group V elements, phosphorus or arsenic. Reactions of alkali metal hydrophosphides, alkylhydrophosphides, and hydroarsenides with monohaloalkyl derivatives of si…
This study measures the low-temperature heat capacity of linear polymers without rotating side radicals, focusing on polyethylene and trifluoroethylene as tests of theoretical predictions about interchain interactions. Using an adiabatic calorimeter, heat capacities were determined for polyethylene …
This paper examines why the time required to establish sorption equilibrium varies widely across different regions of sorption isotherms, even when no chemical interaction or absorption complicates the process. Treating adsorption and capillary condensation as diffusion-controlled transport in porou…
This paper derives a kinetic expression for the peak current of an irreversible wave in oscillographic polarography that depends on the standard rate constant and peak potential rather than on the diffusion coefficient or the rate of potential change. Starting from the diffusion integral relation at…
