SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 4600 papers in Chemistry
The study applies electron paramagnetic resonance to the catalytic decomposition of several alkyl hydroperoxides in the presence of cobalt salts, with the aim of detecting and comparing radical intermediates under different reaction conditions. The recorded spectra are attributed to alkyl peroxy rad…
This study examines the polymerization and copolymerization behavior of several unsaturated peroxide esters, including tert-butyl and tert-amyl peracrylates, substituted peracrylates, and tert-butyl permethacrylate, with attention to their possible use in grafted and modified polymers. Polymerizatio…
This study examines the synthesis and stability of furylsilanes, compounds in which the alpha carbon of a furan ring is directly bonded to silicon. A series of alkyl and phenyl substituted furylsilanes was prepared by reacting furyl lithium, generated from furan and organolithium reagents, with chlo…
Reactions of potassium cyanide with hexahalogenoplatinates of tetravalent platinum were examined as a route to hexacyanoplatinate and as a probe of substitution behavior in Pt(IV) cyanide complexes. Instead of potassium hexacyanoplatinate, the reactions yielded pentacyanohaloplatinates, especially p…
This study examines the equilibrium between p-N-benzenesulfonylaminophenyldiazonium chloride and its corresponding diazoimide, a system previously characterized mainly through chemical behavior rather than direct structural evidence. Using UV spectra in water, acid, alkaline, buffer, and methanol so…
This paper investigates the reaction of hexaalkyldistannoxanes with acetylenic compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, motivated by earlier observations that organotin oxygen compounds differ markedly from organic and organosilicon analogs. The authors show that these distannoxanes readily form …
This paper examines the disperse structure of natural graphite ground for different durations, addressing limitations of adsorption, sedimentation, and conventional wide-angle X-ray diffraction for highly dispersed graphite systems. The authors apply small-angle X-ray scattering over a broad angular…
This study examines triterpenoid genins obtained from acid hydrolysis of ginseng glycosides, focusing on panaxatriol and the more polar genin A5. Using NMR and IR spectroscopy, including comparison with panaxadiol, acetylated derivatives, and oxidized products, the authors assign hydroxyl and carbon…
This paper examines the reaction of dialkyltin oxides with Iochich’s reagent as an extension of analogous acetylenic alcohol and silanol syntheses from carbonyl compounds and polydiorganosiloxanes. The authors argue that, unlike carbon and silicon substrates, dialkyltin oxides undergo cleavage of th…
This study examines electron-exchange interactions in aqueous copper ammine complexes, motivated by the possible connection between such interactions and the catalytic activity of paramagnetic transition-metal ions. Using proton NMR, the authors measured the dependence of water proton linewidth on c…
This paper develops a theoretical treatment of homogeneous heterogeneous radical chain reactions in extended tubular reactors, focusing on cases where initiation, termination, or side reactions occur at the vessel wall. Using a model reaction scheme and diffusion boundary layer approximations for hi…
This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of diferrocenylamine and related ferrocenylamines. N-acetyldiferrocenylamine was prepared from the sodium derivative of N-acetylferrocenylamine and bromoferrocene in the presence of cuprous bromide, but conventional hydrolysis failed, while contr…
This study applies pulse chromatographic methods to selective oxidative dehydrogenation of butylenes over bismuth molybdenum and related supported catalysts, using pulsed hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon oxygen mixtures in a helium carrier stream. Experiments compare catalyst behavior, product distributio…
This study examines the long-wavelength infrared absorption spectra of aniline complexes with divalent copper, cobalt, and zinc chlorides and sulfates, motivated by unresolved questions about their structure and bonding. Powdered complexes were pressed with polyethylene and measured in the 500 to 10…
This study examines the chemical bonding in titanium oxides of variable composition, TiO0.85 to TiO1.20, using titanium X-ray K absorption spectra together with previously measured Kβ5β'' emission bands. The spectra are interpreted quantitatively by comparison with calculated band structure data for…
This study examines the thermochemistry of nitric acid extraction by tributyl phosphate, a system important for actinide and lanthanide extraction chemistry. Heats of mixing for nitric acid and tributyl phosphate were measured calorimetrically over a broad concentration range, and refractive indices…
This study examines the interaction of urea with thorium halides, a class of compounds for which prior information was reported to be absent. A series of urea-containing thorium chloride, bromide, and iodide complexes was synthesized in methanolic solution, and their compositions and properties were…
