SovietRxiv · Open Access in English
Rediscovering the Soviet scientific archive, in English
25456 full-text translations 14926 English PDFs 22540 abstracts
Showing 50 of 25456 papers
A new synthesis of 3-aryl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazines is described, addressing the limited accessibility of arylbutadienes required in the earlier azodicarboxylic ester route. The method reduces readily available 6-aryl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-ones, prepared from beta-aroylpropionic acids and hydra…
The paper studies the simultaneous reduction of two bilinear forms whose matrices are symmetric or skew-symmetric, over the real or complex numbers. It gives a canonical decomposition of any such pair into a direct sum of explicitly listed elementary pairs, with uniqueness up to the order of summand…
This paper examines critical concentration regions in sodium laurate and potassium laurate solutions, extending beyond the commonly recognized critical concentration of micelle formation. Using the solubilization of toluene as an experimental measure, the authors identify an initial threshold near 0…
This paper studies spaces of fractional order defined by difference norms, comparing them with related Sobolev, Slobodetskii, Besov, and Gagliardo type spaces. It presents a simpler method, based on integral representation formulas due to Il’in, for proving trace, extension, embedding, and regularit…
This study examines the nature of interatomic bonding in titanium beryllides through the fine structure of titanium X-ray absorption spectra and K beta 5 emission bands. Alloys close to TiBe and TiBe2 were prepared by powder sintering, compositionally and structurally checked, and compared with meta…
This study examines the chemistry of furfural-aniline resin formation, a process previously known in application but insufficiently characterized mechanistically. Using physicochemical analysis together with spectrophotometry, viscosity measurements, calorimetry, chemical analysis, hydrogenation, an…
This study examines the composition, crystallization, and mechanical stability of calcium hydrosilicates formed during hydrothermal treatment relevant to cementing ultradeep oil wells at 200°C and pressures up to 700 atm. Mixtures of lime and quartz sand with CaO:SiO2 ratios of 2, 1, and 0.8 were au…
This study examines the behavior of n-heptane and cyclohexene under high-temperature conditions in contact with molten sodium, potassium hydroxide, and, for comparison, molten aluminum. Experiments were conducted in flow apparatuses at atmospheric pressure and in an autoclave under elevated pressure…
This paper reports a polarographic investigation of the nitro-aci tautomerism of nitrocyclohexane in buffered aqueous media at controlled ionic strength. By following the polarographic wave of the nitro form over pH 3 to 12 and at 25 to 50°C, the authors measured the rates of conversion in both dire…
This paper studies how far a continuous mapping from a finite-dimensional compactum into a polyhedron can be approximated so that the dimensions of point preimages are controlled. It introduces a defect function on a polyhedron and proves that if such a function satisfies certain local approximation…
This paper examines the choice of boundary conditions at a vacuum boundary in the spherical harmonics approximation to the particle transport equation. Using a variational principle for the transport problem, it derives boundary conditions that are optimal in the sense of minimizing the correspondin…
This paper examines the thermal and photochemical reactions of diphenylmercury in benzene, with particular attention to the role of oxygen and to phenyl group exchange between the organomercury compound and the solvent. Using carbon-14 labeled benzene or labeled diphenylmercury, the authors compare …
This paper reports the synthesis of tertiary phosphine oxides containing a vinyl group attached to phosphorus, a class of organophosphorus compounds of interest as potential monomers for nonflammable polymers. The authors prepare diethylvinylphosphine oxide, dipropylvinylphosphine oxide, and ethylph…
This paper analyzes selected inelastic proton-neutron interactions at 9 BeV recorded in nuclear emulsion exposed to the internal proton beam of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research synchrophasotron. From 72 three-prong events, 22 cases with full identification of secondary charged particles were…
This paper investigates the catalytic dehydrogenation of isopropylbenzene to alpha-methylstyrene, with emphasis on reaction kinetics and the influence of hydrocarbon structure on reaction rate. Experiments were conducted in a flow system over a mixed oxide catalyst with steam dilution, measuring hyd…
