SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25357 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22539 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25357 papers
This paper addresses the determination of reaction components produced by transverse circuit current in cross-field electromechanical amplifiers, emphasizing that transverse armature reaction cannot generally be neglected because of nonlinear no-load characteristics and saturation effects. It propos…
This paper addresses the calculation of magnetic vibration and noise levels in cross-field electromechanical amplifiers, where vibroacoustic performance is important for low-noise machine design. It compares existing calculation methods for asynchronous motors and direct-current machines, arguing th…
This paper examines whether ferroresonant voltage stabilizers have a unique region of optimal parameters under different stabilization requirements, input voltage deviations, and load types. Using methods from the mathematical theory of experiment, including factorial planning and steepest ascent, t…
This paper develops a calculation method for anode current dividers used to ensure ignition of ionic valves connected in parallel, especially in ring circuits with two-core dividers. It argues that earlier formulas underestimate the required inductance for more than four valves because they assume e…
This paper describes a high-voltage pulsed switching device developed for the power supply of the electromagnet of the 1.5 GeV “Sirius” accelerator. The device uses an ion-mechanical electromechanical switching circuit with sparkless contact closing and capacitive artificial commutation for contact …
This paper examines the relation between the sparkless operating zone of direct current motors and their commutation stability, arguing that the zone alone does not provide an unambiguous basis for comparing machines with different excitation-system designs. It derives expressions for machines with …
This paper investigates ways to improve self-ventilation in enclosed low-power asynchronous motors where increased output is required without increasing frame size. More than 50 experimental fan variants were tested on an AO2-42-4 motor, comparing disk and diskless fans, blade number, blade width, a…
This paper develops an engineering method for calculating the temperature rise of finned, enclosed, air-cooled housings of low-power electrical machines. Using heated motor housing models and thermocouple measurements, the authors formulate an empirical heat-transfer relation based on hydraulic diam…
This paper develops an economic criterion for optimizing the ventilation system of enclosed asynchronous motors cooled by external airflow. Instead of using specific cooling power, the authors formulate a specific cost measure that accounts for motor cost, energy losses, fan power, thermal resistanc…
This paper examines transformations of linear steady-state thermal equivalent circuits used in thermal calculations of electrical machines. It formulates exact procedures for eliminating a node, introducing a new node, and combining two nodes, deriving the corresponding changes in heat sources, mutu…
This paper examines the dynamic stability of synchronous reluctance motors under sudden load disturbances, focusing on the limiting torque pulses that separate stable operation from loss of synchronism. Using a complete nonlinear differential model implemented on an EMU-10 analog computer, the autho…
This paper addresses the experimental determination of spatial current distribution in the cast aluminum squirrel-cage rotor bars of synchronous reluctance motors, where rotor geometry makes conventional measurement methods impractical. The authors describe an approach using calibrated Rogowski magn…
This paper examines the calculation of rotor slot leakage reactance in advanced synchronous reluctance motors whose cast aluminum squirrel-cage rotors include slots of complex configuration. It analyzes leakage flux behavior separately for transverse and longitudinal pulsating magnetic fields, using…
This paper examines methods for calculating the rotor winding parameters of improved synchronous reluctance motors with distributed short-circuited rotor windings. It develops a refined multi-circuit representation in which symmetrically placed rotor bars form separate circuits along the longitudina…
This paper examines the statistical spread of performance parameters in UAD-series asynchronous micromotors rated from 1 to 70 W, including starting and maximum torque, current, efficiency, and rotational speed. Using type and acceptance test data for samples of 12 to 30 machines per size, the autho…
This paper addresses early failures of induction motor windings, emphasizing turn insulation as a principal weak element during the 800 to 1200 hour run-in period. It presents a calculation procedure that combines motor design parameters, slot geometry, winding data, impregnation properties, and tes…