This study examines the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of water protons adsorbed in synthetic NaX zeolite at low temperatures as a function of water loading. Samples containing 0.3 to 17.3 mmol/g of water were measured between 90 and 230 K, and the spectra were analyzed through line shapes, widt…
This study investigates the interaction of natural rubber with titanium tetrachloride in order to clarify the intermediate stages preceding titanium tetrachloride induced cyclization. Infrared spectra of rubber films exposed to titanium tetrachloride and electronic spectra of dilute rubber solutions…
This study examines how pressure affects the relative rate constants of chain transfer and chain propagation in the radical polymerization of styrene initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile. Polymerizations were carried out at pressures up to 4000 kg/cm² in the presence of butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyd…
This paper examines how anisotropic propagation of polymer chains in a crystal lattice affects the kinetics of solid-phase postpolymerization. The authors formulate kinetic schemes for active centers whose growth is limited by direction-dependent rate constants and by defects, considering nonanneala…
This study examines how ionizing radiation affects the structure of electrolytic deposits of cerium crystalline oxide formed on a stainless steel cathode during electrolysis of cerium chloride solution. Deposits produced under fixed electrolysis conditions were compared with those formed after addin…
This study examines electrophilic nitration of phenylbarene, phenylbarenecarboxylic acid, and phenylneobarene to assess the directing and deactivating influence of barene and neobarene nuclei on the benzene ring. Nitration in mixed acid gave only ring-substituted mononitro products: phenylbarene for…
This paper examines the unexpected formation of high-molecular-weight polyelectrolytes when 4-vinylpyridine reacts with alkyl halides or strong protonic acids to form salts. Using elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, inhibitor tests, comonomer experiments with styrene, and kinetic observation…
This paper examines the radical addition of chloroform to heptene-1 initiated by iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of tertiary amines, focusing on factors that shift the reaction from C-H bond cleavage to C-Cl bond cleavage. Experiments with aliphatic, aliphatic-aromatic, and heterocyclic amines of…
This study examines ligand exchange in substituted ferrocenes, extending earlier work on the conversion of ferrocene with aromatic hydrocarbons into arene cyclopentadienyliron cations. Mono- and disubstituted ferrocenes bearing ethyl, acetyl, cyano, and phenyl groups were reacted with benzene or mes…
This paper reports a modified synthetic route to 2,3,4,5-tetradehydrobiotin from thiophene-fused lactam intermediates obtained through Beckmann rearrangement chemistry developed earlier by the authors. Bromination, nitration in concentrated sulfuric acid with potassium nitrate, copper-mediated debro…
This study examines structural transformations in readily crystallizing alkali-free glasses of the SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO system containing varying TiO2 additions, using ultraviolet absorption spectra as a structure-sensitive probe. Differential absorption measurements were made after heat treatments…
This study examines how strong electrostatic fields influence the stereochemical structure of polymethyl methacrylate formed by free-radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate. Polymerizations were carried out in bulk and in toluene solution using benzoyl peroxide, at field strengths of about 10,…
This study examines the extraction of individual ruthenium nitrosopentahalide complexes by long-chain aliphatic amines, focusing on how amine structure and halide acidoligand identity affect distribution into an organic phase. Radioactively labeled ammonium complexes of the type [RuNOX5]2-, with chl…
The paper reports the synthesis of symmetrical 1,4-bis-(diorganovinylsilyl)-benzenes, a class of p-disilyl-substituted benzenes proposed as monomers for polymers containing alternating silylphenylene and silicon-carbon units. The compounds were prepared by an organomagnesium route from p-dibromobenz…
This study examines synthetic zeolites of types X, Y, and mordenite as catalysts for alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons with olefins and alcohols under flow conditions at atmospheric pressure. Product distributions were measured chromatographically, and the effects of zeolite structure, silica to a…
This study examines the formation and reactivity of sodium and potassium salts of bis-diphenylphosphinylmethane in relation to organophosphorus olefination mechanisms. The salts were isolated in analytically pure form, prepared from the dioxide with alkali metals or alkoxide and hydride reagents, an…