This study examines N-adenosinephosphoric derivatives of phenylalanine as model compounds for possible peptide nucleotide linkages involving a phosphorus nitrogen bond. The authors synthesized and compared benzyl-protected and deprotected derivatives, testing their reactions with protected amino aci…
This review evaluates R. N. Khadzhikov’s revised textbook Mining Mechanics, approved for mining technical schools, in light of its pedagogical structure, technical coverage, and suitability for professional training. The authors note significant improvements over earlier editions, including clearer …
The paper examines calculation procedures for selecting train consist weight in underground electric locomotive haulage, focusing on the braking-distance condition used alongside adhesion, motor heating, and battery capacity constraints. It argues that deriving braking deceleration from a prescribed…
This article analyzes the theoretical accuracy of a class of spatial mechanisms used to generate ellipses, specifically mechanisms that form a conchoid by laying off constant segments along the radius vectors of a prescribed ellipse. The author derives formulas for the deviation between the generate…
This article surveys the development of axonometric projections in the USSR, emphasizing their growing importance for visual and measurable representations in science, engineering, and education. Through a historical and systematic review of Soviet work, it identifies three principal research direct…
This article proposes a calculation method for evaluating whether design measures that extend the service life of machines are economically justified when they raise production costs or alter operating expenses. It derives formulas comparing the national economic savings from deferred machine replac…
This article examines how the service life of industrial machines should be determined by combining technical wear with economic indicators, rather than relying only on fixed calendar periods or uniform depreciation norms. Focusing on mining equipment in the Soviet coal industry, it argues that exis…
This article examines how to evaluate the economic efficiency of developing ore deposits in the context of expanding Soviet ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy. It argues that commonly used indicators, such as ore cost, labor productivity, extraction completeness, ore value and quality, development in…
This paper compares central and side methods of supplying flushing water during blasthole drilling as measures for suppressing mine dust and reducing silicosis risk. Based on 1956 tests at the Tashtagol mine using gravimetric dust sampling, flow and pressure measurements, and PA-23 rock drills, the …
This paper examines time losses in loading and mine-car exchange during horizontal mine drivage in Kuzbass, where these operations could occupy a large share of the work cycle. Based on observations of UMP-1 and PPM-3 loading machines using turnout switches and portable transfer platforms, the autho…
This paper examines the design and operation of main fan installations in Kuzbass coal mines, where ventilation requirements vary widely as workings move to lower horizons and mine networks become more complex. Using survey data from 1955 to 1957 and comparisons of operating ranges for axial and cen…
This paper estimates the potential reduction in Soviet electricity consumption that could be achieved by raising the efficiency of fans during the 1960 to 1969 period. Using approximate national data and engineering assumptions, it evaluates mine ventilation fans, thermal power station draft and bla…
This paper presents a calculation procedure for automatic starting gate valves with a hydraulic damper used in mine drainage pump installations, where the discharge pipeline must be closed during pump start-up to reduce motor starting torque. Using a worked example for a specified pump, pipeline, pi…
This paper examines automatic control of skip hoisting installations with asynchronous drives, focusing on how loading, unloading, and landing devices affect static resistance and rope tension during a hoisting cycle. Using analytical expressions, grapho-analytical estimates, and operating observati…
The paper discusses the need to replace mercury-float speed meters used on Soviet mine hoisting installations, focusing on their inadequate recording scale, operational unreliability, and high cost. It reviews practical shortcomings of instruments made by Karlik, Logan, and the Tomsk Manometer Plant…
This paper examines the use of freewheeling during the main deceleration period of shallow, high-capacity mine hoisting installations as an alternative to automation schemes based on dynamic braking. It derives approximate equations for rope forces, deceleration, freewheeling time, and distance as f…
This paper proposes a coordinated design methodology for asynchronous drives of mine hoisting machines, addressing the interdependent selection of the speed diagram, starting rheostat, magnetic station, and motor. The method derives rotor resistance stages from actual hoist operating conditions, rel…