A probabilistic method is developed for calculating manufacturing tolerances that affect brush sparking and commutation in DC machines. Using a second-degree polynomial model of sparking with normally distributed technological parameters, the paper derives expressions for the mean and variance of sp…
This paper examines how technological deviations in the magnetic system and commutator, brush assembly of DC machines affect brush sparking, with the aim of supporting tolerance design for reliable commutation. The authors reduce multiple geometric deviations to generalized parameters, especially in…
This paper addresses the objective assessment of brush sparking at the commutator of direct current machines, a task traditionally performed by subjective visual grading. It proposes using oscillograms of voltage pulses at the trailing edge of the brush as a diagnostic signal and constructs sparking…
This paper describes an experimental setup and measurement procedure for studying electrodynamic forces in the end windings of a shock generator, where force calculation is complicated by conductor geometry and nearby ferromagnetic surfaces. The authors model the end winding of a single-layer concen…
This paper develops a method for calculating electrodynamic forces between curved conductors in the end windings of single-layer electrical-machine windings, excluding the influence of surrounding ferromagnetic surfaces. Using the Biot-Savart-Laplace law and a geometrical surface construction for ma…
This paper examines radiant heat transfer from ribbed housings of enclosed AP series roller table electric motors, a factor needed for thermal calculations and power uprating of naturally cooled machines. The authors tested two fourth size motor mock ups with different numbers of trapezoidal frame r…
This paper examines whether forced intermittent excitation can reduce no-load energy losses in impact-power generators during pauses between stator-current pulses. Using a two-winding rotor model with excitation and damper windings, the authors derive expressions for flux rise time and for energy lo…
This paper develops a calculation method for intermittent forced excitation of an impact generator that accounts for saturation of the magnetic circuit. Using a two-segment piecewise-linear approximation of the no-load magnetization characteristic, the authors derive expressions for rotor currents, …
This note studies whether an analogue of the Brown-McCoy radical exists for Lie algebras through the notion of modular classes of simple Lie algebras. Using free Lie algebras, holomorphs, and derivations, it proves that in the class of all Lie algebras the only modular class is the empty one, giving…
This paper examines the formation of strong bonded ash deposits on convective heating surfaces during combustion of Nazarovo brown coals, a problem that limited boiler output and was not resolved by existing cleaning methods. Drawing on operating observations, ash chemistry, phase relations, and pri…
The paper addresses the selection of grinding parameters that limit warpage caused by residual stresses in finished parts. It proposes a simple experimental procedure using thin ground and annealed plates of varying thickness to determine the bending moment, resultant residual stress per unit width,…
This paper examines how maximum shear stress in metal cutting can be determined from compression test characteristics when cutting and compression share a common flow curve in stress intensity and strain intensity coordinates. Using plastic deformation relations for compression and simple shear, the…
This paper examines the stress state near the conventional shear plane during high-speed free cutting of ductile steel. Using a distorted polar grid on a composite specimen, chip-root microhardness measurements, and flow-theory relations, the authors determine strain-rate components, shear stress in…
This paper addresses the experimental determination of limiting thermal characteristics for AO2 series induction motors, defined as the permissible duration of stator winding overload current as a function of current magnitude. It argues that catalogue data and unified calculation methods are insuff…
The paper addresses the calculation of resultant armature reaction in DC commutator machines, a quantity important for circuit and transient process analysis but difficult to obtain by existing componentwise or experimental methods. It proposes a computational procedure that derives the resultant ar…
The paper addresses the determination of the vortex center radius in the circulating flow of a fluid coupling, a parameter needed for designing special hydrodynamic couplings whose structural elements depend on this flow position. It argues that estimates based on constant meridional velocity can de…
This study examines how molybdenum and carbon contents affect the structure, hardness, tempering behavior, and red hardness of cast tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steels. Laboratory heats with varied carbon and molybdenum levels were cast in metal molds, examined metallographically, subjected to rep…