This study examines the interaction of uranyl dihalides with tri-n-butylphosphine oxide in order to clarify the composition, properties, and possible structures of complexes relevant to extraction chemistry. A series of fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo uranyl phosphine oxide complexes was synthesized…
This study examines the thermal decomposition of copper, nickel, and thorium oxalates using emanation measurements, release of radioactive gas surface labels, differential thermography, and, for selected samples, X-ray diffraction. The results associate characteristic maxima in gas release with dehy…
This paper reports the synthesis of heterocyclic steroid derivatives in which pyrylium and pyridine rings are condensed with a 17-methyldihydrotestosterone framework. The authors condense 2-oxymethylene-17-alpha-methyldihydrotestosterone with several methyl ketones in acetic acid in the presence of …
This study examines alcohol formation during the photochemical chlorine-initiated oxidation of propane at relatively low temperatures, focusing on the relationship between alcohols and aldehydes predicted by peroxy radical reaction schemes. Using chromatographic analysis of alcohols and polarographi…
This study examines how chromium and nickel salts affect hydrogen sorption by palladium black and its catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of acetonitrile and dimethylacetylenylcarbinol. Using charging curves at 20 degrees, the authors compare acidic and aqueous salt solutions and relate changes …
This paper reports the first synthesis of alpha-nitrosohexafluoroisobutyric acid derivatives containing carboxyl-related functional groups in the alpha position to the nitroso group. The acid fluoride was prepared by addition of nitrosyl fluoride to perfluoromethacrylic acid fluoride, and careful al…
The paper presents an experimental method for studying desorption of surface-active substances from liquid phase boundaries under static conditions, using surface-tension measurements from the contour of a sessile bubble or drop. The method replaces the solution surrounding an undisturbed bubble wit…
This paper examines gas to gas phase separation in binary mixtures using a statistical method based on conditional distribution functions and molecular interaction integrals. It formulates a phase transition condition for compressed gases and applies it to mixtures described with Lennard-Jones poten…
The paper develops a graphical method for deriving kinetic equations for stationary or quasi-stationary complex reactions with linear mechanisms, where each elementary stage contains at most one intermediate substance on each side. By representing intermediates and a formal zero-substance as vertice…
This communication examines the thermal transformations of N-ethyleniminosilanes containing aliphatic, aromatic, alkoxy, and mixed substituents at silicon, with emphasis on reactions involving opening of the ethylenimine ring. Heating sealed ampoules at 200 to 300 degrees showed that several N-ethyl…
This paper examines how functional substituents separated from a benzene ring by one to three methylene groups influence the excited-state optical properties of substituted benzenes. Electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence quantum yields were measured in cyclohexane for compounds of the type …
This paper examines base induced cleavage of carbon carbon bonds in ketones and alcohols of the barene series, extending earlier observations on barenecarboxylic acid derivatives. Experiments show that 1-phenyl-2-benzoylbarene and bis(phenylbarenyl) ketone undergo alcoholysis in ethanolic sodium eth…
This study examines the radiation-catalytic decomposition of methanol adsorbed on solids with different electronic properties, extending earlier observations made for cyclohexane conversion. Methanol adsorbed on evacuated oxides, semiconductor oxides, metals, and activated carbon was irradiated with…
This study examines whether the enhanced reactivity of chlorine substituents bonded to silicon in silacycloalkanes is associated with changes in Si-Cl bond polarity. Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra at 77 K were measured for several 1-methyl-1-chloro- and 1,1-dichloro-1-silacycloalkanes and comp…
This paper examines whether adsorption of organic depolarizer molecules on a stationary mercury microelectrode can be used to increase the sensitivity of polarographic determinations. Using oscillographic polarography with a stepped polarizing voltage, the authors studied weakly acidic buffered solu…
This paper examines whether surface hydroxyl groups are the active centers responsible for adsorption and catalytic activity on oxide catalysts. Using infrared spectroscopy, the author compares shifts of hydroxyl stretching bands upon interaction with basic molecules and studies aluminosilicate and …
This paper examines how electron-donor additives, water, salts, and alkylating agents affect the stereospecific polymerization of butadiene in a cobalt catalytic system based on dialkylaluminum chloride and cobalt chloride. The authors interpret experimental changes in polymer microstructure, intrin…