This paper examines how to calculate the duration of transient acceleration during contactor starting of mine hoisting machines driven by wound-rotor asynchronous motors. It compares the exact universal curvilinear mechanical characteristic with rectilinear and parabolic approximations, evaluates th…
This paper examines maximum dynamic forces in the hoisting rope at the drum rim during unsteady starting of mine hoisting machines. It distinguishes three stages of rope loading, from initial drum rotation through slack take-up and accelerated motion, and presents calculation formulas for dynamic fo…
This paper addresses the periodic adjustment of rope length in mine hoisting installations, where plastic elongation produces slack that can affect safe operation. It derives formulas for the permissible adjustment step from rope deformation, unloading overtravel, hoisting height, drum geometry, and…
This paper examines the problem of rope slack in mine hoisting installations, distinguishing emergency slack caused by a jammed descending conveyance from operating slack produced when a vessel is set down for loading. It reviews continuous monitoring methods based on sensing slack in the upper or l…
This paper analyzes the elastic and plastic elongation of steel hoisting ropes used in mine hoists, emphasizing that unstretched ropes undergo plastic elongation at stresses below the elastic limit of their wires because of rope structure and wire displacement. It replaces the rope tensile diagram w…
This article examines the relationship among value, production cost, and wholesale pricing in the Soviet coal industry within debates on socialist price formation. It argues that cost reflects both national economic conditions and enterprise-specific factors, while branch-average cost approximates s…
This paper classifies drum rearrangement mechanisms used in mine hoisting machines for rope length regulation and related operations, using design and operational criteria such as disengaging device, locking device, drive type, adjustment increment, dynamic loading, and degree of automation. It comp…
This paper examines why the construction of coal mines in Kuzbass exceeded prescribed durations and proposes measures for shortening both preparatory and main construction periods. Using data from ten completed mines, it compares actual and standard schedules, derives a power-law relation between mi…
This paper examines the poor performance and high cutter consumption associated with rotary electric drilling of blastholes in Kuzbass rock workings, particularly in strong and abrasive sandstones. On the basis of mine observations and analysis of cutter wear, it argues that standard cutter geometri…
This paper reviews sudden coal and methane outbursts and preliminary seam degassing in eastern Soviet coal basins, drawing on recorded mine cases from 1947 to 1956 and operational experience in Kuzbass, the Urals, the Far East, and Vorkuta. It summarizes outburst frequency, locations, and intensity,…
This study examines moisture-resistant inert dust for coal-mine shale barriers, addressing the rapid hygroscopic caking of ordinary limestone dust and the resulting need for frequent replacement. Limestone was jointly ground with hydrophobizing additives such as mylonaphthene, rosin, and oleic acid,…
This paper examines the determination of a safe height for conical mine waste rock dumps under Kuzbass conditions, where economic advantages of taller dumps must be balanced against deformation and accident risks. It analyzes dump stability through equilibrium considerations, reviews existing calcul…
This paper examines rock displacement as a central factor in roof control during the mining of thick, steeply dipping coal seams in the Kuzbass. It outlines observational methods used in mines, including relative and absolute displacement measurements, remote sensors, tensometers, measuring supports…
This paper examines the design of portable chock supports for mine roof control, focusing on the limitations of rail, I-beam, and channel-section metal cribs, which are either too heavy or insufficiently stable under high rock pressure. It reports laboratory model tests of several bent sheet-steel s…
The article addresses the problem of mining thick, gently dipping coal seams in the Tom-Usa district of Kuzbass, where existing inclined-slice methods with roof caving produced low output, high timber consumption, significant coal losses, and frequent roof-control difficulties. It proposes a system …
This paper examines ways to improve mining methods for thick coal seams in Kuzbass, where labor productivity had stagnated despite increased mechanization. It argues that manual timber support is the main obstacle and reviews alternative systems suited to varied geological conditions, including shie…