This paper examines how thin intermediate layers between rough contacting bodies affect approach and elastic preliminary displacement under normal and tangential loading. Experiments on hardened steel, copper, and lead contacts with layers such as grease, water, oil, chalk, rosin, and graphite are c…
This paper presents a procedure for determining stresses in the plastic region near the free contour of holes in stretched brass plates using hardness measurements. Hardness values measured on a square grid are converted to stress intensity by a calibration curve, then combined with boundary conditi…
This paper investigates whether motion along a constant stress intensity surface can be treated as neutral loading in plasticity, and how additional plastic deformation develops during such complex loading. Thin-walled tubular steel specimens were subjected to biaxial tension with controlled axial f…
This paper reports an experimental investigation of the neutral loading curve, or boundary surface, for annealed copper under a plane stressed state. Tubular specimens were first plastically loaded by combined internal pressure and axial force to prescribed stress intensities, unloaded, and then rel…
This paper examines the heating of carbon steel ingots and billets in flame furnaces when radiative and convective heat transfer act together and thermophysical properties vary with temperature. Structural transformations in the critical temperature range are represented approximately through temper…
This paper investigates strain distributions during plane and axisymmetric upsetting of billets made from materials with different strain hardening capacities. Strains were determined mainly from hardness distributions using calibration curves relating hardness to strain intensity, with additional g…
This paper presents a method for determining contact stresses in plane upsetting from the hardness distribution in plastically deformed metal. The approach uses calibration tests in axial compression to relate hardness to tangential stress intensity, then applies hardness measurements across deforme…
This paper develops mathematical and computing models for transient processes in several heat-exchange apparatuses whose thermal action is constant along the length, including heat exchangers with constant heating-medium temperature or constant heat flux and related pipeline cases. Starting from dis…
This paper addresses verification calculation of worn spur gear teeth in bending, criticizing earlier approaches that treat wear as a uniform preservation of tooth profile and attribute strength loss mainly to reduction of the original dangerous section. Drawing on experimental wear tests, model ben…
The paper describes a laboratory pulsator rig developed for fatigue fracture testing of worn gear teeth in bending, a problem for which existing rigs for unworn teeth were inadequate because they used a fixed pressure angle. The design allows the tested tooth to be set at the required pressure angle…
This paper derives dynamic and static equations for vertical cylindrical furnaces used to dry wire insulation in cable production, where automatic temperature control requires knowledge of furnace characteristics. Modeling the furnace as an open vertical cylindrical cavity with constant wall heat ge…
This paper describes a device developed at the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute for instantaneously stopping the cutting process during face milling in order to obtain high-quality chip roots for studying the stressed and deformed state of the chip-formation zone. The design uses an explosive charge to d…
The paper studies a general quadrature process for singular integrals with a Hilbert-type kernel, based on a special trigonometric interpolation polynomial determined by a minimum norm condition. It derives quadrature formulas, establishes their convergence in mean and uniformly under appropriate sm…
This paper addresses the calculation of the irradiation coefficient between an elementary cylindrical ring on the inner surface of a cylindrical cavity and the cylinder base, a geometric factor needed for radiant heat exchange models in elongated thermal apparatuses. Starting from the general double…
The paper studies dimension estimates for products of compact Hausdorff spaces in terms of large inductive dimension. It introduces a class of bicompacta characterized by a weakened sum theorem for boundary closed sets and an extension property for refinements, and proves that finite products of spa…
This paper addresses how to reduce the cost of betatron bremsstrahlung irradiation for thin alkali halide crystal samples by increasing the number and total thickness of samples irradiated in one run while maintaining acceptable dose uniformity. Using published mass absorption coefficients and measu…
The paper analyzes how stochastic radiation transport through a plane barrier changes the statistical properties of a betatron bremsstrahlung beam, a problem relevant to calculating operating parameters of radiation flaw detectors. Modeling the incident and transmitted beams as random fields in phas…
